;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] cWoog
g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg cGtu{t n3' cg';Gwfg kl/of]hgfsf
nflu
k|f1 j'Fb /fgfsf] lgb{]zgdf tof/ u/L nf]sjftf{ ljefudf
k|:t't cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg
@)^&
zf]wfyL{
k'is//fh e§
wgu9L – %, x;gk'/
s}nfnL
s[t1tf 1fkg
k|:t't
cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg d}n] g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg cGt{ut nf]sjftf{ ljefusf lgldQ n3'
cg';Gwfg kl/of]hgfsf nflu tof/ u/]sf]
x'F . of] k|ltj]bg d}n] g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg, nf]sjftf{ ljefusf k|d'v, k|f1
k|lti7fg ;b:o cfb/0Lfo >L a'Fb /fgfsf]
lgb{]zgdf tof/ kf/]sf] 5' . k|f/De b]lv k|ltj]bg tof/ kfbf{;Dd lbzflgb{]z
ug'{x'g] cfb/0lfo >L a'Fb /fgfk|lt ;j{k|yd cfef/ k|s6 ub{5' . k|:t't
cg';Gwfg ug{sf nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{x'g] k|1f k|lti7fgsf s'nklt >L j}/fuL
sfFOnf, pks'nklt >L u+ufk|;fb pk|lt, ;b:o–;lrj >L ;gt /]UdL nufot
;Dk"0f{ k|1f k|lti7fg kl/jf/k|lt s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' .
cg';Gwfg
k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{] s|ddf dxTjk"0f{ ;Nnfx ;'emfj k|bfg ug{'x'g] k|f1 lji0f'
k|eft, u'?j/ 8f= hLj]Gb| b]j lu/L, u'?j/ s[i0f k|;fb l3ld/] Pjd\ yf? ;flxTosf
n]vs, cg';Gwfgstf{ s[i0f ;j{xf/LHo"k|lt s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' .
cg';Gwfgsf
s|ddf ljleGg 7fpF k'Ug] s|ddf cfjZos dfu{lgb{]zg ug{] ldq s]bf/ k|;fb cfrfo{,
o1 /fh ofqL, sNofg cf]emf, s[i0f ld>, u+uf/fd dxtf], uofk|;fb s7l/ofk|lt
s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' .
nf]suLtsf ;fdu|L ;+sngdf
;xof]u u'g{x'g] /fd/tg /fgf, afns/fd /fgf, dgf]h /fgf, pld{nf /fgf, u+uf/fd
dxtf], c+u|]hL dxtf], ;Ltf/fgL rf}w/L, la/dnfn rf}w/Lk|lt s[t1tf 1fkg ub}5' .
of] k|ltj]bg tof/ kbf{ ;xof]u ug'{x'g] ldq k|]d k|sfz rf}w/Lk|lt s[t1tf 1fkg ub{5' . cGTodf, d of] cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bg cfjZos d"Nof+sgsf nflu g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg, nf]sjftf{ ljefu ;dIf k|:t't ub{5' .
@)^*÷)@÷@@
k'is//fh e§
wgu9L– %, x;gk'/
s}nfnL
laifo ;"rL
kl/R5]b Ps
zf]w kl/ro
!=! zf]w lzif{s
!=@ zf]w
k|of]hg
!=# zf]w kl/ro
!=$ ;d:of
syg
!=% zf]wsfo{sf]p2]Zo
!=^ k"a{sfo{sf] ;dLIff
!=& zf]wsf] cf}lrTo / dxTj
!=* zf]wsf] l;df+sg
!=( ;fdfu|L ;+sng lalw
!=!) zf]wkqsf] ?k/]vf
kl/R5]b
b'O{
;'b'/ klZrf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ;+sng
@=! k[i7e"ld
@=@ yf¿ hfltsf] kl/ro
@=# yf¿x?sf] d"n:yfg tyf k|;f/
@=$ ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLt
@=$=! /fgf yf?sf] kl/ro
@=$=@ /fgf yf¿sf nf]suLtx¿
@=$=# s7l/of hfltsf] kl/ro
@=$=$ s7l/of yf¿ uLtx¿
@=$=% 8uf}/f yf¿sf] kl/ro
@=$=^ 8uf}/f yf¿
nf]suLtx¿
t];|f]
kl/R5]b
;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] juL{s/0f
#=! ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] yf¿ ;flxTo n]vgsf] k[i7e"ld
#=@ ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] yf¿ nf]suLtsf] auL{s/0f
kl/R5]b rf/
;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] laZn]if0f
$=! k[i7e"ld
$=@ yf¿ nf]suLtsf] laZn]if0f
$=@=! gf/Lsf] sf]0faf6 k|:t't yf¿
nf]suLt
$=@=@ afnaflnsfsf sf]0faf6 yf¿
nf]suLt
$=@=# yf¿ nf]s dxfef/t asL{df/
$=@=$ yf¿ nf]s v08sfAo lzj km'Njf/
$=@=% yf¿ nf]suLtdf /fd ufyf
$=@=^ yf¿ nf]suLtdf s[i0f ufyf
$=@=& yf¿ ;+:sf/ uLtx?sf]
laZn]if0f
$=@=* yf¿ Ct'uLtx?sf] laZn]if0f
$=@=( yf¿ nf]suLtdf k|s[lt lrq0f
$=@=!) >d ;DaGwL yf¿ nf]suLt
$=@=!! yf¿ nf]suLtdf v]tLkftLsf
k|;ª\u
$=@=!@ yf¿ nf]suLtdf dfofk|]dsf
efjx?
$=@=!# yf¿ nf]suLtdf rf8kj{
$=@=!$ yf¿ nf]suLtdf nf]slaZjf;
$=@=!% yf¿ nf]suLtdf ;d;fdlos r]tgf
$=@=!^ kf}/fl0fs cfVofgo'Qm yf? nf]s /fdfo0f /fdlau|xuf
$=@= !& k'/f0fdf cfwfl/t yf¿
nf]sefujt k'/f0f
$=# lgZsif{
kl/R5]b kfFr
pk;+xf/
%=! lgZsif{
%=@ ;Defljt zf]w zLif{sx?
kl/lzi6 Ps
kl/lzi6 Ps M yf¿ hfltsf nf]sufyf tyf nf]ssfJo .
kl/lzi6 b'O{ M cWoog If]q s}nfnL
lhNnfsf] gS;f .
kl/lzi6 tLg M cWoog If]q s~rgk'/
lhNnfsf] gS;f .
kl/lzi6 rf/ M yf¿ g[To Pjd\ ;+:s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt kmf]6f]x¿ .
;Gbe{ u|Gy;"rL
kl/R5]b Ps
cg';Gwfg kl/ro
!=! zf]w zLif{s
k|:t't
zf]wsf] zLif{s ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] cWoog /x]sf] 5 .
!=@ zf]w k|of]hg
k|:t't
zf]wkq g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg cGtu{t n3' cg';Gwfg kl/of]hgf k"/f ug{]
k|of]hgsf lglDt /x]sf] 5 .
!=# zf]w kl/ro
g]kfnsf]
;'b'/klZrdf~rn lasf; If]q ;]tL / dxfsfnL b'O{ c+rn cGt/ut s}nfnL, 8f]6L, c5fd,
aemfª, afh'/f, s+rgk'/, 88]Nw'/f, a}t8L / bfr{'nf u/L gf} lhNnfx? /x]sf] kfOG5
. s}nfnL / s+rgk'/ lhNnf t/fO{sf lhNnfx? x'g\ . oL lhNnfx?df ldl>t
efiffefifL, hghfltx?sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] / cfcfˆgf] hLjgz}nL / ;+:s[lt /x]sf]
kfOG5 .
yf¿
hflt s}nfnL / s+rgk'/sf cflbaf;L x'g\ . logsf] hg;+Vof pQm lhNnfx?df s"n
hg;+Vofsf] ax';+Vofdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . oxfFsf] k|d'v yf¿ ;d'bfodf 8+uf}/f, /fgf,
s7l/of cflb kb{5g\ . oL hfltdf klg
laleGg pky/ /x]sf] kfOG5 .
cjwL
efiff;Fu yf¿ efiffsf] lgs6 ;DaGw /x]sf] kfOG5 . yf¿ nf]s;flxTo cToGt ;d[4
dflgG5 . u'af{as\ hdf}{6L / asL{df/ h:tf kf}/fl0fs / wfld{s u|Gyx?sf] ;fy}
s[i0f rl/q -;lvofdf gflrg]_, dfFu/, /fdhnd, d3f}6f, a/d:of h:tf uLtx?sf sf/0f
o; efiffsf] nf]s;flxTo ;d[4 /x]sf] dfGg ;lsG5 . [1]
8+uf}/f,
/fgf / s7l/ofsf] cfcfkm\g} hLjgz}nL Pjd\ ;+:s[lt /x]sf] kfOG5 . 8+uf}/f
;d'bfodf b+ufnL ;dfh / ;+:s[ltsf] Pjd\ /fgf / s7l/ofdf ef/tsf] ;+:s[ltsf] k|efj
kfOG5 . cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts Pjd\
z}lIfs lx;fan] k5fl8 k/]sf yf¿ hfltsf] hghLjg Pjd\ ;+:s[ltsf] af/]df ;3g
?kdf cWoog clxn];Dd ePsf] 5}g . o;} ;Gbe{df lasf;sf] d"nwf/df cfpg g;s]sf]
;'b'/klZrdf~rsf lk5l8Psf] yf¿ ;d'bfosf] nf]suLtsf] af/]df cWoog cfjZos Pjd
;fGble{s 5 .
!=$ ;d:of syg
;'b'/klZrdf~rnsf
yf¿ nf]suLtsf] cWoog gfds k|:t't zf]ssfo{sf ;d:ofx? lgDg k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .
s_ s}nfnL / s+rgk'/ lhNnfdf s] s:tf
yf¿ nf]suLt k|rlnt /x]sf] 5g\ <
v_ tL nf]suLtx?sf] juL{s/0f s;/L
ug{ ;lsG5 <
u_ yf¿ nf]suLtsf ljz]iftf s] s] x'g\ <
!=% zf]wsfo{sf] p2]Zo
pkzLif{s
!=$ df s]lGb|t eP/ k|:t't zf]ssfo{sf p2]Zox? lgDglnlvt /x]sf 5g\ .
s_ yf¿ nf]suLt ;+sng ug'{
v_ yf¿ nf]suLtsf] juL{s/0f ug'{
u_ yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ljZn]if0f ug'{ .
!=^ k"a{sfo{sf] ;dLIff
s_ b]aL k|;fb cf]emf -@)^%_ n] ;'b'/klZrdf~rndf
;flxTo / ;flxTosf/x?, ;'b'/klZrdf~rn ;fdflhs ;]jf tyf cg';Gwfg ;ldlt,
s+rgk'/df ;'b'/klZrfd~rnsf yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf cWo]tf dlg/fd rf}w/L / nSsL
rf}w/Lsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro lbOPsf] 5 . pgLx?n] u/]sf] sfo{sf] af/]df a0f{g ul/Psf]
5}g .
v_ o1/fh ofqL / cGo -@)^)_ n] ;flxTosf/
kl/ro sf]if -k|sfzsM klZrdf~rn ;flxTo ;dfh_ df ;'b'/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]s;flxTosf cWo]tf u+uf/fd dxtf]sf] hLjg kl/ro lbOPsf] 5 . kl/rodf pgn] u/]sf]
sfo{sf] ;fdfGo ;"rgf lbPklg lj:tf/df j0f{g ul/Psf] 5}g .
u_ nSsL rf}w/L -@)^@_ n] ltx'jf/
-k|sfzsM uLtf rf}w/L_ n] ;'b'/klZrd]nL yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ;Gbe{df s]xL ka{uLtx?sf]
af/]df a0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . ;du| laifoa:t' ;d]6g] sfo{ ul/Psf] 5}g .
3_ s[i0f ;j{xf/L / uf]kfn blxt -@)^$_ n] lalAnof]u|fkmL ckm OlG8lhlgo; OlYgs yf¿ -k|sfzsM yf¿ af}l4s tyf /fli6«o
cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, sf7df08f}, g]kfn_ ;'b'/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf s[lt Pjd\
kqklqsfx¿sf] ljj/0f lbOPsf] 5 . tL s[ltx?df ePsf ;fdu|Lsf] af/]df j0f{g Pjd\ laZn]if0f
ul/Psf] 5}g .
ª_ af;'b]j efO;fa -@)^%_ n] yf¿
nf]s;flxTo kl/ro sf]ifdf /fgf yf¿ hfltsf s]xL ;f+:s[lts uLtx? ;+sng Pjd\
laZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;a} ;f+:s[lts uLtsf] ;+sng Pjd\ laZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5}g .
r_ k'is//fh e§ -@)^%_ n] ;''b"/
klZrdf~rndf dft[efiff ;flxTo -k|sfzsM hgdt k|sfzg_ df ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf]
yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf laleGg cWo]tfx?sf] af/]df j0f{g ug'{sf ;fy} ltgsf nf]suLtsf
c+z pNn]v u/L ltgsf] cf+lzs ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;du| cWoog ul/Psf] 5}g .
!=& zf]wsf] cf}lrTo / dxTj
dflysf]
k"j{sfo{sf] ljj/0faf6 s] s'/f k|i6 ePsf] 5 eg] ;''b'/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] af/]df l56k'6 cWoog eP tfklg ;du| Pjd\ Aojl:yt cWoog ePsf] 5}g .
To;}u/L dfly ul/Psf] k"j{sfo{sf] cWoogn] o; laifodf Jojl:yt Pjd\ ;dli6
cWoog x'g g;s]sf] kl/k]|Iodf k|:t't zf]wsf] cf}lrTo klg :jtM :ki6 b]lvG5 .
!=* zf]wsf] l;df+sg
k|:t't
zf]wsf] zLif{s ;'b'/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] cWoog /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] k|:t't zf]w ;''b"/klZrdf~rn ljsf;
If]qsf s}nfnL / s+rgk'/ lhNnfdf /x]sf yf¿ efiffdf n]lvPsf yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf]
cWoogdf ;Lldt /x]sf] 5 . ;f] If]q Pjd\ aflx/sf cWo]tfn] ;'b"/ klZrdf~rn
If]qsf] yf¿ nf]suLtsf ;+sng, ljZn]if0f Pjd\ cg';GWffgsf If]qdf u/]sf sfo{x?ssf]
;d]t cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .
;'\b"/klZrdf~rnsf
yf¿ nf]suLt;Fu ;DalGwt s[lt, kqklqsfsf ;fy} snfsf/ Pjd\ cWo]tfx?;Fu ljZn]if0fdf
k|:t't zf]wkq ;Lldt /x]sf] 5 . zf]wkq j0f{gfTds ljlw ckgfP/ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 .
!=( ;fdfu|L ;+sng lalw
k|:t't
zf]wkqnfO{ ljZj;gLo, k|dfl0fs Pjd\ k"0f{tf lbg] qmddf If]qLo cWoog
ljlwnfO{ ljz]if dxTj lbOPsf] 5 . To;sf] ;fy} k':tsfnoLo lalwnfO{ klg cf+lzs
?kdf k|fyldstf lbOPsf] 5 . To;sf lglDt zf]wsfo{;Fu ;DalGwt k':ts / kqklqsfsf]
cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . cWoogsf qmddf yf¿ nf]suLt;Fu ;Da4 ;+3;+:yfx? Pjd\ snfsf/ JolQmx?;Fu
;Dks{ u/L zf]wnfO{ k|dfl0fs Pjd\ ljZj;gLo agfpg lnlvt Pjd\ cfjfh /]s8{ u/L
cfjZos Pjd\ ;"rgf ;+sng ul/Psf] 5 .
!=!) zf]wkqsf] ?k/]vf
k|:t't
zf]wkqsf] :j?k / ;+/rgfnfO{ Aojl:yt Pjd\ k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 ;+of]hg ug{sf] nflu
;du| zf]wkqnfO{ lgDg adf]lhd cWoog Pjd\ zLif{s pkzLif{sdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
kl/R5]b Ps M zf]w kl/ro
kl/R5]b b'O{ M ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] ;+sng .
kl/R5]b tLg M ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] auL{s/0f .
kl/R5]b rf/ M ;'b"/klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf]
laZn]if0f .
kl/R5]b kfFr M pk;+xf/ .
kl/lzi6 Ps M yf¿
hfltsf nf]sufyf tyf nf]ssfJo .
kl/lzi6 b'O{ M cWoog If]q s}nfnL lhNnfsf] gS;f .
kl/lzi6 tLg M cWoog If]q s~rgk'/ lhNnfsf] gS;f .
kl/lzi6 rf/ M yf¿ g[To Pjd\ ;+:s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt kmf]6f]x¿ .
kl/R5]b b'O{
;'b'/ klZrf~rnsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] ;ª\sng
@=! k[i7e"ld
g]kfnsf]
;"b"/ klZrdf~rn If]qdf gf} j6f lhNnfx? 5g\ . h;dWo] t/fO{sf b'O{
lhNnf s}nfnL / s+rgk'/df yf¿ ;d'bfosf] a;f]af; 5 . yf¿ ;d'bfosf ljleGg y/ Pjd\
pky/ /x]sf] kfOG5 . 8+uf}/f, /fgf / s7l/of tLg k|sf/sf yf¿x?sf] a;f]af; oL
lhNnfx?df kfOG5 . logsf klg ljleGg pky/ /x]sf kfOG5g\ . hLjgz}nL, ;+:s[lt Pjd\
;+:sf/n] yf¿x? c¿ hfltx? eGbf leGg 5g\ .
s}nfnL
lhNnf ;"b'/klZdf~rnsf] cu|0fL lhNnf xf] . ;]tL c+rndf kg{] o; lhNnfsf] If]qkmn
#@#% au{ lsld /x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf] a9Lh;f] e"efu t/fO{ / s]xL efu r'/]
kxf8df kb{5 . o; lhNnfdf $@ j6f ufla; / b'O{ j6f gu/kflnsf 5g\ . ;'b'/ klZrdsf]
k|d'v Jofkfl/s s]Gb|sf] ?kdf /x]sf] wgu9L o; lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd xf] .[2] s}nfnL lhNnfdf ^ j6f lgaf{rg If]q
/x]sf] 5 . @*°@@Ú pQ/b]lv @(°%Ú pQ/;Dd b]zfGt/ /x]sf] 5 .
s}nfnL lhNnfsf] k"a{df s0ff{nL gbL, alb{of / ;'v{]t lhNnf kb{5 eg] klZrddf
s+rgk'/ / 88]nw'/f lhNnf kb{5 . pQ/df 8f]6L, 88]Nw'/f / ;'v{]t lhNnf /x]sf] 5
eg] blIf0fdf df]xgf gbL / ef/tsf] pQ/ k|b]zsf] ;Ldfgf kb{5 . lhNnfsf] s"n
If]qkmnsf] $)=# k|ltzt kxf8L efu /x]sf] 5 eg] t/fO{ efu %(=& k|ltzt 5 .
;d'b| ;txb]lv !)( dL6/b]lv !(%) dL6/;Dd prfO{ /x]sf] kfOG5 .
o;
lhNnfsf k|d'v ko{6sLo If]qdf lr;fkfgL, uf]8fj/L, wgu9L, 3f]8f3f]8L tfn, 6Lsfk'/
kfs{ kb{5g\ . lhNnfsf d'Vo gbLx?df s0ff{nL, df]xgf, v'l/of, ky/}of, lzau+uf,
uf}/Lu+uf, ag/f, u'n/f, uf]bfj/L x'g\ eg] k|d'v tfnx? 3f]8f3f]8L, hf]v/, ltn]s,
sf]O{nxL, nf}sf ef}sf, a]x8fafaf kb{5g\ . o; lhNnfsf k|d'v wfld{s :ynx?df ;d}hL
-uf]nfb]p_, km"na:tL, uf]bfj/L, u+uf, Ujf;L, a]x8ftfn, nIdLgf/fo0f dlGb/,
g}gfb]jL dlGb/, kz'klt dlGb/, a]ª\s6]z dlGb/, agb]aL dlGb/ kb{5g\ .
s}nfnL lhNnfsf wgu9L
gu/kflnsf, u]6f, a]nfb]jLk'/, >Lk'/, dfnfv]tL, pdf{, km"naf/L, rf}dfnf,
ubl/of, x;'lnof, kj]/f, a;f}6L, /tgk'/, ehgL, nfnaf]emL, v}nf8, yfkfk'/,
hf]zLk'/, gf/fo0fk'/, wgl;+xk'[/, l6sfk'/ gu/kflnsf, d'g'jf, b'uf{}nL, alnof,
k|tfkk'/, ky/}of, pbf;Lk'/, r'xf, sf]6fk'/ t'N;Lk'/, b/v, /fdlzv/ emfnf,
d;'l/of, af}lgof, bf]bf]wf/f, ;fF9]kfgL 7fpFx?df yf¿x?sf] a;f]af; kfOG5 .
s}nfnL
lhNnfsf] gfdfs/0fsf ;DaGwdf ljleGg larf/x? k|:t't ePsf 5g\ . oxfF s}nfnL gfdsf]
vf]nf ePsf], o;sf] 5]pdf s}nfnL gfdsf] ufpF ePsf] / of] 7fpF la= ;+=
!(^*–!(&* ;Dd uf]Zjf/f a;]sf]n] uf]Zjf/f elgPsf]df ;f]xL cfwf/df lhNnfsf]
gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] elgG5 . wgu9Lb]lv k"a{lt/ kg{] r"/] 8fF8fsf]
km]+bLaf6 s}nfnL vf]nf pTkGg x'G5 .[3]
g]kfn
c+u|]hsf] aLrsf] o'4df k/flht eO{ ;'uf}nL ;lGwaf6 g]kfnn] cfˆgf] s"n
If]qkmnsf] Ps ltxfO{ e"efu u'dfpg' k/]sf] lyof] . ;g\ !*%& df ef/tdf
ePsf] l;kfxL lab|f]x bafpg ;xof]u u/] afkt ! gf]e]Da/ !*^) -la;= !(!&_ df
;g\ !*!^ df ;'uf}nL ;GwLaf6 u'dfPsf w]/} e"efudWo] s]xL efu afFs], alb{of,
s}nfnL / s+rgk'[/ lkmtf{ kfPsf] lyof] . o;/L $$ aif{;Dd g]kfnsf] e"efuaf6
clUnO{ k'gM g]kfnsf] cv08 e"uf]ndf ;dfj]z ePsf] If]qnfO{ gofF d'n's elgG5
.[4]
o;/L
lkmtf{ ePsf] hUuf /f0ff kl/jf/sf] latf{sf] ?kdf /x] eg] agh+un /f0ffx?sf] :yfoL
cfly{s ;|f]t ag]sf lyP . l;kfxL lab|f]x bafpg ;xof]u u/] afkt h+uaxfb'/
/f0ffnfO{ % nfv ?k}ofF gub / a]nfotsf] dxf/fgLsf tkm{af6 kinghthood of the grand cross k|fKt ePsf] lyof] .
s+rgk'/
lhNnf ;'b'/ klZrf~rn If]qsf] t/fO{sf b'O{ lhNnfx? dWo]sf] klZrdL lhNnf xf] .
of] lhNnfdf klg yf¿x?sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] kfOG5 . ;g\ !*^) kl5 of] lhNnf …gofF
d'n'sÚ sf] ?kdf g]kfndf cfa4 ePsf] xf] . afO;] rf}la;] /fHo /x]sf avt 8f]6L
/fHosf] l;df If]qdf of] lhNnf kb{Yof] .
dNnL dfn / tNnL dfnsf] gfdaf6 lrlgg] o; lhNnfsf] If]q klg s}nfnL lhNnfs}
If}qleq ;dfa]z lyof] . kl5 …gofF d'n'sÚ ag]kl5 of] lhNnf gofF lhNnfsf] ?kdf
lrlgg yfNof] . gofF lhNnf ag]kl5 o; lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd >Lk'/ ufla;sf]
a]nf}/Ldf /x]sf] / ;f]xL a]nf}/L glhssf] sGh gfdsf] ufpFaf6 s+rgk'/ lhNnfsf]
gfdfs/0f ePsf] eGg] s]xL Oltxf;sf cWo]tfx?sf] egfO{ /x]sf] 5 . @)!( ;fndf
s+rgk'/sf] ;b/d'sfd dx]Gb|gu/ 3f]if0ff eof] .[5] xfn dx]Gb|gu/ eLdbQ gu/ gfddf kl/jt{g
ePsf] 5 .
;'b'/
klZrdsf kxf8L lhNnfx?df cGg cfk"lt{ ug{] e08f/sf] ?kdf s}nfnL;Fu} s+rgk'/
lhNnf klg xf] . o; lhNnfsf] k"a{df s}nfnL, pQ/df 88]Nw'/f / blIf0f /
klZrddf ef/tsf] pQ/ k|b]z / pQ/f~rn /fHox? kb{+5g\ . of] lhNnf @*°#@Ú pQ/b]lv @(° *Ú pQ/ cIff+z / *)°)#Ú k'a{b]lv *)°##Ú k"a{ b]zfGt/ ;Dd km}lnPsf]
5 . [6] e"tnLo prfO{sf] lx;fan] x]bf{
of] lhNnf blIf0fdf ;d'b| ;txaf6 !^) ld6/ / pQ/df !%*@ dL6/ ;Ddsf] prfO{df
cjl:yt 5 . lhNnfsf] cf};t nDafO{ $$ lsdL k"a{klZrd / #$ lsdL pQ/ blIf0f
/x]sf] 5 . o; lhNnfdf $ j6f lgjf{rg If]qx?, ! gu/kflnsf / !( ufla;x? 5g\ .
s+rgk'/
lhNnfsf] hDdf If]qkmn !^!&$! x]S6/dWo] %(%#@ -#& k|ltzt_ x]S6/
v]tLof]Uo tyf **@)) -%% k|ltzt_ x]S6/ agh+un / vf]nfgfnf 5 eg] !$))( -* k|ltzt_
cGo e"efu, efj/sf] e"efu / t/fO{ d}bfg u/L # efudf laefhg u/]/ x]g{
;lsG5 . hnafo'sf] b[li6sf]0fn] r'/] ka{tLo >[+vnf afx]s cGo If]qdf pi0f tyf
pkf]i0f vfnsf] xfjfkfgL kfOG5 / tfkqmd
clwstd $#° ;]= / cf};t tfks|d #)=%° /x]]sf] kfOG5 . **,@)) x]S6/ ag If]q dWo] cf/If If]q #),%)) x]S6/ -#%
k|ltzt_ /x]sf] 5 .[7]
s+rgk'/
lhNnfdf yf¿ hfltsf] a;f]af; eLdbQ gu/ klnsf, b}hL, emnf/L, lkknf8L, s[i0fk'/,
b]vte'nL, >Lk'/, a]n8fF8L, /fdk'/, lanf;Lk'/, /}sjf/ larjf, ;'8f, afO;]
larjf, lqe'jg a:tL, a]N8fF8L, /f}t]nL larjf nufotsf 7fpFdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
o;
lhNnfsf k|d'v ko{6sLo If]qx?df z'SnfkmfF6f cf/If, 6gsk'/ Aof/]h, a|Dxb]j d08L,
lai0f' dlGb/, dxfsfnL gbLsf] rfFbgL bf]wf/f hf]8\g] emf]n'Ë] k'n, a]bsf]6 tfn,
lemnldnf tfn, ;fs]t wfd nufot kb{+5g\ .
s+rgk'/
lhNnfsf k|d'v ahf/x?df eLdbQ gu/ ahf/, a]nf}/L, bf]wf/f, rfFbgL, lqe'jg a:tL,
>Lk'/ /x]sf] kfOG5 . o; lhNnfdf ;]tL, dxfsfnLsf laleGg kxf8L lhNnfx?df ;fy}
b]zsf laleGg 7fpFaf6 cfP/ dflg;x? a;f]af; u/]sfn] ldl>t ;+:s[ltsf] k|efj
kfOG5 .
cGg
/ kfgLsf] e08f/ s}nfnL, s+rgk'/ lhNnfaf6 kxf8L lhNnfx?df oftfoft / cfjfthfjt
ug{] sfo{ dflg;x?n] ul//xG5g\ . ;Dks{ ;"rgf / ;f+:s[lts ;Dks{sf b[li6n] oL
lhNnfx?n] ;Dk"0f{ ;'b'/ klZrdsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf 5g\ .
@=@ yf¿ hfltsf] kl/ro
yf¿
zAbsf] Jo'TklQ / cy{sf ;DaGwdf laleGg ts{ lbPsf] kfOG5 . cfh;Dd k|fKt hfgsf/L /
36gfsf] cWoogaf6 logLx?sf] af/]df s]xL hfgsf/L lng] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . o; qmddf
laleGg ljåfgx?n] laleGg b[li6sf]0fx? k|:t't u/]sf] kfOG5 . yf¿ zAbsf] pTklQaf/]
larf/ ug{]dWo] s'g}n] ;+:s[tsf] …:yf:g'Ú zAbaf6 s'g}n] a'4 wd{sf] Ps zfvf
:yla/sf] …:y]/Ú zAbaf6 s'g}n] …:y'/Ú zAbaf6 s'g}n] yf¿x? …yf/f]Ú -tnf gkf6]sf]
3/ _ df a:g] x'gn] …yf/f]Ú zAbaf6 / s'g}n] /}yfg] cy{df 7fn' -u|fd k|d'v_
zAbaf6 o;sf] pTklQ ePsf] dfGb5g\ .
hgsnfn
zdf{sf cg';f/ zfSoj+zLx? df :ylj/afbL ;Dk|bfosf dflg;x? …:ylj/Ú sxlnGy] /
o;}sf] ljs[t ?k yf¿ ePsf] xf] . 6]sgfy uf}tdsf cg';f/ yf¿ zAb ;+:s[taf6 cfPsf]
xf] . pgsf cg';f/ ;+:s[t Aofs/0fdf …yj{Ú wft' k'lnË, Psargdf …yjf{0fÚ :qL lnËdf
…yj{0fLÚ k|of]u x'G5 . o;/L yjf{jf6 …yf¿Ú / yj{0fLaf6 …y?gLÚ ePsf] xf] .
yjf{sf] cy{ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf{] 7fpFdf ;g'{ cyjf :yfoL 3/jf/ agfP/ ga:g] xf] .
s}nfnLl:yt :yfgLo hldGbf/ gGbnfn rf}w/Lsf cg';f/ yf¿x? sf]l/ofaf6 cfO{ adf{df
a;], adf{sf dfG5]n] kz' egL n]v]6]kl5 ef/tsf] …yf/Ú df cfP ToxLaf6 yf¿ elgof] .
@=# yf¿x?sf] d"n:yfg tyf k|;f/
yf¿
hfltsf] d"n:yfg tyf ltgsf] k|;f/sf ;DaGwdf laleGg ljåfgx?n] cfcfˆg} ts{
k|:t't u/]sf] kfOG5 . Clif s]za/fh /]UdLsf cg';f/ yf¿x? pQ/ k|fGtaf6 laleGg
sf/0fn] a;fO{ ;/L t/fO{ e]sdf cfPsf x'g\ . d]lbgLk|;fb zdf{sf cg';f/ ef/tdf
d';ndfgsf] cfqmd0fkl5 /fhk'tx? !@ cf} ztfAbLlt/ g]kfn k;]sf x'g\ t/ oL
egfO{nfO{ /fdk|;fb /fosf] egfO{n] v08g u5{ . pgsf cg';f/ bfª pkTosfsf cToGt
k|tfkL /fhf …b+u} e';fO{Ú yf¿ lyP . b+u} e';fO{ gfdfls+t d'b|f g]kfnsf] dw]zdf
dfq geO{ ef/tsf] uf]/vk'/, uf]G8f, ax/fOr, b/e+uf, rDkf/0f cflb lhNnfdf ;d]t
k|rlnt lyP . bfªsf] ;'sf}/f u9Ldf b+u} e';fO{ yf¿ /fhfsf] /fhdxn lyof] . To;
lsNnfsf] cjz]if clxn] klg kfOG5 .
of]uL
g/xl/gfyn] pNn]v u/]cg';f/ cfo{3f6 gfy]Zj/ hnxl/sf] ;+at\ $^& sf] l;nfkqsf]
ls/ftfxf8 a+zjnL laa/0fdf …yf¿ /fhf b+fËÚ eGg] c+z :ki6 b]lvG5 . csf{] Ps egfO{
cg';f/ bfª pkTosfaf6 8uf}/f yf¿x? k"a{ klZrd km}lnPsf x'g\ . Oltxf;
lz/f]dlk0f afa'/fd cfrfo{sf cg';f/ klg yf¿x?sf] d"n 3/ g]kfnleq ePsf]
kfOG5 . yf¿x? sfxfaf6 cfP eGg] ;DaGwdf yf¿x?s} k/Dk/fut egfO{ o; k|sf/ kfOG5 M
/fdrGb| >Ln+sfaf6 kms{bf yf¿x? pg}sf ;fy cfPsf lyP . /fdrGb|sf]
:juf{/f]x0fkl5 cfof]Wo phfl8Psfn] pQ/L e]stkm{ xfnsf] g]]kfnsf] gofF d'n'slt/
-afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL, s+rgk'/_ cfP . ToxfF h+un ;lsO{ pTkft a9]kl5 bfªdf
cfpg] / bfªdf h+un ;lsP km]l/ gofF d'n'slt/ kmls{g] ub{y] . o; k|sf/n] oL hfltx?
g]kfndf k|a]z u/]sf x'g\ .
;j{k|yd
bfªdf yf¿x? slxn] k;]sf x'g eGg] ;do lgwf{/0fsf nflu alnof cfwf/ vf;} geP tfklg
6]sgfy uf}tds} egfO{df a'jf -Ogf/_ vGbf ^–& xft ulx/f] hldgd'lg / $–% ;o
aif{ k'/fgf] dflgg] ;fnsf ?v ePsf agleq klg &–* xft ulx/fO{df kfOg] yf¿a:tLsf
cjz]ifaf6 tyf sf7df08f};Ddsf yf¿n] cfˆgfk"a{hnfO{ bfªaf6 ToxfF -sf7df08f}_
uPsf] atfpg] x'gfn] / pQ/ ef/tsf] /fhgLlts cj:yfn] klg ljs|dsf] t];|f] ztfAbLdf
b]pv'/Lsf] af6f] u/L bfªdf k;]sf / kl5 t/fO{ / leqL dw]z afFs], alb{of, ;'v{]t,
s}nfnL, s+rgk'/ cflb lhNnfdf a;fO{;/fO{ ub{} cfPsf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .[8] bfªsf]
yf¿ /fhwfgL ;'sf}/fu9L j/k/ s]xL tfdfsf d'b|fx? kfOPsfn] klg yf¿sf] d"n
ynf] bfª ePsf] bfaL ug{ ;lsG5 . yf¿x? bfª pkTosfaf6 g]kfnsf] k"jL{ klZrd
tyf blIf0fL If]qlt/ km}lnPsf x'g\ . yf¿x?sf] bfªaf6 klZrdlt/ a;fO{;/fO{ ug{]
k|lqmof oyfjt kfOG5 . s}nfnLl:yt :yflgo hldgbf/ gGbnfn rf}w/Lsf egfO{df yf¿
sf]l/ofaf6 adf{af6 cfP / adf{sf dfG5]n] kz' egL n]v]6]kl5 ef/tsf] …yf/Ú df cfP
ToxLaf6 …ufÚ elgof] . km]l/kl5 …yf/Ú af6 a;fO{ ;/fO{sf qmddf bªbª eGg] yf¿
gf/fo0f3f6 x'Fb} bfFdf h+un km8fgL u/L a;]sf x'gfn] bfª elgof] . a;fO{ ;/fO{sf
qmddf t/fO{sf] k"aL{–klZrd e"efu l;/fxf, ?kGb]xL, s}nfnL, afFs],
alb{of, ;'v{]t cflb ljleGg 7fpFdf a;f]af; ub{} cfP, h;n] ubf{ :yfg}lkR5] yf¿x?sf]
efiff klg km/s x'g uPsf] kfOG5 .
h]
eP klg yf¿ g]kfnL e"lddf a;f]af; ug{] k'/fgf] hflt xf] / cGo hflteGbf 5'§}
;+:s[lt klxrfg ePsf] Ps kl/>dL Pjd\
dxTjk"0f{ g]kfnL hflt xf] egL klxrfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
g]kfndf
/x]sf] /fgf, s7l/of, lrtf}lgof / sf]lrnf u/L kfFr k|sf/sf yf¿x?df s}nfnL /
s+rgk'/l:yt yf¿x? 8+uf}/f, /fgf / s7l/of yf¿x?sf] ld>0fsf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . yf¿x?
t/fO{sf ljleGg 7fFpdf 5l/P/ a;] klg pgLx?sf] ;+:s[lt jf ;+:sf/ ldNbf]h'Nbf]
kfOG5 . cfˆg} kl/>d -v]tL_ ug{
/dfpg] yf¿ hfltsf] cGo hflt;Fusf] ;fdflhs 5nkmn, ef]het]/, ljleGg ;ef ;df/f]x,
uf]i7Ldf Tolt ;xefuL gePsf]n] logLx?sf] nf]s;flxTodf df}lnstf sfod} 5 . t/
lnlvt ;flxTosf] ljsf; Tolt kl/:s[t ePsf] b]lvb}g . lzIff, ;+rf/sf] cefj / ul/aL
cflb sf/0fn] ;flxTo If]qdf vf;} k|ult ePsf] kfOFb}g .
8+uf}/f
yf¿x? bfªaf6 cfP/ s}nfnL, s+rgk'/af6 cfP/ a;f]af; u/]sf] ePtf klg /fgf yf¿ /
s7l/of yf¿ ef/tsf] pQ/ k|b]zsf laleGg 7fpFaf6 cfP/ oL 7fpFdf a;f]af; u/]sf]
kfOG5 . s}nfnL lhNnfdf 8+uf}/f, /fgf, / s7l/of yf¿sf] a;f]af; kfOG5 eg] s+rgk'/
lhNnfdf 8+uf}/f / /fgf yf¿sf] a;f]af; kfOG5 .
@=$ ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLt
;'b"/
klZrdf~rnsf gf} cf]6f lhNnfdWo] s}nfnL / s+rgk'/df yf¿x?sf] a;f]af; kfOG5 .
s}nfnL / s+rgk'/df a;f]af; ug{] yf¿x?df 8+uf}/f, /fgf / s7l/of u/L tLg k|sf/sf
5g\ .
yf¿
nf]suLtx¿ lgDgk|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ .
@=$=! /fgf yf?sf] kl/ro
/fgf
yf? s}nfnL, s+rgk'/df a;f]af; ug{] 8+uf}/f kl5sf] k|d'v yf? hflt xf] . logLx?
ef/t x'Fb} g]kfn k;sf x'g\ . t/fO{df nfdf] ;dob]lv a;f]af; ub{} cfPsf] /fgf
yf?sf] cfkm\g} vfn] ;+:s[lt /x]sf] kfOG5 .
logLx?
cfkm"nfO{ ef/tsf /fhf dxf/f0ff k|tfksf] ;Gtfg ePsf] atfpF5g\ . [9]
cNk;+Vos
/ clzlIft x'g'sf] sf/0f vf;} k|ult ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . j}jflxs ;DaGw, /xg;xg
/ ;+:s[ltsf lx;fan] g]kfn / ef/tsf
/fgfx? Pscsf{;Fu glhs 5g\ . g]kfnsf cGo 7fpFdf /fgfx?sf] a;f]af; vf;} kfFOb}g .
/fgfx¿sf]
uLt;Fu} g[To klg hf]l8P/ cfpF5 . 38f gfrdf sflt{s dlxgfdf lkt[x?sf] >f4 ubf{
:d/0f ug{] p2]Zon] g[To ul/G5 . lememL uLt dlxnfsf] kj{x?sf] ?kdf dgfOG5 . efb|
dlxgfb]lv sflt{s;Dd lememL dgfOG5 . afns hGd]sf] 5}7f] lbgdf 57L uLt ufpg] rng
5 . d+;L/, k'; / df3df /fgfx? ljjfx ug{] ub{5g\ . of] ljjfxdf logLx? ljjfx uLt
ufpg] ub{5g\ . ;fpgdf dlxnfx?n] tLh dgfp]g u5{g\ . tLhdf tLh ;DaGwL uLt ufpF5g\
. r}q, a}zfv, h]7 / c;f/df xGg gfr gfRg] ul/G5 . o; cj;/df k'?ifx?n] gfRg]
ufpg] sfd ub{5g\ .
/fgfx?
xf]nL xiff]{Nnf;sf ;fy dgfpg] u5{g\ . kmfu'g–r}q dlxgfel/ logLx? o'jfo'atL
ldn]/ xf]nLdf gfrufg u5{g\ . s[i0ffi6dLdf s[i0f;DaGwL uLtx? ufpg] ul/G5 . To:t}
u/L afx|df;], rt'{df;] uLtx? klg ufOG5 . ;[li6;Fu ;DalGwt hndf}6L klg logLx?
ufpg] ub{5g\ .
@=$=@ /fgf yf¿sf nf]suLtx¿
xf]nL /fdfo0f
clx
uaL{ sGy xd/L sxL gf dfgL .
s+rg
u9k'/ s/} ktL sGy xdf/ pTtd
hft t'Dxf/L h/f dfn'd gfP k'n]:t d'gL sf]
tftL v/
3";0f s'Dx h}/fhf a}/fgL
clx
uaL{ sGy . ! .
kG8Lt
cwdUofgL t'd} s5' dfn'd
gfP
lawL a|Dxf l;jz+s/ ;fO{ n5Lldg /fd
kf/jtL ;f]O{ ;Ltf ;'/hg
sL hf]t hf]t h'un gxL hfgL
clxujL
sGy . @ ..
Ps ;d]
lkof hgsk'/L x'jf v}rL x} k}h
b];klt
;a a}7] /;'j;L s'Dx jL; d'hfn rjfP
e'/ xl/of /ft rf]/L txL efu] eO{ l;+u ;]
of/ 8f/
km'n s'Dxnfg] clx . # .
jnL sf]
an chdfpg s] kDkfk'/ hfo x'gf
lkof d} ahf{] h}k'/ dt hfcf] ks/ sf] vd} bfjL
dlxdf
5fof; c+ub v]ofn /ofO tx' cfO{
gf nfh
s/f] b"wsf] kfgL . $ .
k'/g
la|Dx ;}a]/] k/f] eLdf];} nfP k't /xf] gf gftL
cf}xtL
gP s};] s/f} lbg /ftL ;Ltf s} nfcf]
/fh d'8
;} df/f] ;"d} sx' gfP afx' sf] d'hfp
5fgf]
clxuaL{ jfxfF ks/ nf]6f/ bcf} eOof s] hfcf] . % .
e]vg
w/n} eeL;0f hf]8L n}uf} x} r'/fP
gf sfx'
klxrfgL clxuaL{ . 5 .
kmf]/
kftfnf cyfx ucf] n} s} pl8 hfcf} n+sf
5f]8
knsf tf]n} b'O{ uf} rf]/ pems xg"
ha b]v}
;"gf][ ;'s wfd cf;dfg eO{ af0fL clxua|L . & .
efg"
lvng sL df]/ eO{ w/ k/ sL k"5 ha
hd sfb/
tf]/L uh b} x} k5f/ hfP s} d7Lof d} ufh{]
c+hgLsf]
nfn ;a n+sf kmfx /fgL clx/aL .* .
rGbL
w;s kftfn uO{ w/ ckgL e]; sfg hL
d ;a
sf6L k"hf n] x} vfP
ta cxL
/fj0f cfcf] an sg s}nfP
bfgf]
an sn} uf]8L bf] d':6s df/
uh s}
dl7of km]sL clxuaL{ . ( .
df]/
efcf] ku8f/ rnf] clx/fa0f
kf; t'd
xL eP d]/] a}/L d]/f] cf}/g sO{ ;'v b'v
;a
atnfP h/f ;} ;a xfn ha ;} hfg'sL
nfP ;'s
kfcf] gfP s};] s/f] d]/] dfO{ clxuaL{ . !) .
ppgL
k|;] pt/ rn] /3f}tL /hfP af/] s] ldq
xdf/]
bns] ;/bf/ t'd xf] g] kfa rjfcf] ca
xf]p
xf}:ofP hf] hf] c+5/ e"nf} nLntf gfcf] .
w"d
s/f] ceLdfgL clxuaL{ . !! .
ha ehg
s} x's'd s/f] uhnfjf} ;hfP p++6 t'/+ut lvRr/
c/]
d'ub/ sL x} df/ ;a nsf
em'sL
cfP ;a t/ cf]/ gf/ s'Ees/g
s] pk|
dlrofO{ b}bf x} ta hfuf] /]bfgL clxuaL{ .!@ .
dlb/f
kfg sL arg s/f] d'gL s6x/
ls|w ha e}of ;] af]nf] nfjf} lx6sfP
b; s+3
;} jf]nf] d] b]cf] eufP
cflg s}
hfgL /fgL clxuaL{ . !# .
ha
lg/;+lst sf]k lscf] nf} vu{ p7fP
OGb|
e"k d'gL afFw] d]g] hd sfP
kdg kq
d]/] s}bL xfd lvrt k} /fj0f gfd xdf/f]
df]xf
/fvf} aGb 5f]8 b]cf] hjfgL clxuaL{ . !$ .
w'd guu
k} a}9 ucf]nf] vDe p8fP
nf]u
w"k lwp n}s] bf] x'Dd /rfP O; sGy u9 n+sf 8/ sfx] sf]
df]P sfx] /fgL wj8fgL u8jfP bf] lg;fg sf]6 b]jh
;a l/;
d'lg cf]/ ar/ efn' /fd s] bdg kfP gn
cf] gLns] /d wf]a/ a/h}
ca s};]
xf]P nfn whf sx/fgL clxuaL{ .
e/tsL
af/xdf;L
x/L x/
l;d/] efO{ s/d /]3 gf
ld6}
s/f] rfx nfvf} rt'/fO{ .
. r}q .
r}t kL5n] /fdgjdL sf] hgd lncf],
cjbk'/L ;v wfd ;vL ldnd+un
rf/ lscf] , va/ ha h;/b g] kfO{ ,
lbcf] bfg uh/fh uf}t lbg wf]/L sL
AofgL , cfo'Wof km"ng ;] 5fO{ s/d /]3 . ! .
. a}zfv .
nut v]d a}zfv s] sxL afj/ s/
8f/L e/t sx} s/ hf]/ gfy t'd xd;L
kxfFtf/L b'Sv ;a gu/L sf] lbgf]
j] lt/uf}sL gfy t}g] Ogs} ag"af;
lsof s'dtL tf}P P;L ag cfO{ s/d /]3 . @ .
. h]i6 .
h]7 kr ldn sx} e/t sf] u2L a}7f/L,
et{ sx} s/ hf]/ gfy df]P u/bg dt
df/f}, e/t sx} s/ hf] gfy ef]P ub{ dt df/f}
;/fgf Og sfgf j} lt/nf] sL gfy /fd
x} co'Wof s] /fhf atfP ;as dg efO sd /]3 gf ld6} .# .
. c;f9 .
c;f9 cf;f /fd ldng sL dg d} nfu /xL,
/fd sf]g ag uP aftP ef/t aft sxL
gu/ s] ;axL g/gf/L, /y3f]8f uhsfh
eL/ dO{ ef/t;Fu gbL h};] ;fu/ sf] wfO{ s/d /]3 . $ .
. ;fjg .
;fjg e/t eLnk'/ kx'r] eO{ ef/L, dLng
s6s hf]/ bn ;fhL n8g] sf] Aof/L , e/t
;] k'5 s] /f/ s/f} /fd nl50f x} l;of
sf/hL u9 s} h4f e/f} hf] ef/t g] kfO{
s/d /]3 . % .
. efbf} .
efbf} e/t eLn /] e]6] e/t hfg dg d}
sGbd"n kmn km"n e/t hL e]6 s/L dgd} ,
lk|/fu sL b'lgof p7 wfO{, lk/fu /fh sL b/;g s/s}
;a g} ;'v kfO{ s/d /]3 gf . ^ .
. sf]jfF/ .
sf]jfF/ sL dlxdfgL d'gL g] k'5} s';ntf
bf]p s/ hf]/ s/L k}s/df sf}l;n
dftf, xdf/] lhps] ;'v/f;L , OtgL aft}
;'gL d'lgj/ cfl;v /b{ lbcf] eg{sL
dftf ;demfO{ s/d /]3 . & .
. sflts .
sflts s'r lk/fu ;} lsgL lrq cf]7
cfP, ansn rf]/ h/f l;/ ;f]x} /fd
5l5g kfP dt r/gg d} hfO lu/],
et{ p7fP /fd p/ nf g}gg
gL/ em/], et{ t'd e}of ;'vnfO{
s/d /]3 . * .
. cuxg .
cuxg af/Daf/ e/tsf] /u'j/ ;demfO{,
e/t nf}t 3/ hfcf] /fh t'd s/f} ch'Wof
d}, nf]u ;axL ;'v kfjd]+u] rf}w]
a|; aLt ha hfj} ta xd cfeu] ,
et{ sf] P];] ;d'emfO{ sd{ /]3 gf . ( .
. k'; .
k';df; l;of /fd nl50f ;Fu h'/ uO{
eL/ ef/L hgs a;]:6 u'? ;demfd}
sx} ckgL ckgL e/t g] lalGt ax' sLgL
/fd k|;Gg ha eP v8fpm ef/tsf} bLgL
pN6 3/ hfpm e/t efO{ s/d /]3 gf . !) .
. dfx .
df3 dgfcf] df; /fdg] ;'s kfcf], emgg
emgg k'/ d} kx'rfcf] tf] e/t ch'Wof
d} v8fp u2L 3/ bLgL, /fdrGb| ;]
s7g tk:of e/t g] sLgL, a8fO{ PxL
d} kfO{ s/d /]3 . !! .
. kmfu'g .
kmfu'g df; x/L ;a ;Ltf /fj0f a; sLgL,
/fj0f df/] n+s h/fP /fh edLi0f s}
bL gL ;a ;gsfbLs cbL a|Dxflbs cflb
;a xL h'/ cfP, /fdsf} u2L a}9f/L /]3 . !@ .
. nf}b .
nf}b ;fn cf;f9 sL nf}8} sflts lux{0f k/f] df}hf
huGgfy g] /fd /fd prf/L et{ sL
ox af/jdf;L k9} ;'g}
k/Dkb kfj} s6} hNd kmfF;L
a]bd] P];L xf] ufO{ s/d /]3 gf . !# .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L &, dg]x/f
rt'/df;L
-5f]6L s'jhf _
a8f] lg/df]xL ;}of xd s} Tofu bLgL
s'jhf ;} x] t -s/n]_ ;fdfg ;'gL lkof
lagf /] ebf] lkof w/gf xL sf] jf/ s/f/
s/L lkof xd;} sflts s'jhL s] ;Fu uP
/] s'jhf ;] .! .
cuxg ;lvof ;f]o
s/t x} k'; lkof kmfu'g x'l/fo sf}g ;+u
v}nf} . @ .
r}t df; km"nL jg /}of
a};fs] kmn wL/f h]7 hf] afn k/ d]/
tg d} c;f8] wg uh{ /x]6] . # .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L &, dg]x/f
;hgfsL af/xdf;L
c;9 df; h] h'/] af lbnf ;fdg jif{}
uDeL/ efbf} a'b a8] a8] a/;] wL/
w/} gfhL/f . ! .
sf]jf/ d}tfn sdn hn sflts lg/dn
gL/f cuxg d}h] ;Lt k/t x} y/
y/ sfFk] ;/L/f . @ .
k'; df; ha nfu ;vL/fL xfFx nut /v
bLgf kmfu'g x'l/of sf}g ;Fu v]nf] x'n;
km'n; xf]P lhof/f . # .
r}t df; km"n ag /}of a}zfv] kmn wL/f
h]7 df; lawnL agL x} n]v lnv] wgwf]/ . $ .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L &, dg]x/f
sf}l;Nnf sL a/x
c/] sf]l;Nnf d}of ;f]r w/} /] dgd} c;
df; ha h'/] aflxnf ;fdg a'b ;'xfP
efbf} a'b a8] a/;} eLhg x'P x}
/3'aL/ xdf/] ;f]r .! .
sf]jf/ d] stf sxf lj;f/L sflts sGy
la;f/L cuxg d} h] ;Lt k/t x} chx'
g cfP /u'aL/ xdf/] ;f]r s/]/} . @ .
k'; df; ha nfu ;vL/L dfx xfp
kmfu'g x'df/L l/of sf}g ;Fu v]nf} chb'
gf cfP /3'aL/ xdf/] . # .
r}t df; km"n] ag /}of a};fv] kmn
wL/f st saL/ ;'gf] efO ;fwf}
h]i6 ldn} /u'aL/f . $ .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L &, dg]x/f
uLt ÷ x/LrGb| syf .
. ;fvL .
cjwk'/L Ps gu/ x} hxfF lgk{ c;yfg
syf sxf} d} x/LrGb| sL ;''g ;Hhg
lrtnfO{ . ! .
wd{sfh sf/g] cjbk'/L
xl/rGb| wd{ ahf/ nufjxL k|hf s}
;'v b]g . @ .
k'tnL Ps lasg] s} cfO{
x} uxs' sf]O gfP ;f]emsfn s] avt
d} cfO{ /fh bf]jf/ . # .
ha /fhf p7
sxt x} sL sxf] k'tnL sf] df]n} sxf
sxf} k'tnL aft} xd;] sx'P gf hfo . $ .
k}h .
;thL t]x/L rGb| hj/ Ps ;t lht] xl/rGb| . s .
klxn] kxf/] s/d h] cfP lgk{tL s/} ksf/} . rf .
ldng]xf]o t ldnt] /fhf
km]/g ldngf] xf]o ha/ . ! s .
b';f] kxf/]
n5dL cfP lgkf{tL s/} ksf/} ldng] xf]o
ldnn] /fhf km]/g ldngf] xf]o ha/ . @ s .
@ s
lt;] kxf/ wd{ h] cfP lgkftL s/} ksf/} rf
ldng]
xf]P t ldnu] /fhf
km]/g
ldngf] xf]P ha/ # s .
;t lhg 5f]8} ;/df
;Tt ;tf
uP gfxL . rf .
;tsL
afFwL s/d n5fdL
s]/f}
ldn+uL cfP .$.
;fw'g
s] ;'t ;+u ;gf}
/]
xl/rGb| syf .s.
hxfF
;fw' hxfF ;+t ;n lag eutL
gf
xf]O{ lag wd{ wg gfP
bfg lag
d'stL gf xf]O{ .la.
;Tt}
;ft ;/f lxP lavdf ;tsn xf]P rf
;Tt a8]
xl/rGb| /hfs]
;t lhg
5f]8f} cfP . !s .
sx}
hfug ;demfP ;'gf} ca ;tsL sxfgL
las] kq
/f}tf; las]
/fhf
cf]/ /fgL lasf] /fgL
dbgf
ktL las] kq /f}tf; . r .
lhgs]
/ch k|hf xl/rGb| OGb|
dgd}
e}dfgL la;'jf n]t a'nfP] sx} .
OGb|d'gL
UofgL . la .
;f}df
Ps afFsL /xL ;'gf} la;' ;] leq . rf .
k'/f]+ hu ha} x'O{ h}x] n]o /] OGb|sf] /fh . #
s .
ha
la;'jf h] sx} ;gf} OGb| hnwf/L t'd/f]
b'v x/
n]cf] hfP] s ;t} lbdfuf] . la .
sf d;nf
xl/rgb| sf] l5gd} b]p lbufP] . rf .
hfpg
la;'jf cjwk'/L s} hfpg ;Tt l8cfcf} . $ s .
ha
la;'jf 5n s/L b]x ckgL /]
l5kfO{
a|Dx d's6 n] xft cfg
5lnof
;] 8f]n} . lj .
cwj/ d}
h] kx'r s} 3/} a|xd sf] e]v . rf .
km"njf/L
xl/rGb| /hf sL cfg kx'r] e'k . % s .
km"njf 8f/L tf]/ va} km"jf/L phf/L
g/+uL
;xt't
gfl/on cfwf] ef/L . lj .
a]nf rd]nL s]6sL snL /xL d'/ emfP] . rf .
Ps k]8
bf}gf sf] 5f]8L ;f]jft kfP k;f/ . 5 s .
ha dfnL
h] rn] hfP km"njf/L cfP la5L k/L
km"n
afu k]8 Psf} gf 5f]8L . la .
nf}u
;'kf/L s]6sLsnL /xL d'emf{k . rf .
dfnL
efh x'jf kxrL ;a /fhf sf] k'sf/} . & s .
ha
dfnf] p7 sx} ;'gf} /fhf d]/f] aft} x} t]/f] /fhf cfg
af6sf
;a} phf/L a]nf rd]nf]
s]6sL
sfnf] /xL d'/emfP . rf .
Ps k]8
bf}gf sL 5f]8L ;f]jt kP k;f/ . * s . \
;hf
a]/f eO{ bf]; sfx' s}gf
bLhf}
guf e'vf xf]P ;a{ afx' sL nLhf} . la .
hf dfnL
3/ cfkg] t'd h}of] c;yfgf . rf .
ef]/
xft /aL ls/0f k;f}/] b]vf} a|Dx anjfg . (s .
;'/hsnf
c;dfg ;'/h pwf} tk sLgL df?b]t hfP
gu/
s]nf] uhf] wfP ;+v aht bn
rnL
ecf] kx'rf] dl/hfP . rf .
lh;s]
;d'x] lgs6 hfPuf] hLt gBf 8f} cfh . !) s .
dg dg
a|Dx ;f]r} dgs} s/} larf/ jxfF ;f]rO . la .
dg dg
s/} larf/ a|Dxf efhf lhk
;df]x]
3/d /fvL s/tf/ . !!s .
ha /fhf
h] sx} lxof Ps a/xf lanf]O{
ha}
lak| p7 sx} xLFof xdx' hfn xf]O . la .
3/L Ps
nfuL /xL xd cfP k|eL x+bfP . rf .
ptf/f}
gf /fh s/f} hnd+hg pt/f} g t'/t lbdg . !@ s .
haxL
ljk| p7 sx} cabk'/ wfdg sf]hf} gfd
;'tL
xl/rGb| bfu sf] x} clwsf/L . la .
jg{
hf]u sGof eO{ ax't ;Ln l;t dfcf] . rf .
rnf}
ljk/ ca ;fy xdf/} b]cf] srg sf] bfg . !# .
s'GhL
cf}/ nufd Og] ;+sNk sLhf]
kf5]
bLhf] bfg hf]O{ dg OR5f xf]O{ . lj .
s'GhL
cf}/ nufd sL k'gL ;+sNk s/fP . r .
km]/
bl5gf d} dfuL x} sGrg ;f7f} ef/ . !$ s .
ha /fhf
h] uP u5L sf] ;'k/; sLgf cfk
uP
/gaf; hxfF t/fjt /fgL . la .
;f]g]
l;uf/g 8f/ s} cf]k} 9f]/} Aof/ . rf .
s};]
abg dnL t'Dxf/] km"n ;] /x] s'DxnfP . !%s .
ha /fhf
p7 sx} ;'g} /fgL d]/L aft]
5ns/ s}
Ps lak| ;a} h] wg x/nLgf] . la .
;f7 ef/
sGrg dfuL x} kf;g Ps 5bd . rf .
tLgf}
lk/fgf] lasg rn+u] rnf} /] lak| s]kf; . !^s .
tLgf}
k|f0fL uP hfP a|Dxg s] gL/] a]r
n]cf]
dxfhg sh{ ckgf] e/ nLcf] . la .
rnf}
hNb sf;L rnf} 5f]8f] caw sf] /fh . rf .
tLgf}
k|f0fL rn] lasg s} sf;L s} rn] hfP . !& s .
kx'r]
sf;L hxfF sfn' rn cfP cl/of
s}b]O
a]r ef/ h]aL; ;dxf/L . la .
k'q
/fgL la/fDxg lncf] ef/ rfnL;f] b]k . rf .
/fgL
hne/g] sf] ;f}kL km"n k'q ;}n]g . !* s .
;'kr
;Fu xl/rGb| nO{ d/3/ la;'jf kx'r] ;hg s] kf; . !(s .
xdx}
g]x+ccltLt ef]hg ax' lbg sf] vfP
bof 3/d
t]/f] f]O t efhg b]cf] lhdfO . la .
;tt'
c;/0f s/t x} lg/f cxf/ xl/rGb| . rf .
rfln;
lbg Aoltt s/t x} 5bg uP s'DxnfP . @) s .
ptsfn
sf] gL/ e/g xl/rGb| kx'Fr]
Ot/fgL
sf] g]l/e/g kG8t sf] cfO . la .
u+uf
hLs] 3f6 d} eO{ bfgf} sL e]6 . rf .
b'/an
sfof b]v ktf sf] /fgL a'emt aft . @! s .
ha /fgL
h][ sx} ;'gf} /fhf d]/L aft}
b'vn eO
z/L/ b'Sv tgsf}g] k|f0fL . la .
rfnL;
lbg e'v} /x] lg/f cxf/ xl/rGb| . rf .
lbg lbg
sfof ;'v hft x} rng rx t a}s'07 . @@s .
ha /fhf
h} sx} ;gf} /fgL el/ aft}
lg/an
eO{ z/L/ 38f hf] [7t x} ofxL . la .
3'/}
3}ngf gfp7} yfst dx el/b]x . rf .
hf l5g
b'v e/f} d]/] ;fdL p8g rxf]/] a}s'G7 . @#s .
Ps lbg
lj/fDx0f sx} ;'gf} afns d]l/ aft} l;jk'hg eO{ b]/
km"n
nfg] t'd gfxL . la . 5f8] bf}8f] hfOP k'hg s] lxt km"n . rf .
;'g u'?
s] af]n s'd/ hL r/gg ;f;g afP . @$ s .
ha xL
s'd/ h] rn] hfP km"njf/L kx'r]
wf/L
km"n d}{ xft s'd/ la/j w/g] vfof . la .
d"5f{
eO afns lu/] emfu /x] d'v8f/ . rf .
b'a{n
e]v w/] lj/fDx0f kx'r] /fgL l9ufcf . @%s .
xLg;]
/fgL rnL hfP km"njf/L kx'r] b]v
ans sL
?k t/fgL d"5f{ vfO{ . la .
e6
c+sf} ulxn]t x} k'q kq s/ j}g . rf .
sxf
a}/L lavw/ g] vfof] xd s} b]p atfP . @^ s .
n]g cfP
xd km"n lxof lvw/g] vfP eP
sG7 an
xLg t d'vn] hf]jgj' cfO . la .
lk|g
kv]? rn a;] aLnt ;] e} aGb . la .
;'dg
afl6sf d}h]/fgL pnt lk5f/} vfP . @& . s .
l;/sL
;f8L kmf/ k'q s} sKkmg
bf]gL rfxt x} /fhf kx'r] cfP . rf .
s/ sf]
6sf b]cf] t'd /fgL nLh bfx s/fo] . @*s .
kf; g
Ps 5ofd wd{ s};] s} /fvf}
cfwL
;f8L kmf/ kqs} sSkmg bf]gL . la .
cfwL
sf] cfwL s/L b]n /hg s] xft rfnL
ls|of
s/ /fgL h] kx'rL ;TtL s] d7 hfP . @( s .
kq ;f]s
d} k/L t /fgL cr]t} rn]
a;jf
leq ans sf] nx; p7fO{ . la .
/fgL s]
l9u hfP s} 3/L ;fdg] nf]P . #) s .
/fhf
;'gL x} ;f]/ sf]O{ 8flsg Ps cfO{
xl/of
nO{ a'nfP hfcf] uFlsg s} df/f} . la .
xLg ;]
/fhf rnf] eP kx'Fr] d7Lof hfP . rf .
xTof
l/g 8fFlsg xl/of s] km]nf k/L x}cfP . #! .
ha /fgL
p7 sx} ;'gf} /fhf d]/L gft} 5'6f]
cjb sf]
/fh 5'6] /fhf cf]/ /fgL . la .
k'q d/]
8fFlsg eO{ wGg wGg s/tf/ . rf .
df/f}
vh/ sf6f} l;/ s} t/ a}s'G7} hfcf] . #@ sf .
vh/ n]t
p7fP sf]k df/g s] sfh] w/]
rt'/
e'h ?k cfP a}s'G7 lanf;L . la .
tk t]h
wL/h s/f} xl/rGb| u'0fjfg . rf .
sf;L
cf]/ ch'Wof n} s} s/f} /} a}s'G7sf] af;L
cabk'/L
ht/L t/L ;s/ sf] af;L . la .
h}h]sf/
;sn d} xf}t} gfr} uug ladfg . rf .
/fhf
/fds] r/g sdn d} t/ a}s'7} hfcf] .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
uLt s'; nFs'/ nLnf
;'/;'t
;f}/f}/fl/bL u'/] ;g]; dgfP
/fdnl5g
;q'wg
r/f}
eOof kx'r] u'?s] kf; . ! .
ha
a];]:6 u'? sxt x} ;'g
/fwf}
d]]/] af]n c;d]wL hUu
t'd
s/x' hf;} xf]P sTofg . @ . h
/fwf} aft}
s/}sf] ;gf}g] tf]gf} efO
cab
k'/L ;hjafx' ;'gb/ e";0f
km"n
dufP . # .
hfdnt
;'u/Lg egL;0f cf}/ gn
gLn
e"kfn
a?0f
s'a]/ OGb| hdsfnf
r9 r9
cfP ladfg . $ .
ef/L
ef/L eO{ /] cab k'/ ef/L efO eO
t}lt;
sf]6 b]j h'/] cfP /fd rGb| s] bf]jf/] . r .
g]u 3/d
sx] k'sf/] xf} hgs ;Ltf 3/ gfP . !s .
la;'jf
leq aft} s/] ;'g /w'kt d]/L aft} . r .
;Ltf ?k
d0fL sL agfjf} ;'Gb| e';g ;fh cabk'/ ef/L eO{ . @ .
huu /rg
s] sfh t /3'kt s/t larf/ . s .
cfcf]
;'/k'tL a}7 s+7 cfgb u'g ufdf}
dft
lktf l;d/ ;fw'g s} gfdf} . la .
;]ofd
s/g 3f]8f t'd 5f]8f} hDd s/g s]g . @ s .
ha xf]
b]j p7 sx} ;'gf} /fwf} d]/L aft} laht gu/
Ps j;}
hxfF nj8f;' /fhf . la .
t}lt;
sf]6 b]j 8/kt x} nj8f;'/ an anjfg . r .
cf/sf]
/5; s} df/x' b]j s/}/] la; /fd . @ s .
x+;
af]n] /w'gfy ;gf} efeL
r+b
/fhf sf}g sf] x}jf k'q gfd sx'
pgsf]
df};] . la . ;f}t]nL Ps alxg x}
gfd
s'dG;L xf]P . rf .
lhgs]
klt eP dw' /fhf k'q nj8f;'/ xf]P . #s .
l;j}
s/L c3fg l;j} h] eP bofn' n} s}
rSs/
jfg b]t s] xft uxfO{ . la .
t'ddf
a]6f l;jf s/] Ps jfg n]n] cf . r .
t'd/ pq
sf]O{ eL/ k/]uL x'P x} t'd /] ;xfcf] . $ s .
gf}bf]xg
bn ;h] ;h] ;q' ;] efO w]/]
gu/ s}
hfP hxfF nj8f;'/ /fO . la .
:ofd
s/g 3f]8f t'd ;fhf]
;fhf]
;'38 agfP . rf .
hL sfO
js/} df/ gu/ b'O j;} ;'kf;f
dy'/
k'/L cf}/ laht gu/ hfg} ;+;f/f . la .
Ps gu/
h'k s]n bf]gL Ps ;'jfx' /fP . r .
bf]gf]
k'q s} x} s} c;L ;} rn] ;q'3g aL. . ^ s.
uOof ;]
saL rnL hfP ;+;f/ la/fh] ;a /fhg s} hLt
cfa
ckgf] ;a sf]Lg . la .
u+uf
kf/ Ps lk|/] slxP] s/}/] 3f]/ wd;fg . & s .
hfdjt
;'u/Ld xg' c+ub clx/sf/L h'/] x7f/L
abd /}g
bn x} clxdf/L s';n+s'; s}hLt
s} s/}
l;of ;} aft . rf .
rnf}
t'd cjbk'/L s} hUu s/}/] >L/fd . * s .
ha /fw}
p7 sx} ;'gf} ;Ltf d]/L aft} lag
df}/L
sf] hUu ca x'O{ x} s};L . la .
;Ltf
p7L l/;fP s} ;gf} ;q ;] aL/ . r .
P];]
hUu s/g s} xLt] sx] s] bP /] ag"af; . ( s .
P;] s/L
dg ;f]r ;fof tg Tofug nfuL
;as] dg
d} ;f]r
hUu ca
x'O{ 7} s;] . la .
;q wg
bf]8] l/;fP s} uxL l;ofsf] s+; . rf .
s+;
5f]8 hut d} bLgf] cfkg
uO /]
kTtfn . !)s .
l;of
uO{ kfTtfn hfP /fhf x+; bf]jf/]
xLg ;]
skL bn rnf] hfP cab k'/ cfP
. la .
d0fLsL l;of agfP s} hUu s/}sL /fd . rf .
/fd
rGb| s] r/g snd
d} t/
a}s'G7 hfcf] .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
uLt ;Ltf d+un
sx}
hfug ;L/ hfPs} sL ;'gf} ;ef s] nf]u cf/]
b'O{
sGof eO{ /fhf hgs] AofxL h;/b s] nfn . ! .
Ps ;Ltf
Ps pld{nf ?k /+u sL vfg cf6] ;Ltf
AofxL
>L /fd s] p/ldnf nl5dg sGy .
uLt
lk|wfd
;Ld/ uGg] ;t r/g dgfOP . rf .
a'w b]t
hfwf} /fo d+un ufOP . !s .
gu/
aflx/ ;/; af]n] hLt sL k/gL k'hP . rf .
cfat
k|fgn rnt kjg ;'t arg sL xl]nL ;wL gf /x} . @s .
hgsk'/L
Ps gu/ hxfF /] sGof cf}tf/L . rf .
sGof
hn;L x} rf/ ?k u'0f cfu/L . # s .
/fhf
emgs k|0f larf/L arg 6} g 6/} . rf .
hf]
sf]O{ wg'; p7fP s} tfg} ;f] Aofx} ;Ltf gf/ s} . $ s .
b]; b];
kfnL lnvL /fhf hgs bf]jf/] . rf .
;Ltf
sf] /rf] x} Aofx e"k h'/] cfjxL . %s .
b]z b]z
s] e"kh' /fhf bf]jf/] /] . rf .
hf]sf]
wg'; p7fP s} tf]/} ;f] Aofx} ;Ltf gf/s} . ^ rf .
cjbk'/L
h;/b s] 3/d afns hnd] rf/ /] r/t
et/]hf
/fd 5l6dg ax'g ?k u'0f cfu/] . s .
la;'jf
ldt/ /5; tk 6f/xL .rf.
/5kf
x]t >L/fd u'? ;Fu hfjxL . &s .
Ps ;/d}
;'jfx df/L Ps ;} df/L r/] .rf .
u'? s]
hUu k'/g s/ kx'r] hgs] jfu/] . *s .
km"n
ptf/g ;vL rnL cfO{ ;Fu d} ;Lt cfO /] . rf .
?kt
b]v} /fhf /fd t ;Lt ;s'rfgL /] . (s .
Ot x}
;Ltf gfu/ pt} ;} >L/fd /] . rf .
dfgf}
;'h{sL hf]t d+y 6f/] gf 6/} . !) s .
u'? ;]
cUof efu /fd cfu] frn] . rf .
hgs
/fhf s] bf]a/] t tLgf] k'u] . !! s .
ef/L
eL/ ckfg/ eO{ /fhf hgs bf]jf/]/] . rf .
b]v/fd
sf] ?k ;a} ;s'rfg] /] . !@ s .
w'gv
5'O{ 5'OP ;sn xf/] dg 7f8] eP . rf .
u'? ;]
cfUof dfu lgs6 /u'/fO{ rn] . !# s .
s/ sdk}
;} w'gs p7fO{ x]/} 5l5ld
al/s}
rfnL sxf} t 8f/f} tf] g km]sf} ;fu/ kf//] . !$ s .
afP rg{
;] wg'v p7fO{ blxg] s/ n}n t/] . rf .
ef}/]
t8f sf hf]/ e'DdL r/0f a}/ . !% s .
;Lt tf}
ho dfnf 8f/L ;f]ef a/gL gf hfj} /] . rf .
/fhf
dgo rtP 3/xL l;wfd}/] . !6 s .
hgs /nf
dg lk/]d kftL lnvL . r .
wfdg
rnd} cjbk'/ kx'r} /] . rf .
kx'r]
cjbk'/ hfP tfkftL bO{ . !* s .
n}s
kftL h;/b afFr] dg cg+g eP . rf .
km"n]
c+ugf ;eft} va/ dlxn gf uO{ . !( s .
eO{ /]
gu/ d} ;f]/ ;vL h/] cfjxL ..
km"nL
c+u gf ;dfj t] d+un ujxL . @) s .
s}nv
;fhL xftL 3f]8f s}nfv bn nf]u/ . rf .
s}nv
;fhL ;fhg ;dwL t ;hL xl} a/fOt . @! s .
ps nv
;fhL xftL 3f]8f b'O{ nv bn nfu/] . rf .
tLg nv
;fhL / a/fOt ;a bn pd]x] . @@ s .
rfnL x}
a/fOt ca'bk'/L ;] hgsk'/ hfjxL . rf .
u/bp8f
c; dfg af6 ;'em} gxL .!#s .
5f]6f]
u9Lof gu/ s] /fhf ax't e}of g}/] . rf .
kr/+u
3/s} ld7fO{ tf e]6 r9f d}/] cfO a/fOt
hgsk'/L
d}wf]/ u/hg ecf] . rf .
pk|36f
s/} hf]/ rds} h};] lah'nL . @%s .
n}
cudfgL hg s/gf e]6 h;/}b} bO{ . rf .
;f]g]
l;df;g 8f/ sx't cfb/ s/L . @^s .
;Ltf
b}x} /fdrGb| s} pld{nf n5Ldg bO{ . rf .
efO
s';'w'h sL sGof t e/t rt'/ bO{ . @&s .
eOof
s';wh sL sGof gfd x} df8jL . rf .
AofxL
et s}nfP blxh ax' bL gxL . @* s .
pld{nf
sL 5f]6L alxgL gfd alxgf] gfd
afsf]
;'/tL xtL . rf .
b}x}
rt'/ s} Aofx t bfg ax' bLgf] /] . @( s .
/hf hgs
sL sGof ;Ltf cf/ p/ldnf . s .
eOof
s';w'h sL sGof df8jL cf}/ ;'tL{ ls|tL{ . #)s .
rf/f}
efOof rf/f} sGof AofxL uOP cab s} . #!s.
hgsk'/L
;] rnf] avOt cjbk'/ cfd} /]
3/ 3/ d+unf n'6t x} bfg /] h} h}
sf/
w'gL xf]j} t gfr} ladfu/] . ## s .
hf]hf
d+un hfg} t uP ;'gfP . rf .
g6s'jfKt
5'6 hfP cd/ kfb kfj} /] .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
uLt t'n;f sf] d+un
;'/;'t
;f}xf} ;fl/b s7 sflnsf dfP /] cf/]
d+un
ufdf} t'n;f sf] ;as} ;L; gjfdf}/] !
lx/b]
a}7 ;'/;'tL dft u0f ktsf] s/f} ofb/] df}hf cdlnof
sf]
hfug x} lx/of] ;} sLgf] prf/} /] @
klxn]
hnd d[uf nf]rgL t'n;L gfd sxfj/] la;'g
eut
sfxf tk s/L dg d+l5t j/ kfd}/] #
ktL
jgfg s] sf/g] la;g' ;] s/} x}t /] cf/] la;g'
eut a/
b]t x} j8 x'O{ n} t'd /lxcf] /L .$ .
t'd h8
t'nL;L xf] jx xd;flu u|fd ag hfd/] cf/]
hf]
sf]O{ eutL t'd/L s/] x} dg dl5t j/ kfj} /] .
uLt
t'n;f
sf] hnd cfvf8] t s6g lakt x} /] . r .
wGg x}
hLg sf] dOkf t b"w kLjfj} /] . ! s .
sf}g
sf7sf] dr'lnof tf} sfx] n} lagfj}/] . rf .
sf]gla5} sL x} 5fFxf sf}g afd} kf}7]/] . @ s .
rng
sf7sL dr'lnof t;"nt} lagf j}/] rf nf}u
la5 sL
x} 5fFxf /fd jfd} kf}9]/ . # s .
Os
cf}/L kf}9L /fgL ?sldg Os cf]/L ;'/;'tL . r .
aLr d}
kf}7] /fhf /fd t;L/ lxg t'n;f . $ s .
/fgL
?sldg ;'/;'tL Ps} dtL sLgL/] . rf .
l;lxg
t'n;f sf] k]8 t tf/] dgf}/] / . % s .
/fgL
:sdLg ;'/;'tL Ps dtL sLgL/] r t'n;f t xf]
e+uL;f
ptL of tf h'u h'u 8fx}/] . ^ s .
klxn]
hn t'n;f gf6 clws to sL gL/] . rf .
a/kfO{
;flns /fd t h8 x'O{ s}/xL . &s .
lt;/]hnd
d} lab|f /fgL ktL hnw/ kfj xL . rf .
u} 5ng] sf] eujfg t ktL tk 6f/xL . . * s .
jgs} ;fw' b]v bf]jf/] w'gL w/L . r .
ktL a|t
k 6f/} hnw/ df/xL . (s .
hf]hf d+un ufj} t ufP ;'gfj} /] . r .
w/d a9} clwofsfP k/Dkb kfj}/] !)
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fuk|efuL tfn
;t
;f}/f} u'? b]j s] t}lxg sf]6 dg af}/]
a|Dxf
la;'g dxf b]cf] ;f}/f} lg/sfn ;Ldf tf/] . ! .
a|DxfF
la;'g dxfF b]cf] ;f}/f} lg/sfn ;Ltf/] syf
sxfF
d}j]b k|eftL ;'g ;Hhg lrt'nfO{ /] . @ .
syf
sxf} d} a]b k|eftL ;'g ;Hhg lrt'nfO{ /]
ch dq
a}s'6 jf;f xhf s/tf lsnf]/] /] . # .
ku'ljg
kGy ky lag rngf cjw" gu/ s] /fh b'x]nf/] . $ .
sfn hfn
;a b'/ v8] x} ;L; sfn s] sfn}/] ds/L
s};L tf/ d} nw/ kw/ sL df}u] . 5 .
ch/
em/} sf]O{ t/ em/} t'/ s6L dlxn] d} th/ em/} t/sf6L
dlxn d}
afhg afh] o; b/jfhf] va/ k/} . ^ .
cd/
em/} sf]O{ th/ em/} t'/ s6L dlxng d} h/ em/}
t'/ s/L
dlxn d} afhg afh] b; b/jfhf] vk/} . * .
lag
bLks d+l8n ph]off} oxfF k'v d+tf] 3f]/ s/}
hf] hf]
;fw' Wofg 3/t x} ;f;f] Uofg laof]s n8} . ( .
u+uf
hd'g lar ldn} ;'/ ;'tL gfb} laGb} Uofg w/}
sxt
saL/ ;'gf} efO{ /fwf} cnv k';{ 6f/] gf 6/} . !) .
rnt rnt
kR5d lb; hf d]/} @ h/} u'aL/ h}/fd wgL . !! .
h}
hu'bL; h}e'dg ktL O;f/] h}s[kfn rt'/ e'h ?kf/] .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
;vL
k't/L lhdf}gLof
sof l;/
em+s} s] of dg s/t
b]v b]v
sn sf] ljpxf/f/] . ! .
s]of
nufj} lz/ t]n km"n] nf/] Ps lbg
P]:6f]
xf]P uf] hL l;/ lkm/t ju/ s};f] 8]nf/] .@ .
sof
afFw] l;/ dn dn kfuf/] .
Oslbg
P];f] xf]P uf] ;f] r'g r'g v}x} sfuf/] . # .
vftf x}
t' Oet ef]hfg kLtf x} /;
b"w}
Ps lbg P];f] xf]P uf] ;f]wgL hd]uL b'j}/] .$ .
sxt
saL/ lg/+hg kf;/] b]v b]v sn sf] lapxf/f/] . % .
st sjL/
;'gf} efO ;fwf}/] hfut xf]O{ x} ;a xL ;+;f/fx] . ^ .
afns/fd /fgf, wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
uLt k|eftL
tfgfgf
l8u}/] dg sx} s} 8/fj} /] tfgfgf l8u} . s .
sf;L
sf]9 gf}/+uf /] j;t x} . rf .
pk|sf]7
t/] jx} u+uf/] . ! s .
5f]6]
5f]6] s'g8f/] ctL hn ulx/] . r .
kPg d}
h+hL/f 8f/] a'8t saL/ /] . @ s .
u+ufhL
sf] nx/ hf] cfO{ sQ hhL/f/] . rf .
kNn]
kf/ e] /fd /fd hkt saL/] /] #
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
k|eftL tfn
d]/f] g
gd /fd} /fd p7tL ;sf/] /] . s .
lh;s]
lz/ d} df]/ d's'6 x} ubf cf]/ s'6] d's6 sf] dfnf /] . r .
d]/f] tfktL s]xL slxP cf}/g b'hf/] . ! .
;] hn
;Lr ;Lr s} lk/]d a]n af]P . r .
cjt kmn
=====uP x} tf]l/cf] g sf]O{ . @ .
k|eftL
tfn
ehf} dg
/fd p6tL ;sf/] /] . @ s .
hf gu/L
sf]O{ /lxg] g g kfj/] . r .
Sof
/fhf Sof nf]u wg]/] /] . ! s .
6f6
knfg nfb d';flkm/ . r .
n]p;/fp
d}8]/f /] . @ .
sxt
saL/ ;'gf} efO{ ;fwL /] . r .
nf]6
x+;gf xf]j} km]/f /} . # .
/fu
k|eftL tfn
b]vf}
/] t'd s]t df;f . @ s .
y'gfgf
k8]/L nfuf] nDa' gf sgftf/] . rf .
lagf
vDe tf/] /fd sf] tdf;f . ! s .
/fO;f]
Ps k|at b]vf] w'/ b]vf] Ps u+uf . rf .
tLtnL
;Ltfn b]vf] p7tL t'/+u . @ .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fu skmL tfn
uug
36f/ uxf /fgL cafb'/L uug 36f /] uxf /fgL . s .
k'/sa
kl5j ;} p7L /] abl/of . r .
l/d emL/] cf/] l/dled a/;} kfgL . ! s .
ckg
ckgL d]8 /df/f}/] . r .
jxL hft cf/] jxf] hft x} ofgL cjf . # s .
lgt/ ;'/t s] jh}n ag] x}/] . r .
v]tL /] cf/] v]tL s/} lgvfgL cjf . # s .
b'lawf b'j b'/ s/ 8f/f} /] . rf .
hx]
t]/L /] cf/] hx] t]/f] gLjn ls;fgL . $s .
sxt saL/ ;'gf]f efO{ ;fwf} /] . r .
lkm/
cf];/ cf6]/ @ gfxL kfjf} . % .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fu h}t ;f]/f]
n} rln
cf]/] ;fhjf /] cd/k'/ n} rln cf]/] ;fhgf /] . s .
cfd/f k'/L d} nuL x] ahf/} . r .
;f}bf
/] cf/] ;f}bf x} s/ hf/] . ! s .
cfdf/
k'/L d} sf]tn ulnof . r .
c6'kt
x} rngf/] cd/ . @ s .
cd/f
k'/L d} /ft ;t x} . rf .
b|;g /]
cf/] b/;g x} s/ gf/] cd/ . # .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fu lanfp/
h;f}
xl/ gfd a9] 8d/ a]xfgL /] . @s .
lbg lbg
kn kn l5g l5g hfj} hp[ ch/f] sf] kfgL . la .
uof avt lkm/ xft g cfj} @ . r .
5'6fP
tL/ @ dfgf} r9tL sofgL . ! s .
jfnf ;a
v]n udfcf] ltl/of dfxf] hdfgL . la .
a'8b] kg d} /f]u ;tfj} a9b] /] . rf .
;'Gb|
/] @ ;'Gb/ sfof t]/L xf]t k'/fgL /] . @ s .
xftL 3f]8f dlxn vhfgf /fh kft k/ ;fgL . la .
;f]jf; lgsn ha hfP abg ;] @ . rf .
;a xf]
;DklQ t]/L xf]PuL k'/fgL /] . # s .
a|Dxf
g+b ehg s/ k|e' sf gf} t]/f lxtsf/L . la .
kfFr
ttsf] agL h8 sfof . rf .
ljv/
hfo h};] jf? sf] 9]/L hk} . $ .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fd /fd snL
O; law
d'st gf xfP cfxf]/] dg rnn efO
hnd hnd
sf] df]/ rf/] jfsf] hndf] gf hf . s .
;]t j/g
ju'nf eP /] dg d} nf]g xf]O . la .
cv df]r
;fw' ag]/] . r . d5/L /] jxf] /] d5/L s} e5fjfO{
. s .
hfb/] cfcf] sf] df5/L g/L rjx] hfO}{
. la .
sf]6 sf]6 htg s/ 3OP /] . r .
jfsL
u+3 jxf]/] afsL u+3g hfO{ . @s .
vf6 k/]
b'v ;]OP d'vf hf] jfjg cj}
. la .
hdk s/} hj sf}g x'6fj} . rf .
c/]
afsL sf]o g xf] t ;xfO{ . # .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fd /fd snL
c/] PhL
Uofg s/} dg ;lrtf dg 7f]/g xf]O{ hnd
Hnd sf]
ef]/ rfjf sf] nh df} ghfO{ . s .
u'? kfP
u'? k/ dn{] u'? k|dn kf];] . la . P;f] ;Tt larf/ s} /] ;fwf] @ . la .
em'6] /] jxL /] em'6] s] ;u 8f]n] . !s .
cl/P hL
xf/] htg larfl/p sf]O{ /tg lj;fx} . la .
Otg]
u'g x} /;Tt d}/] ;fw} . rf .
;v/ /
jxf}/] k|e' ;/j/ s}n} tf/} . @s .
8f/g
tf]/} sn d5} kfng ;+u 8f}n} lj sl7g ljkg hn 5L
rs} /}
;fw} rf ;Lt] jfx/]] k|e' ;L6] kmn h] vfP . # s .
ck/fwL
tL/ yf uP tL/y s/ cfP
. la .
sk6 bfu 5'6} gxL /] sk6 bfu . r .
c+u
jxf]/] s}of c+u kvf/] . $s .
s]of
tL/jf s]of wfd sof c+u kjf/] . la .
sxt
saL/ ;'gf} efO{ ;fwf] sxt sjL/ . rf .
3/ xL
d] ;'r'kfP . 5 .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fd /fd snL
/hf/]
emgs ls sGof cs]nL ;Ltf gfd sxfP
cf7 vG8
gf}bL hf]uj/ sx' Pg kfP . s.
/rf] x}
;f]jDa/ hgs /hf
Ps k|g
larf/L ;'k/; arg cg'k arg nf}6g sf] gfxL . la .
hf]
sf]O{ wg'vf p7fP s} tfg} @ . r .
;f]of
x} ;Ltf gf/ s} /hf/] . !s.
b]zb]z
kftL lnvL ;a lgk{t a'nfP ef/L eL/ ckf/ eO{
/fhf
emg bf] jf/] wg's 5'O{ 5'O{ ;sn xf/] hgs xf/] @ . r .
wg'sg
p7t p7fP . @ s .
xf/] dg
7f8] eP dg s/t larf/ k|gg
b'hf
xf]P sGof d]/L /x] x} s'jf/L . la .
dg lkh/
s] 7f7 d]/] ;fwf] . @ rf .
ed/ p8
hfP . # s .
cab
k'/L ;'v wfd km"n sL x} clwsf/L
rnt
lxdrn Aof/ ;/h' jx} lg/dn gL/] . la .
/fd
nl5dg h;b s] 5f}gf @ . rf .
j]tf;L
j/ kfP . $s .
;tu'?
;tu'? tfk; ;+u rn}
jfns
bf]gf} efO rnt rnt hff UP
hgsk'/
kx'r] x} hfO . la .
/hfO{
emgs 3/ eL/ ckf/ @ . rf .
xf]t
s'n xn ef/L /hf/] emgs . %s .
;f]ofd
uft /fhf /fd nl5g uf]/] tg Kof/] lg/v @
/xL hfP
df]] ;a g/ cf}/ gf/L . aL .
P];f]
hf]u ;Ltf j/ kftL . la . crn s/} hf] /fh . ^
s. hgs
;] cUof dfu lgs6 /u' /fO{ rn] nLgL
wg'vf
p7fP tL/ x'O 6's gfO{ . lj .
;];f]
;Ltf j/ hf] uO{ @ . r .
e"kg
dfg 36fO{ . & .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fdsnL
ca/]
dl8nx uf};'gf] af]ng nfu] sfu xf] efO{ . s .
p8L u}
x+; cs]n] sof t]/L 5Lht efO .
p8L s}
x+; kjg ldn hfO{ . lj . sfo k/L /x] hfO ca/] d+l8n . ! s .
dft
lktf ;'t efO aGb ;a Tofug sLgL . lj .
5f]8 uP
;Fu ;fKk /] ;fwf} 5f]8L uP . r .
;Fu
jxf}/ ;+ug hfj} sf]O . @ s .
sof sfo
/fhf jfk;L cd/ sf] Ogf xf]O . la .
st sbL/
;gf} efO ;fw}f . rf . h]xL ut x'O x} ;+;f/f . # s .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
/fdsnL
;ne;
nf]gL wg/f/ enL Ps ;'Gb| b]vf]
kt/L
sd/ l;6 d6sL w/] bO a]rg hfO . s .
a/vfg]
;] rnL/L u'hl/of bb" a]rg hfO{
/}oft
n} n} xft d6'sL ;L/ dfy] w/L . la .
cwljr
ldn u}jf/] sGx}of cfw ljr/] . rf .
ulxs}
ks/t afL ;na ;nf]gL . !s .
hjaf]n}
gGbnfn ;gf} lj/vf efj b'nf/L
xd
hd'gf 36jf/ bfg s5' xdf/L nfu}
. lj .
lag lnP bfg hfg g b]xf}+ ljg/] lnP . rf .
d}
h;'bf sf] nfn
. @ s .
hj af]n} lj/vf efg ;'gf} t'd gGb b'nf/]
sj;] eP
36jf/ bfg t'd xd ;] dfu] . la .
xd t
u'h/Lof s; /hg sf] xd tf/] . rf .
t'd xf}
hft cxf}/ . # s .
d6'sL
n]t ptf/ a}7 sbdg sL 5fxL .
ljdnljdn
bb' vfO{ cf]/ s'5' b]t lu/fP . la .
cfh sL
/}g laGbf ag ;f]jf} cfh sL 6] .rf .
; ;lvog
s] ;+u] . $ .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
. uLt lemu8f] .
. afF;'/L sf] .
bLhf}/]
lj|hf gf/ afF;'/ d]l/ bLlhcf] . sf .
lgt
hd'gf s] tL/ sfGx c;gfg] cd}
d'/nL
j]g ahfP a}7 uf]jf lng} grfj} . la .
ns8L
d'/nL sfd/L tLgf} w/L ptf/ . r .
cfFv
v'n] /fwL n} efhL 9'8t ls;g d'/f/ af;'/ . !s .
sfGx
;sL a}7f/ l;uf;g e'n] lj5'/]
n}uO{
k/ 9fFs hj} xd ;'g} t'Dxf/L . la .
Ot
pn]nt t'd lkm/] sxf a}7 e'n] .rf .
s;d vft
xf} g+b lktf sL
xdg]
gfxL nfP / afF;'/ d]/L bf]lhcf] . @s .
a;L
xd/L b]cf] sx] s}z/ a9fcf] dgd} ;f]r
larf
sx] s}nf]u xfF;fjf} . la .
nfu]
xfF;} r/ rfs/} dgd} s/f} larf/ . rf .
hf ag;L
d]/] df]n sL /] t'dg] s/f] Ogsf/ . #
s. a;L
s];L xf]P g}g e/ xdf gf b]v] xd nufjf} .
bf];
sfgx t'd xf] clwsf/L . la .
nf]u
x;} r/ rfs/} dg d} s/f} larf/ . rf .
hfj;L
d]/L df]nsL /] la8gf b]t udf/ sfGxd'/ . $ s .
xd}
atfcf} udf/ ckgL s/} j8fO{ u/f} rf]rf/ nf}6
t]/f]
afaf hfg} t'd ;] nu'/ ax't x} dfut xd ;] 5fr
. rf .
rt'/fO{
t} /fvn] /] sx] s} lbvfjf}
cfFv
af+;'/ d]/L bLlhcf] . % s .
hfj+;L
sL ;f/ sxfF uLjfln t'd hfgf}
tLg
e'dg kt /fvt dgk'/ nf}6f] nfuf] .
j;L
vf]ht l;jf km/] l;De} efjg] km6L
sdl/of
l;/ k/ cf]9] t'dhf] sxf} P;L aft . ^ s .
g+b
lktf s] ;ft k'q g] x6n} jfg} a'Gbjfg
h]
d'Gem sfGx t'd lkm/f} cs]n] . la .
ckgf
sfGxf 9L6 x} xd;] dfut 5fFr . rf .
lhgs]
P];] k'q slxP lhgsf] phf/f] af;'/ ufcf] .
&s
. a;f} sL ph/ xf]cf] gfxL k|jfx t'Dxf/L
t'd ;]
x} nvrf/ gb 3/ uf]j/ x]n} . la .
tvcjt
n]v hft x} nv} v8L b/jf/ . rf .
nvx;g
kfj} gxL 8f8L ;'b|L krtfP] af;'/ . * s .
j+;L
bLgL 8f/ sfGx h}n} p7fO{ j+;L n} klxrfg sfGx h] lx/b] nuO{ . lj .
/fwfa+zL b] ldnL 3'36 s] k/ cf]6] . rf .
;a} ;vL
xf/L la|hf/fwL hLt] ;3'kftP P jf+;'/ . ( .
afns/fd /fgf, wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
uknL sGx}of sf] hGd
l;/}
3}nd b]jf 3/ nO{ u?P c+u ;/L/
s'Gh jg
em'/j} hd'gf tL . ! rf .
kTn] /]
kf/ h;'bf x] x/f] v]n}
pTn] /]
kf/ b]jL ?bg s/} . @ rf .
bf}f]
l/ d]/f] v;L ;x]nL wfP s} a'emf} aft sf}g
;] sf/g
alxgf em"/jf} hd'gf tL/ . # rf .
Os ;/aL
of b'O{ wfO{ uO{ /] b]jL hL s] kf; sf}g ;] xf]
sf/g
jlxgf em"/tL hd'gf tL/ . $ rf .
;ft k'q
hd'gf tL . % rf .
hLg
/fjf} lhg em"/jf} alxgf lhg s/ dg d
lau
ckgf] b]s} t]/f] pjf/f} t]/L k'hof} cf; . ^rf .
gf]g
t]n sf] Prf] k}rf] hf b'lgof ;+;f/
a]6L
a]7f sf]O{ gf k}rf] lhoff gf kt]kfP . & rf .
rfFb
;'/h s} ;fldn s/] xf] hd'gf s] tL/
ckgf]
x}s} t]/f] pjf/f} t]/L k'uof} cf; . * rf .
pm r]
d} r9 sG;f;'/ b]v} b]jL sx] ;}
atnfP ks/ dufO{ b]hjL hL s} n]t dfu;L 8f/ . (
rf .
xft
xts8L kfP g a]/f] un] d} tf}s bO{ b'/jfP r'jf
efu;L
s+; v'bO{ b]t efut ;L8f/ . !) rf .
l;/ lxg
a}7L b"ltg a'9L of gu/ a}7]
s"t
afn ;f]/} ;} kx?jf a}7] xg uO{ ah'/ lsjf/ . !! rf .
e/
efbf} sL ld;' clwol/of sfGfF n cf}tf/ e/dfbf} ls ld;'
clwofl/of
sfGxf n} cf}ttf/ . !@ rf .
l;/lxg
;f]O uO{ b'ltg a'l9of gu/ ;f]P s'tjfn
;f]/}
;} kfx?jf ;f]P u} v'lnu} ah'/ lsjf/ . !# rf .
xft
xts8L kfPg j]/L tf}s uO{ vx/fP rnpg
d]/] gb
lktf ca uf]lsn kx'rfcf] . !$ rf .
3/;'o]
d} b]jf rn eP hfd'gf s] tL/
ulx/L
;L gbLof /] hgd xfxf/fP . !% rf .
cfu'
hfcf] hd'g hn ulx/f] kf5' l;+u 8xfP s};] s}
ptf}
hfx] hfd'gf s] kf/ . !^ r .
l;+u s}
sfGxf b|f;g bf]gf] hd'gf kfP
;fkf/
gbjaf h] kf/ pt/ u} uflsn kx'r] h p . !& rf .
h;'bf
uf]b d} sGx;'nfO{ sGof n]t p7fP
ckgL
gul/of b]jf kx'r] x} cfP . !* rf .
;/lxg
hfuL b'ltg a'l9of gu/ hu] s'tjfn
;f]/}
kfx?jf hfu] v'n u} xg uO{ ah'/ lsjf/ . !( rf .
Os wdgf
x'O{ wfO{ uP /]
s;fhL
s] kf; gbjjf
3/
sf]O{ afns hn df] cfP . @) rf .
s]; /hf
h] w'laof t'nfO{ sFG/f} df/ n} s}
sGof
w'j/ 36f d} lbcf] k6f d}df . @! rf .
haxL w'laof sGof k6s} n}u} e'hf cFvf]/ cfw]
;'u
o} sGof
af]n} ;'g s+;f d]/] af]n dem+nf]s d]/f] eOof
df/ ;'u
d} df/f} tf]P . @@ rf .
P];]
sfGxf hndf ltnf] /] s+;f s] lhof
d} ;f]r
sf}g] xf] fgul/of b';gL hn df}x] cfP . @# rf .
afns/fd /fgf
wgu9L –&, dg]x/f
af/x df;L
k/dfgGbsL af/x df;L
gfd gf/fo0f sf] ;fFrf] hu em'7L
;+;f/ gfd Ps OZj/sf] ;fFrf] ..
ciff9 P];L d'lZsnd] hut lar
cfP, nu rf} /f;L h'gL ef]u
tg dgsf] kfP, ho] x} l;d/gsf]
e]nf, cj;/ r'sL hfP, c/] dgdfg
s]xL d]/f .. !
;fjg hLjg wf]/f] lbgfsL ,
ua{ gxL s/gf Sof a'99] Sof hjfg .
Ps lbg ;j xf] sf] d/gf,
p8] kjg d] kg ldn] tg df6Lgd] d] df6L .. @
efbf} hut t'em] kxrfgf] hut
lar] cfP h};L /}gsf} ;kgf,
e}of aGw d]/] s'6'd slatf, sf]xL gxL
ckgf, lsl;s] sfd d]g cfP,
wg bf}nt cf] dfn vhfgf,
;a] 5f]8s] hfgf x} .. #
s'Fjf/ s/f/] s/L s/tf ;]
hf] s/gL s/ofo],
bfg k'q ;a s/g] vft/
hu d] 8f] k9jfP, cfh s'5
d]/L /lvof], x'jf nu] dfofs]
kmG8f, p;d] g kmF;gf .. $
sflts sfof ;bfdf d/kmn
h] /xg] sf] gfO
Pslbg ;};L xf]P
c/] gt h/ cug dfxL
h/] tg ;'vL ;L ns8L
;+;f rf]nf 5f]8s] Kof/]
;/s /fx ks8L ..%
cuxg df; Ps hLjg;] w/f] Wofg
dgd]
hf rf]nf sf] sf}g e/f};f
5f]8L hfP l5gd]
e/f];f ;tu'?sf] /fvf]
xf]gL xf]O ;f] ;f]o
arg t'd em'7L dt efFsf] .. ^
k'; kfP lgt cfd] hfd]
lgt rn] hfP
cfh rn] sf]O sn rn]
sf]xL /xg] g kfj]
hut d] h]x] sf/ nfuf
a8] a8] ;] l;4 cf}lnof
;a] lk/fg] Aofuf .. & ..
df3 ldn] tg a9L s5'g]sL
sKn] af]
5f]l8of] ua{ u'dfg u/LaL
x[bo w/ n]aL
hu lt/y /x hfP
hutd] hLjg x} yf]8L ..* ..
kmfu'g lkms] t'd dt af]nf]
ld7] arg sxfaf]
sfd, s|f]w, df]t /] a;t
udftf vfO /xf]
hx] o] ;tu'0f x} /fhL
rnf] u/LaL rfn
c/] t'd 5f]8f] csbafhL .. ( ..
r}t r]t s/ rn d]/f] dgjf,
uflkmn Sof ;f]tf
gf hfgf] t]/f xfnt e}of
sxf hnd xf]tf
cfh ehf] s/tf/ ehf]
ca Sof]+ b]/ nufP
Og aftgd] jkmf gxLF
dgdfg sxLF d]/f .. !) ..
a}zfv df; lkm/] eL/ dtf
Ogs] xd Kof/L
Ogx'F ;] pgx'F ;] hf] hu;] x}
pgx'F ;] xd u'gf laGb ufj]F
d/g hnd gf xf]t Kof/]
cd/ nf]s kfj]F . !! .
h]7 df; Ps l;d/g ;] gfd cfbL cfO{}
h]x] aftsL åbzLd]
c/] tL/ sfzL d] jf;f
u'? cf] uf] /vfgfy xdf/L
k'/g s/} cfzf . !@ ..
/fd/tg /fgf
wgu9L–*, wgu9L ufpF
sGx}ofsf] hnd
xf] ;Lof /] ;Lof /] u'gf ufjf] d]/} /fd
sf}gf uLtf ufjf] /] ls;fgf
nxL cjtf/ .
sxL hnf s'Dj pa]F h/f s];' uP
kftfn, gf;] uf}/f ;f6L n]x],
wtL{ k}bf gf xf] .. @ ..
tLg k5' l;/f} /]v ls5sf /fhf tf]P
tlgs lsgf/] df]x] w/tL /] n} cfcf]
l;/h uP hns'DeL s] ktjf ..# ..
cv]F la/hsf] k]8, jfF d] a}7f]
wf}of lr/}of,
hk} /fd sf] gfd ..$ ..
h} ;Ltf c}/t a]6L hlxof /L hdfP
h} ;Ltf uf}/f dftf uf}/f wtL{ hdfP . % .
w/tL hdfO e}of s/L ;+hf]u
dgsL lk+8L e}of w/L x} ;'wf/ .. ^ ..
dgsL lk+8L e}of w/L x} ;'wf/
OGb| vfF8Ls] 3f]8f cfP kmf]/L kmf]/L hfPF . & .
x/bLsL ufF7L e}of s's'? agfP
s's'?sL e'sg e}of lk+8L arfP .. * ..
xft /r] e}of kfx]F /rfP
/rL alt;f} bfFt
?G8 /rfP e}of d'08 /rfP
/lrb] ;sn z/L/ .. ( ..
slxgs] ef}/fs] cFu'/L d] Od/t a'lbof
pFu/L sf6 d'v 8fn /fd s/f] p7] w/;Ld]
n]af] dftf /fd .. !) ..
ltg kf5' l;d/f} d] w/tL dftf
Ogs] t pk/d] ls?nf s? .. !! ..
ltg kfx' l;d/f} kGb|df a8L dftf
k'/a ;] pu] klZrd hfP .. !@ ..
ltg kfx' l;df} ;'/h a8] b]j .
k'/a ;] pxL klZrd hfP .. !# ..
ltg k5' l;d/f} d] ckgL /L dftf
hfx'F hf]x] df]/ hnd lbP .. !$ ..
ltg k5' l;df/f} d] ckgL /L dftf
Og hndfO{ df]x] b"w lknfjfP .. !% ..
ltg k5' l;d/f} d] ckgL /L lktf
Og hndfO{ df]x] uf]bL lvnfO{ .. !^ ..
/fd/tg /fgf
wgu9L–*, wgu9L ufpF
s+; ;DaGwL uf]kfnL uLt
;+s/ lktf uf}/ ;L dftf, ;sn Ps k/jfx]
;sn Ps hf hu d] b]v' a'4 a8L ;+;f/ .. ! ..
x;] r9L ;L kf]yL afFr] s/xf c/f}g n]
bfgf] xfy ;] :jfr] l;df ef/tsL ho ..@ ..
1fgL xf]Os] d';/ gf3] , 3/ gf uP cf] åf/
OtgL kfk dlG8n d] a;/], d[t nf]s ;] hfP .. # ..
alxg eg]hL dfgtf gfxL, d]/] xl/sf] gfp
OtgL kfkf dlG8n d] a/;], d[t nf]sd] hfP .. $ ..
;f;' sL lgkL ax' ku 9f]j]
h]7 sf] pQ/ 8] OtgL
kfk dlG8n d] a/;] , e't nf]sd] hfP .. % ..
sx] sf] sf; bfj h] y?jg af8L hd'gf /fo
dy'/fd] s+;f;'/ af8] d]/] xl/sf] gfd .. ^ ..
;a} b]j hf]/ dt s/t x} ,
rnf]g xl/s] hfPF ,
ls;fg;] lagtL s/] agfP ..& ..
;a] b]j h'/ rn] eO
xgf] ;] x} b'jf/ x'gf];] x} b]jtf rGbg aL;] g 78} x} ..* ..
x'gf] ;] x} b'jf/ b]jtf, rGbg aL/;] 78] x},
rGbg aL/;] 78} x} b]jtf, aL/; rnL x} x/fP .. ( ..
eLt/ e/f] fejg sdnfky gf/b s/} k'sf/
aflx/ 7l8 b]xL b]jtf,
logsf] sf}gf] Xjfn .. !) ..
eLt/ s] b/ elgof/] aflx/ rlncfcf]
aflx/ 7l8 b]xL b]vy,
logsf] sf}g xjfn .. !! ..
;f]g' sL l;+xf;g x/h kf}8] nlvof 9f]8] AofO
vF9L ef/s] nlvof hufa] hfuf] s[i0f d'/f/] .. !@ ..
sf;F bfj] o] y?jg af8L, a8L hd'gf /fo
eg'd] s+;fk'/ af8], d]/] xl/sf] gfd .. !# ..
sxL axt eg]hL dfgt gfxl x/Lsf] df]]/]
OttL kfk dlG8nd] a/;] d[t gfd nf]sd] hfP .. !$ ..
;f;'sL lgkL ku ax' 9f]j] h]8sf] cQ/ 8]x]
OtgL kfk dlG8n d] a/;] d[t nf]sd] hfP .. !% ..
a}7g s] l;+xf;g 8f/L ca
u8'jf hgnfkL,
a}7L /] d]/f] 8]xL b]jtf
cfP xf] ls; sfd b]jtf
sxf] /L sn sL aft .. !^ ..
sxfF sxfF snh'u sL aft],
dL;] sxf] g hfP
d]6t gfd ls;ghL t]/f]
a]un]p cjtf. .. !& ..
;a} aft t'd sxaf] b]jf
d} egxf] dg]xfg
h]xL aft lhg sxaf] b]jf
d} d'+bf} bf]gf] sfg .. !* ..
s};L lr/ kbdfOg cf]8],
u/] s'G8g vu/fg,
;Ltf ;] gf/L laxfjL,
;'x/ nf}uf] /fd .. !( ..
sl7g hl7g ;flx/ e/ afFwf],
b'Mv s/ pt/f] kf/,
sl7g h'w /fj0f s] df/f]
sLO g eof] x} ;xfj .. @) ..
hfcf] hfcf] d]/] b]xL b]jtf e efgf] dlgxf/ ,
;f]x| ;o Ujflng b]xf] ltt hd'gf ;'vf .. @! ..
km6L k'/fgL kLyL n]s]
3/ 3/ sf] avfg
sxfF sf] hf af/} adgf
gu/ lrtfo] .. @@ ..
gu/ lrtfj] jdgf s/t a8fFO{,
s/t a9fO{ adgf uf}st ;fFs] åf/ .. @# ..
Ps wfdLg b'O wfO k8] wfO k8] b'O rf/,
rng jfnf] adgf /fhf /] a'nfP .. @$ ..
/fd/tg /fgf
wgu9L–*, wgu9L ufpF
s[i0f hGd
uaf}tL
wGg wGg s+;f;'/ /fhf t]/f] cfa
nft, dxn agfjf] /fhf cfg] cfg] efFt .. ! ..
;f]g]sf] snf;f t]/f] nfuf] x} cfufh,
ds'gf ;f] xlyof t]/] em'd] /] åf/ .. @ ..
sfxLF tfhL t'sL{ t]/L afFwL x} x/fP,
ef]F/L /] ef}/f t]/] s/] u'Nhf/
.. # ..
a}9L /] d]/] jfg a?jf, a}7L s'tjfn
sfFxfFsf] afdg a?jf, kf]yL afFr] ;'gfP .. $ ..
klxnL kf]yL afFrL adgf, afFrLs] ;gfP
b';/L kf]yL afFrL adgf, /x] /] r'kfP .. % ..
b';/L kf]yL afFrL adgf, afFrL s] ;'gfP,
t';L kf]yL afFr] adgf, /fhf d'lQm agfP .. ^ ..
3}/f] /] d}/f] jfdg a?jf, bf}8L s'tjfn
d'lQm atfj} adgf, efh] sxfF hfP .. !) ..
bf}8s] Ps wfdL b'O{ wfO{ k/] x}
9fO{ k/] b'O rf/ k8st ks8t af/f]
jdgf, x'Ocf] /] cnf]s .. !! ..
ks8t ks8t jf/f] jdgf,
x'Ocf] /] cnf]s,
s+; /fhfs] hLpd] klbuf] a8f] ;f]r .. !@ ..
hndf}tL
l;/} 3}nf gf b]jf lgsf/L, ub'jf c+u ;/L,
u8'jf c+u ;/L,
u8'jf c+s ;/L s'~h ag em'v]
hd'gf tL .. ! ..
kNn]/L kf7 h;'bf kf7 s/},
pNn]/L kf/ b]jLsf] ;f]wg' dof] .. @ ..
Ps wfdLg b'O{ wfO k8L wfO
k8f] b'O{ rf/
sf}gf] ;] ef]lug ltl/of, em/a} hd'gf lt/ .. # ..
sL t]/L ;f;f gg8 b'v b]j,
lsk b'v c+u ;/L/,
sfx] sf] ;f]r alxgf em'/j} hd'gf tL/ .. $ ..
gfxL d]/L ;f; ggb b'v b]j], gf b'v c+u ;/L/
sf]vsf] ;f]r alxgf em'v} hd'gf tL/ .. % ..
sxL+ ;ft k'q s+;fsf/ ef/L ,
cf7f} u/a cf]nf8,
sf]vsf] ;f]w alxgf em'v} hd't/ lt/ .. ^ ..
sFxL t]/f] a]6f d]/f] a]6L x'Ox} efbL df;
ckgf] bf]O tf]x] k'/L s/L x} k'/L cf; .. & ..
g'g t]nsf] cbnf] abnL hf snsf] Sofxf/ .
lwl/of k'qsf] kbnf] abfnf] lhp gfx] kltofP .. * ..
sxLF rf8 ;'/h s] ;f/tL s/n],
w/tL s/n] ujfx
w/tL dftf nf}6L h}x], hj afrf
6l/hfP .. ( ..
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cfkg 3f]/jf ;Dxfnf] xf] .
3f]/jf
bfu'/fcf], bu'/fcf] t'F
cfkg
cfkg 3f]/jf ;Dxfnf] xf] .
– cflbTo rf}w/L
tGqdGq;Fu ;DalGwt kr/f uLt
9]+lsof
s'66 9+]s s'6gL pdxf} xf]
pdxn
s'OFof kfgLxf/
rnf]
u'?jf ckg] ;jf/ .
pdxf}
xf] d}of pdxf} xf]
h};]
3'6? k/]pgf cf]O;] pdxf} xf] .
rlsof
lk;t rslk;gL pdxn xf]
pdxn
s'Of kfgLxf/
rnf]
u'?jf ckg] ;jf/ .
– cflbTo rf}w/L
s};] ;'w/L <
s};]
;'w/L ;ef s};] ;'w/L
xDd/
lau8n oL Onfsf s};]=====
xDd/
afaf cfhf bfbf bf?d k};f kms}x]F
k9}of
n/sg kmL;s tlxgf k};f gfO ar}x]F
kmL;
lag n/sf gfO k9 k}tf===============
k9}of
n/sf P];g cfx] la8L l;s/6 v}x}
cDdn
vfs] clSsn s6 h}tf====
k9}of
n/sd k9t k9t cFvn nulns ;'tf nfutf
cf]Og
k9]d dg nutf gfO l/hN6 ;a's5 at}tf
km}n
x'Olts a]x x'Otf
u+uf/fd dxtf], kxndfgk'/
wdf/ …dlns'jfÚ
dlnsjg
x] xd/] b]jtf x; dg7L
dlnsjf
gfO ;dem7fF xf]
wfg
u]]x'F sf6 b]x7L xd/] l;?jf km]g hf]t b]x7L
hf}g
hf}g sfd c9}7fF dlns'jf, sfd]d gfO{ l9n}7L xf]
rf]/ r]
uNtL xdf/ f] hfO7 gfO ;dem7fF dlns'jf
bfO{
alxgL cp/ lbbL, ;sx'g x] ul/c}7fF xf]===
dlns'jg
s] sf sxaf] e}of ;'U3'/ al7lgof ha b]vxL
;'U3'/
al7lgofF hf]s/f] alxgL xf] o], Ps 3RrLs bfgL
ag}7fF
xf]====================
gf t]
8/ af g t] ;/d af , a8]ef/L cf]Og s] s/d af
ldn
u}nL /}tL sdhf]O b}ltg s] 5ftL d] s'b7fF xf]
u+uf/fd dxtf], kxndfgk'/
;d/f}tL
;bf ejfgL bflxg /] l;wg s/] u0f]z
x}/] kGrf] b]jtf /Iff s/xL a|Dxf,
lai0f' dx]z
z/0f u'? ;/:jtL dt u'? rt'/ ;'emf
x}/] tf]/ u'?af6 kxf/ k08t xd u'?
rt'/ ;'emf
pQ/s ka{t Ps cfd Ps dx'af]/
Psj/ a}7 l5t cfd Ps dx'jf]/
Psj/ a}7 l56 ;x]gL{ Psj/ nl5dg efO{
lagfkfps] ka{t r9] lagf lhles v/vf
lagf;tgs] b'wg b'x nf]u gxL / klt
cfjo xf]
rfFb afFw' ;'/h afFw' afFw' sKjf
ltgfs] d'xdf/L
klxn d} afFw'jxf u'?jf luofg
aFwa'/ dl}t u'jf luofg
klxn d} afw'jxf ujsL uf]+l;lnof
rf/L rf}lbz afa'/ d}t
hlt b]
j hgnL / gfpF xd| lnxnL
;ax' b]ptf ldnL :ofjf n]j xdf/[14]
;|f]t M sla/fd
rf}w/L, a}afª
-e'md/f uLt, dx]z
rf}w/L_
klxnf d}gf k}wf/
xfFxfF /] pQ/s ebf}/] r/t s'jfF/
pQ/s ebf} r/t s'jfF/ u?nf e}nf]
k+v'emf/
xfF xfF /] ckgL knfFud} ;f]Od} /xg'
;k'gf ;k'gf /] sxL d} u}g' hu'gf
xfF xfF /] km'/ df]/ ;k'gf /] em'7f
df]/ ;k'gf
;k'gf ;k'gf /] sxL d} s/' larf/
xfF xff /] c/ c/ e}ofjf cfpm ufpFs
s} s/dL
hfpm d}of h};L /] anf
5QL;a]u/ ufpFs] s/dL / e}of, hfpm
d}of h};L anf
;k'gf ;k'gf /] sxL s/a' larf/
xfF xfF /] sxL s/a' larf/
xfF xfF /] km'/df]/ ;k'gf /] em'7
df]/ ;k'gf
;k'gf ;k'gf /] sxL s/a' larf/
xfF xfF /] uf]/xLF 3fnn ufpF sxL
s'/dL vrdr dgxL
r'nL e}n ufpF sxLF s'/dL / e}of
h};L anf
xfF xfF /] b'/xL;] b]vn ufpF sxL
s'/dL h}l;s cfO6
a}7s b]xj e}of l;wf prlgr kf7
xfF xfF /] tf]/ 3/ s';n ufjFs sxL
s'/dL df]/ 3';naf6
3';n sxL ufpFs]xL s'/;L d'n's ;Gb]z
xfF xfF /] tf]/ 3/ 3';/n ax'gf df]/
3/ 3';n
3';n ax'gf /] d'n's /] ;Gb];[15]
ef]hfxf k}wf/ -rf}7L rnfOa]/Ls_
sxfFdg l;/Lhn xfF ;hgfsxL b'nxL
sxfF dg l;/Lhfn /hgfsxL 8f]nxL
d}/L sf]vL l;/Lhfn xfF ;hgfs] b'nxL
8fF/L8fF/f ;L/Lhfn ;hgfs] 8f]nLof
sxfFdg pt/a' xfF ;hgfs} b'nxL
cFugfd} w/}a' /] xfF ;hgfs] 8f]lnof
rf}sd pt/}a' ;hgfs] b'nxL[16]
ef]hfxf k}wf/ -hGtL uOn Aofnf uOgf_
sxL nfv cOn /] xf?F ;hn al/ltof
sxL nfv cOn df]/ 3f]/sL nfxf;
sf b]a' a'em}a' / xfF 3f]/Ls] nfxf/
sf b]a' a'em}a' / b'n? – bdfg
bfgf b] a'em}a' xfF 3f]/Ls] nfxf;
lwof b] a'em}a' /] b'n?–bdfg[17]
rf}Yof/ labfO
nfgf] nfgf] do/L dusL ;]+b'/jf /]
xfF .
d}T rln /] h}a' alg t lab]z ..
afaf df]/ /xn al/ k/d]Zj/ /] xfF .
afaf df]/ /o b]n dg'iff hnd ..
:jO dO /xg' do/Ls sf]/f /] xfF .
s/d /o 5f]/L u}g' k?b]z ..
bfb' df]/ lbx/ uh k6 rf]lnof /] xfF
.
s/d /o 5f]/L u}g' / lab]z ..
e}of;Fu v]ng km'njf Uofbf /] xfF .
e}of df]/ /o b]n d7s} l6s'lnof ..
alxgL df]/ /xnL 5f]6L df]6L dof /]
xfF .
alxgL df]/ /o n]nL lz/sL l56jf ..
nfgf] nfgf] df]/;Fu ;x]lnof /] xfF
.
df]/ nfu /o nfgf] bl/of gbf]n ..
s}nfv af6 ;+u t ;x]nLo /] xfF .
tLgnfv /] af6 ;+u t ;x]nLof ..
ls 5]sn x'OxL ufpF sf]6jnLof /] xfF
.
ls 5]sn /o x'OxL ufpFs} ujnLof ..
lhgf] 5]sf] df/];Fu t ;x]nLof /]
xfF .
s/dla5f;n dO t uOg' k?b]z ..
lghL 5]sf] df]/ ufpF s6jnLof /] xfF
.
;+u t ;x][nLof d} k}ofF nfuL hoa'
..
b'nxs PFugf rGbg uf5n ?vjf /] xfF .
rGbg ufF5n ?vjfd e}u}nf] yf/ ..
PFugf let/ df]/ ;/xn bdf/ /] xfF .
O{x/L cFugfjf 5'6\6L d}of nfu ..
sltlwn af6 b'nfxs afaf /] xfF .
;lvof xf] axgL s/0f labf b]j ..
slt l9n af6 b'nxs sfsf /] xfF .
;lvof xf] b'nxL s/0f labf b]j .
slt lwn af6 b'Nxs sfsL /] xfF .
;lvof xf] b'nxL s/0f labf b]j ..
kmfu'g ;/L u}n r}q cfO{ k'un /] xfF
.
;lvof xf] b'NxL s/0f labf b]j ..
slt lwn af6 letlej/Lof /] xfF ..
;lvof xflk] rf}Yof s/0f labf b]j .
a;lt a;lt olt lbg eOn /] xff ..
;lvof xf] xnL /] s/0f labf b]j .
h]7 dlxgf u}n nut t';fs /] xF .[18]
;|f]t M a]emnfn
rf}w/L
;f}l8of/ ufla;,
l;;lgof, bfª
8fOafaf ;Demgf
xfFxf /] afas d'/tLof /] d}/L sf]lv
hnd.
hnd lbxn e'jfg s/d gxL lbxn ..
xfF xfF /] klxn /xg' d} w/tL d}
;Dkg' ..
vfOt /xg' d}d/L jx' /o aofn ..
xfF xfF /] /]vfOt d} /xg' /o ap /
aofn .
do/f] t lbxnL /] sf]/f b'b' efu
xfF xfF /] do/Ls sf]/f /o ;f]O dO
/xg' .
do/Ls sf]/ /o ;'tg' ;'v' gf] .
xfxf /] ;'ltsg pm7}nL do/L xdf/ .
do/L 5f]/tL df]/ /L kfk l;g ..
xfxf /] sf]/jf a}7onL do/L b'wjf
lkcOnL
do/Ls s/]jf /o x'Og' /o ;ofg .
xfF xfF /] afaf dO 5f]/a' /] dO
;/fk' ..
dOt g} 5f]/a' xf] do/LO sf]lvof
t'xf/ .
xfF xfF /] P]l;g afaf /] P]l;g do/L
xdf/ .
d} t h] x}Ot' lwo/L do/L 6'xf/ ..
xfF xfF /] ha ta d} t h] lwo/L afaf
uf]x/}g' .
afaf hl;g dg'if /o sx'gxL koa"
..
xfF xfF /] Ox df]/ afaf /o Ox df]/
do/L
dxL h] lbxn lwo/L hnd ..
xfF xfF /] cfa d} t x'Og' /] ;ofg .
cfa d} t xf]Ot' e/n aO;jf .
xfF xfF /] tf]xL dO k'5' /] c6
c6j/Lof .
slt b"/ af6 /o 3g cd/O ..
xfxf /] t'x' t h] h}7f] /] lwo/L 3g
cd/fO{
x/] a'wjs df]njf lwo/L w/}xf]
;lxbfg ..
xfF xfF /] d}t h] h}t' /] do/L wg
cd/fO{ .
;]hg ?vjf do/L w/}a' ;lxbf .
xfF xfF /] t]xL k'5' /] 36 36a/Lof
.
slt b"/af6 /] wg cd/fO{ ..
xfF xfF /] dO glx hgt'/L lwo/L wg
cd/fO{ .
cfu ;"/af6 xf] lwo/L
af6a6j/Lof ..
xfF xfF /o tf]fxL dO{ k'5' /] a6sL
a6f]lxof .
stL b"/ af6 /] wg cd/fO{ .
xfF xfF /] dO gxl hg7' /] wg cd/fO{
cfu ;'/ afxf6 /] 3fF; s6jfOof ..[19]
;|f]t M a]emnfn
rf}w/L
;f}l8of/, l;;xlgof
d3f}6f
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] Û ;]Gb'/ 5'6n kfgL3f6
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] l6s'nL 5'n6 kfgL 3f6
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] gluof 56n kfg3f6
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P x]f gy'gL 5'6n kfgL3f6
afafs];fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/ofnxfg
;vL P xf] u'l/of 5'n6 kfgL3f6
afafs]= ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] dfnL 5'6n kfgL3f6
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] dfnf 5'6n kfgL3f6
afafs] ;fu/ u}g;' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] 7f]+l;of 5'6n kfgL 3f7
afafs] ;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nxfg
;vL P xf] ;'l6of 5'6n kfgL3f6 .[20]
9'd|' uLt
pQ/] nfn/] leQ/ 3'dL 3'dL ?On nfun
;'Gb/
leQ/d l5l/sn 8fg / nfn, lox n]j
le6f]l/of cfkgL ;}bfg
:jfdL :jfuLg;Fu d} h}a' /] nfnf d}
;ltg xf/Lg af]n}a'
pQ/] nfn/] dem\of/Ld 3'dL 3'dL ?On
nfun ;'gn/
sf]g6Ld l5l/sn 8fg/] nfnf Ox n]a
le6f]l/of ckgL ;}8fg
:jfdL :jfuLg;Fu d} h}a' /] nfnf d}
;ltg xf/Lg af]n}a'
pQ/] nfn/] dem\of/Ld 3'dL 3'dL ?On
nfun ;'Gb/
dem\of/ld l5l/sn 8fg /] nfnf Oxn]j
le6f]l/of cfkgL ;}8fg
:jfdL :jfuLg;Fu d} h}a' /] nfnf d
;ltg xf/Lg af]n}a' .[21]
;|f]t M >dnfn
rf}w/L
p/x/L
cli6DsL k}wf/
hf]6n v]tL d/\ofpg/L l;/d w/}a' pRr
d/\ofg
h]xLd a'Od em\ofnL d s'OFos wgjf
t'F sxfF xf] O;/L a};L lj;}af]
cfOt u}n v]tLkflts lbg
t sxfF xf] O;/L a};L la;}af]
rnL hfcf] O;? x/jf pxf/
t}F sf/L hf;' x/jf pxf/ k7}7\of
df]/nfu hf;' e6sL e6f}/f /Lemf
sf]7Ld af6 s;sL s;f}F8f
h]xLd hf;' e6sL e6f}/f /Lemf
lg9n hf;' emfnLd s'oFos eft
lg9n hf;' p/bLs euf}gs bfn
lg9n hf;' 3'/nLs k/fK}pgs df;
lg9L 6 8f/n /f}x' d5/Ls df;
/f} x' d5/Lo df; lg9L ha ;]sn
lg9L 6 8f/n cu/s 5]u|s df;
lg9L ha ;]sn cu/s 5]u|s df;
lg9L 6 8f/n /f} d5/L df;[22]
bz}of -k}ofF nu}gf k}wf/_
;g;tL dg;tL w/n lwofg f]
P xf] kn ldofbL eOn 7f/
lhp/s km"nf epF/f va 3f;L 3f;L
P xf] nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf
e'Oof nf]l6hf
nf]/6L nf]/6L km"nf e'OofF
nf]l6uOn xlf]
P xf] l/lNrn kf]l6Ps ef}+/L
km"nf nf]/
;g;tL dg;tL wn lwofg xf]
P xf] k/n ldofnL eOn 7f/
a]a'l/s km"nf epF/f / wf;L
wf;L
P xf] nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf
eOofF nf]l6hf
nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf e'OFof
nf]l6uOn xf]
P xf] l/lNrn kf]l6Ps ef}+/L
km"nf nf]/
t'n;s km"nf ef}+/f / wf;L wf;L
P xf] nf]/tL nf][/tL km"nf e'OFof nf]l6hf
nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf e'OofF
nf]l6uOn xf] .
P xf] l/lNrn kf]l6Ps df}/L
km"nfnf]/
lxFu–Njfªs] km"nf epF/f / wf;L
wf;L
P xf] nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf
e'OFof nf]l6hf
nf]/tL nf]/tL km"nf e'Oof
nf]l6uOn xf]
P xf] l/lNrn kf]l6Ps ef}+/L
km"nf nf]/
;|f]t M 8;gL rf}w/L
nIdLk'/ (
yk}of uLt -k}ofF nu}gf k}wf/, bz}of uLt_
s]s/ x'O6 af/L km"njf/L
km"naf/Lof xf]
lsof xf] lxp6f /fhs x'O6 df]/ af/L
km"njf/L ..
lxp6f /fhs x'Ot af/L km"naf/Lof
xf]
lsof xf] cfOk'un Yofrf UofF8f
km"nf/+u af; ..
s]s/ x'O6 df]/ af/L km'na/Lof xf]
lsof xf] lxp6f /fhs x'O6 df]/ af/L
km"naf/L ..
s] df]/ laFw;n af/L km"njf/Lof
xf]
ef}/f df]/ laFw;n af/L
km"njf/Of xf] ..
ef}/f laFw;n df]/ af/L
km"na/Lof xf]
lsof xf] cfOk'un df] njfË–8jfË
km"nf /+u af; ..
s]s/ x'O6 af/L km"na/Lof xf]
lsof xf] lxp6f /fhs x'O6 af/L
km"njf/Lof xf] .
ef}/f laFw;n af/L km"na/Lof
xf]
lsof xf] cfOk'un df]/ t'nf;f/+u af;
.
s]s/ x'O6 af/L km"na/Lof xf],
lsof xf] lxp6f /fhs x'O6 af/L
km"njf/
lxp6f /fhs x'O6 af/L km"na/Lof
xf] .
lsof xf] s] df]/ laFw;n af/L
km"na/Lof xf]
ef}F/f laFw;n df]/ af/L
km"na/Lof xf]
lsof xf] cfOk'un df]/ a]a'/L
km"nf af; .[23]
d}gf
x/L d}gf slt b"/ uOn df]/
af]nLs] zabf
;gnf]ls gfxLF df]/ ufpFsL ufjFlnof
x/L d}gf pt/s ka{t /fgL 3/ cfO6f /]
d}gf
pQ/ ; 9lsof klx/L b]pF ;]Gb'/f /]
d}gf
x/L d}gf t'x" sxfF h}7f] lkxf
blvg ag]Hof/L d}gf
df]/nfu ngxf] lkof dfu sxL ;]Gb'/
d}gf
x/L d}gf c;f}+cs ;fn wfgL ;]Gb'/f
dxFu d}gf
cf}/;fn wfgL ;]Gb'/f nflgb]a'F d}gf[24]
;hgf
slt b"/af6 n}x/cf] /] g]utL
ysfO{ nfun
;fFemL a}7a' afaf laxfg kfO{ nua'
cfu' cfu' cfpFsL;Fu nua'cf] /] kl5
df]/ 8f8'
6fF6L ks/L alxgL x]/nL 8f8'[ /]
b"/ b]vnL
x/] 9lsof eoN df]/ kxF/f/] lnx df]/
sf]xL
ca cxLF nlx/s nf]u u'l/of ef/ h}a'F
afaf af6 k'/gLof g}ofF af e}of
5f]6L
8f8'af6 cfgs f3/ /] s]xL x/ cf]Oof
sa/] cOlnx
ufO{ e};uf]7 afFwg'/] lkxjf s};
aFwa'
df]/ lkof nfnL n dxjf ;}/ km"n
nf]/xL .
afaf df]/ k/n k/gLof/] 8f8'df]/
cgf]sL x/f]Oof
e}of d]/ gfg /L an'vjf lnx /] s]
cfO{
slxof cOxLF n]x/s nf]u u'/}of dg
h}a'/]
afaf df]/ s6xL h] 3gaF; a/Lof /]
lkxf df]/ l;6xL lemglemg sdjf
nx'/f lbp/f df]/ lagxL em'n/L 56/L
/] k'un ;'?v]t
5f]6L df]6L djFlns ?vn} uf]8 dh'/
5foF
lhxLF 6/ a}7xL afk'/L x/gLofFsL
zabf cf]gfP
afaf df]/ la/5L nufxLF /] do/L kfgL
w/xLF
gxL sf6L la/5Ls] ?vjf Ps / 8f8'efO
..[25]
;|f]t M nIfLdf rf}w/L
lqggkf cf]v/f
;Gem\os uLt -5f]s|f g[TouLt_
xfF xfF /o ;f]g sxL 6Ssf lkof/ k/
w/xL
b'O kmn cd?t vfO{ . ;f]gsxL 6Ssf===
xfF xfF /o lgrsxLF rf]/ ks/ xd kfO{
lgrsxLF rf]/ ks/ xd kfO{ lgrsxL
====
xfF xfF /o p7f] xg'dfg vv/ xfFs kf/
b'OaL; zabf ;'gfO{ . p7f] xg'dfg
vv/ xfFskf/===
xfF xfF /o 6'/n kmn s};f 8fF/
nu}Aof
dn dg'vf s};f lho}Aof . 6'/n kmn
s};f=====
xfF xfF /o lbgx'F d/b ha lgle/ len
b'g' x'On ;dt'n . lbgx'F d/b ha====
xfF xfF /o rf/L k/u e'OFofF cfu'
;'/ g]un
w/dLnf] tn/L n5Ldfg . rf/L k/u
e'OofF=====[26]
cw/Tof uLt
xfF xfF /] r'nL rf}sf kf]6n ax'gf
eg;f nufcf]P
eg;f nufcf]P, s'Oof kfgL e/n ax'gf
..
xfF xfF /] r'nL gxL cfuL /] uu/f
gxL kfgL .
hgsL g} afn hgsL hgsL uf]x¥ofOg' ..
xfF xfF /] hgsL hgsL uf]x¥ofOg'
hgsL gxL x]n .
leQ/ x]/L cOg' gxLF x'Ot hgsL
s'jfF/
xfF xfF /] t/ 5fxLd /n ;'tfxf, pk/
;of{ Xof/n .
pk/ ;f]+RL x]/ f], /xgkg k't cf] x}
xf] ..
xfF xfF /] /xgkxg ;'tn ax'gf , pk/
;f]rL x]n .
d'/uf Ps af]nn /xgkg p7cf} x} x} ..[27]
laxGof uLt
Ps la5'/fn d} hfg' rfxfb ;'h .
/ftL la/ftL /fx'/] t d}t hfg' /
la5'/f la5'/f nufcf]P ;}of xf] .
Ps la5'/fn d} hfg' rsxL cf] rsjf .
cnuf lalnu} /fx'/] t d}t hfg' .
la5'/ la5'/f nufcf]P ;}gf xf] ..
ef]/ eOn leG;/Lof d'/uf Ps af]nn .
ef]/ eOn / laxfg p7f] kfkL / lkjf
cluof df]xL g} ;+3 ..
k'?as sf]gjf xf] 3/d b'jf/ .
h}af] a}s'G7 5f]/L hfa p7f] kfkL / ljxjf cluof df]xL g} ;+3f ..
r9gf rx]nL r]x]nL srfO ;df/f] .]
3'?s 3'?s p/L hfO{ p7f] kfkL /
lkxjf cluof df]xL g} ;+3f ..
ufO{ uf]? 5'l6/L u}n e}+O; 5Gbfxg .
;'?h p7n ;g;fx/] p7f] kfkL / lkxjf
cluof df]xL g} ;+3f .
cFugf axf/ t lkxjf ks/n alxof
cfa ;]gf] x] ;lvof xf]O{ /] 6'6L t
u}n /] l;/df]tL xdf/
6'6L t u}n x/jf/] 5'6/Lu}n df]tLof
cfa ;'gf] x} ;lvof xO/] lrlnof
;/u]/ d]?/ .[28]
;|f]t M nIdLdfg rf}w/L
lq= g= g= kf= l9sk'/
leG;lof
;f]gsL vl6of xf] ;Ltf dgx'F gxL
e}n,
;f]gsL vl6of xf] ;Ltf .
c/L x} kFy/Lofd s};s nf]xLof] xf]
;Ltf,
3/xL /xn ;'v' k}af] ..
;f]gsL emf/Lof xf] ;Ltf dgx'F gxLF
e}n
;f]gsL emf/Lof xf] ;Ltf .
c/L x] t'd/Ls] kfgL s};s lkxaf] xf]
;Ltf
3/xL /xn ;'v' k}af] ..
;f]gsL ylnof xf] ;Ltf dgx'F gxLF
e}n
;f]gsL yflnof xf] ;Ltf .
c/L x] kftsL kt/Lof s};s v}af] xf]
;Ltf
3/xL /xn ;'v' k}af] ..
vf6 ;f]xf/L cf] ;Ltf dgx'F gxLF e}n
vf6 ;f]x/L xf] ;Ltf .
c/L x] sf}g d'n'sjf kmn s};s xf]
;Ltf
3/xL /xn ;'v' k}af] ..[29]
sy'¥of uLt
yf¿ sfd s?loof ;fnL, yf¿ x'O6L hft
t'gs xdf/ ;fnL, df}sfn] xOn Eof6
al7g]jf leQ/ sf]G6L ef6', n'uf wgf{
ef}sf
Eof6 x'Ogf ef6', k/n cfh df}sf
yf¿ nfnf rf]lnof ;fnL, ph/ af
uf]lgof
d}of nfun ;fnL, k}n;] af]lnof
al7g]jf b"/;] cOnL df6',
df}sfn] la;fOb]cf]
g} lrgx;s nfun ufpF t slxb]cf]
yf xdf ufpFd ;fnL yf¿ 3/ aL; s'/
xdf/ ufpFs ;fnL gfd xf] l9sk'/
al7g]jf u/Lk af6L ef6' sf]GgLs eft
v}7L
;Ss'hflxg ef6' a'/fOnx;s b\ofv6L
yf¿ 3f]/fxL ahf/ ;fnL rnn af lkmlnd
n]gf dg af6 ;fnL ldn}aL s/d
al7g]jf aGjf h}xf] ef6' ;FSvf]s
sf7Ls/
cf; s/ xf] ef6', lhgk/xf] e/
yf¿ /fKtL n8\of ;fnL c6\6L af u08sL
xfF; v]ns] ;fnL lat}aL lhGbuL
al7g]jfM 3/s leQ/ ef6', xft wf]Ogf
wf]w¥of
c:;Lg 7'g]/ ef6' gr'Oof db¥of[30]
;|f]t M nIdLdfg rf}w/L
lq= g= g= kf=, l9sk'/
s7'¥of uLt
a6'lnof a}7}gf u'lnof/ c/xL .
;fnLg s] a}7}gf 3f]6}n ax/L ..
5}nL km"nf 6'/gf 5}nf ;fg
df/gf .
5}nL d';Ss xF;gf ..
;fnL t af6L u'nfkL /+u km"nfo;
.
k}+/s k}7gf xdf/ ;fnL t af6L ..
lkk/s jn6f dfFu ;Fjf/xf] .
ef6' df]/ lbxxL njfª
lh/ hjfOg d;nf lk;7L ld7 x'O7fsL
gfxLF
clg; ;'U3/ ;fnL dg k7f{ls gfxL
alxu] k'?/jf ntsL u}n afbn xf]
7fpF 7fpF l;+x/L nu} xf] ;fnL gh/L[31]
lbg grjf afx|df;f uLt
P g]pltg /fhf sf]tLg rf}lbz] .
b]z b]z /fhf g]ptf b]gf ..
P cfsfz g bfz xf] rGb| xf] t'xL .
36fd] g]pt] af;'sL gfu ..
P s}nf; klt;] dxfb]j rnLcfj} .
dfy] dfd't l;/ htfx' /vfP ..
P uf]s'n gu/L;] sGx}of rnL cfP .
xfy lnx]Fd'v d'/nL ahfj} ..
P n+sf klt;] /fj0f rlncfj} .
b]vL ;Ltf hfgsL u}nf nhfO{ ..
P a8] a8] b]pm pynf rs'jfO{ .
hfO{ hgsk'/ e}u}nf 7f8] ..
P c;Ldg wg'if v}+rL r9fO{ .
wg'if bj}/] 9fFP lu/fP ..
P df/] wg'if v}FrL r9fP .
;Ltf laofx] hj/] 3/ hfO{ ..
P /fd sx] ;gf]efO{ nlId0f .
wg'if b]vg/] xdx' rnLhfP ..
P cl;dg wg'if pgxL nfO{ cfg] .
wg'if b]vg]/ xdx' rnLhfO{ ..
P a8] a8] b]p p7n dg efO .
oxL a'lt wg'if h]lx/] r9fO{ ..
P lw/] lw/] /fd p7n dg;fO{ .
Ogfa'lt wg'if lnx]/ r9fO{ ..
P P}lrs] wg'if xf] v}+rL r9fP .
wg'if 6'/L gf} v08 nufP ..
P gf} v08 k[YjL pynf wx/fO{ .
P ;Ltf laofxl] ha/] 3/ cfO{ .
;abf uOnf k/z'/fd lhs] kf;] ..
P xd;] If]qL sf}gf] xf]O /fhf .
sf}tg k|e's] PsxL cfj} ..
P sf}g] sf}g] gfpt'xf/] .
cjw gu|L s] ljk| xdf/] ..
P /fd nId0f gfpF t'xf/] .cwlt d}
;'gt' gfp t'xf/] ..
lP ;'hf dufO{ h]gf xf]v] .
/fds} uf]8] pg}a' hodfnf ..
P sxt ;'bfdf gf/L d}jf/ sys' dfg .
tg e/ gt h/] k]6 e/ bfg] ..
P vg vg k|Llt hns/] c;gfg] .
tax'g bz[g lbxnf eujfg ..
P hfjt /xnL cfjw k'ufpF .
xdsf /fd s[i0f d/fd] ..
P gf/L sx] d} a/sf gf/L .
ha ts xnnL leq/xf] xdf/L ..
P k'/j];] pd/] sf/Lt] abl/of .
;vLP xf] kl5j} aiff{ emLg a'Fb ..
cxjfF;] pd]/ sf/Lt] ablof .
;lvof xf] sxjfF aiff{ lemg a'Fb ..
P c;f/ df;] s] cfg];Ljf wf/] .
a/;t d]3f rjfln; 3]/f ..
P e/L u}nf glbgf/f O;?g wf/ .
ao/L r9n cfj} df; ciff/] ..
P ;fjg ;hgL aif{ lemg a'Fb] .
Ps ;/ leh]/] b';/] gfxL sf]O{ ..
P leht a:q b'O{ yfg leh] .
;flds] ltns leh] dfy lnNxf/] ..
P efbf} jf] ejF/f u'h]/] lg;'tf/] .
sax'g 5'6]df]/] lkxfsk] ;+3ftL ..
P s'jf/ sGx}of hnd cf}tf/] .
g}gs] hn;] ;]b'/ klx/] .
P af]nt bnb'n s'/Lnt x+;f .
ao/L r9n cfj} efb| jf] df; ..
P 3/ 3/ gf/L klx/t sdfgL .
P xdx' ceflug kjft sxfF ..
P sflt{s clx/f rxfjt ufO{ .
x's/t ufO/] b'xg rnLhfj} ..
P h]xL lbgf bnn xf] sfnL gflug .
e'v] lkof;] bfO/] df/L lbxnf ..
P cuxg ljk|f lnxn cf}tf/] .
5'wf r/ cGg b]x'Oof ;+;f/] ..
P ahfjt dfbn gfrt sGx}of .
lagflkxjf df]/] s'5 g} ;wfj} ..
P kf}if df; k'; af]gqLxf] gf/L .
lemg e}nf s8f hf]jgf e}nf ef/L ..
P lox] b'g' hf]jgf eOu}n fe/L .
v]nf s/] h};] ags] dhf]/ ..
P df3 df; k/t kfnf b';fn .
cfFu hfF3 df]/ sfFk/ /vfo ..
lagf /] lkxjf df]/ hf8 glxhfP ..
P kmfu'g df;s} kmfu'gL aofn] .
rf/L cf]/ kftf e'O/] 3/x/fj} ..
P r}tdf; ag km'nL u}nf t};] .
km"njf nf]9g lkxf u}nf k?b]z
..
P af]ltg af]ltg klx/t r]/f .
rf} rGbg df]/ legtf z/L/ ..
P ;]jft rGbg a]nf aa'/f .
;fxP /f]s] df]/ hfdfs} b'jf/] ..
P a}zfv df; afFwt stf/L .
hfO{ s} /f]s] df]/ hgs} b'jf/] ..
P h]7 df; wfg u'7'lns kf;] .
b'lvof, b'lvof s] k'/f jfnf cf;] ..
P af]l6g af]ltg klx/t lr/f .
rf}d'v rGbgf df]/] legtf z/L/ ..[32]
;|f]t M uf]s'n rf}w/L
-lbg gr'jf gfr_
d3f}6f -dtfg c+ugd u}gf uLt_
b'/xL;] b]vn r]/Lof/L alxgL /x] xF
v;L P xf] Oxkft aO7f] /fhf /] xdf/
Ox kft aO7f] /fhf /] xdf/ /] xF
;vL P xf] , Ox kft aO7f] a/La/L
nf]u
Ox kft aO7f] ufpFs} dxtf] /] xF
;vL P xf] Ox kft aO7f] ufpFs]
ajnLof
sxfFd a}7oa' k'Qf kt}ofF /] xF
;vL P xf] , sxfF d a}7oa' k'Qf cfkg
..
sxfFd a}7oa' b/hLs} /] 5f]s/f /] xF
;vL P xf] sxfF d a}7oa' dgLxf/
cugf a}7oa' b/hLs} /] 5f]s/f /] xF
;vL P xf] ax/L a}7oa' dgf]x/
nfgf] nfgf] r]l/of s/Os dbLof /] xF
;vL P xf] ;efnf]u b]xf] / lkof ..
sxfF d a}7oa' algof ahf/ /] xF
;vL P xf][ sxfF d a}7oa' agLof ahf/
cugfd a}7oa' hf]nfxf ahf/ /] xF
;vL P xf] dysL ku'l/of lbxa' u/f ..[33]
;|f]t M /fdk|;fb yf¿
;f}l8of/ (
d3f}6f -nfx hfOa]/ u}gf uLt_
afasL ;u/ d'l/of nfxfg uOg' /] xF
;vL P xf] dysL l6s'nLof d5'/L n'6L
n}u] .
afasL ;u/d d'l/of nfxfg uOg' /] xF
;vL P xf] axfFsL 6l/of d5/L n'6L n}u]
afafsL ;u/d d'l/of nfxfg uOg' /] xF
;vL P xf] xfysxL r'l/of d5/L n'6L
n}u]
afsL ;u/d d'l/of nfxfg uOg' /] xF
;vL P xf] cfFvsxL sh'nf d6'/L n'6L
u}n] .
afasL ;u/d d'l/of nfxfg uOg' /] xF
;vL P xf] gfssxL glyof d5'/L n'6L
n}u] .
xfsL kf/n ufpF s6jnLof /] xF
;v P xf] ;ax' ldnL 6Lsf lnxg rnL
cfa .[34]
;|f]t M a]emnfn rf}w/L
;f}l8of/ bfª
lbg grjf, /fd algjf;
P Û s]jn s'rLnf s] s} 5n lsgf .
/fd nl5dg , /] ;Ltf enfb]gf
P vg dg eofpm caws} af;L
/fhf bzy t'hx' k/f0f
P Û ufFjt /xnL, c3s} af;L .
;'gt /xnL, caws} af;L
P 3/ c+ugf, df]xL s'5' g;3fP .
/f]bg s/}, sf]zNof xf] dfO{
P Û rnf] /fd ag kfp lkof/f
5fqL x+; dtf, p8L kfj}
P Û 5Lg Ps /fd, /fvf] landfP .
e/ g}gf/], b]vf} b'g' efO
c/ lk+/ydL /fiff} df]/]
/fd n5Ldg sO{ lx/bf nufO{
P Û 6'6'] s]sxL, sxL gxLF hfgf
P yf/L /xf] , t'x' /fd e'jfnf .
ca gfxLF 5f]/a', r/0f t'Dxf/
P xf] 5'/} g}gf, ;Ltf s} xf] aft] .
d} rln h}a', /3'gfy]s ;fy]
P Û ctgf arg sxL, k/gfdf
k/d ;g]xL, >L/fd eu'jfgf
P ylsu} kfpF, df]/ rnxL ghfo]
b'/L ujfg ;Ltf kx'Frfo
P Û bf/Lg b]j, pnL c/fO{ g yf/L
s/ hf] ;Ltf e}n] yf¿
P 3fO{ 3ds , ;Ltf cs'nfgL .
n5dg b]j/f, lkofj h'/kfgL [35]
;|f]t dx]z rf}w/L
-em'd/f uLt_
hf]luGof -s]xL c+z_
nf? d} hf/f} /fd nf}jfs] af/]
P};f j/ vf]hn]/] bo]jf n/Lsf chfg]
;t' sxL sxn' d} sf]/jf /fdf ;'tn
u'/L/Lof
c; /L; nfun bo]jf d}xg a'stf/L
c+u'/L ks/L xf] yfgL P xf] /fdf rnn
ah/jf .
k'5 nfu] zx/s nf]u] xf] nfuL t'xf/]
gfxL df]/] eo]jf etLhjf, /fdf gfxL
nfu] eo]jf .
lalws] lnvn k'?ifjf xf] ;dLof xdf/]
..bf]xf..
hf]jg x} tf] ;f]?k x}, uxs x} ;a
nf]u
Ps lbg hLjg n/Lo]s hfO aftg k'l5x}
sf]O{
..rf}kfO{..
k}of tf]]/] nfu' xf] /fdf oxfF /fdf
e}of /] atf]lxof .
ox kGy' b]vnf] ls gfxL df][ ;ldofs]
hfOt
sf}g /+u x], 3f]/jf xf] oxL /fdf
sf}g] /+u emf]nL .
x/] sf}g] j/gjf xf] ;dLof t'x/]
nfnL /l+u 3f]/jf x][ oxL ;a'h /+u
emfnL.
x/] ;jf/] a/gjfxL ;dLof xdf/]
b]vs b]vnL x] P xf] /fdf uf]s'n
gu/Lof
x/] tf]/] ;ldof ;L/;} ;vLof df]/]
d';ls/of
..bf]xf..
klxn du"g' jugsL dgLof k7jnxf
;vL sf}g ;fy c;s}g' ;Fu gfxL k}g'
xf]gf
u}g' s'ct k/ df]/ uu/L u}u} km'6L
/]xf
;vL spg pQ/ 3/ lbgf8f]/L u}n 5'6L
xf]gf
hf}g] 3f6 uu/L ga'/] hf}g] 3f6
xflyof nxfj} xf]gf .
;vL x+;f lkof; nufj} df]/] s]jn
s'dL nfj} xf]gf
;vL aL/ gfsL x} a/L yf]/} wlgof
e}n] 5f]6L/]xf
t'n;Lbf; anLhfgf z/0f z/0f uf]x/fj}
xf]gf
rf}kfO{
s]s/] c+ugfd] rGbg uf5 ?vjf ls h]xL
r9f]xf .
;vL s'x'ls s'x'lxs sf]on/ af]n] ls
cfFh' ;fhg 3/ PxL xf]
;fj/ s/g l;+uf/ ls cfFh' 3/ P]lx
xf]
c/L xf] df]tLg dfFu ;jf/] ls a]lgof
la/fhL /xf]
ct ;tn dx+uf klx/] ;fj/ ;f]xL /xf]
.
cl/ xf] lel5og s} emgsf/] ;}of dxL
x]/L /x]
/fdf afh] k+vf lahfoy ;+vf r'/Lnf ;f]x|} xf[]
?g em'g ?g em'g 3Ë/ ;f]xL /x]
;vLof cfd d3jb b'g' sf]5] 5Onf v]vL
df]xL /x]
..bf]xf–rf]kfO{..
klxn kj/ lgb /ltof, oxf] /fdf af]n]
nfu] d}gf
sa p7L u}n] and'jf d} gfxL b]v'
g}gf
b]f;/ kx/ gLb /ltof, oxf] /fdf
af]n] nfu] 3f]tf
x/] sa p7L u}n] and'jf xf] xfy]
hf]/L d+qf
lt;/] kx/ lgb /tLo, of] /fdf afn]
nfu} df]/jf
x/] sa p7L u}n and'jf xf] dlxb}s]
n'ujf
a6sL a6f]lxof xf] /fdf gfxL df]/]
nofjf
oxf k+y' b]vnf]ls gfxL lab]lzofs]
hfOt
b]vs b]vg' xf wgL oxf] /fd uf]s'nf
gul/of .
x/] ;f]/;} uf]kLgf n}s] sfGxf xf]
df/] d';sfP
..rf}kfO{..
;'tsxL sxn' xf] /fdf, P xf] /fdf
Ps];Fu ;]h] .
sa p7L u}nf and'jf xf cnkm aO;]
gf d} hgt' xf] /fdf lkxf h}x}/]
rf]/fO{
c; aw a+3t' xf] /fdf d} /]zd s}
8f]/L
/]zd s] 8f]/L xf] /fdf, P xf] /fdf
6'6L kmf6L h}xL .
x/] args afFwn ;'u'gf df]/ stx' g
h}x}[36]
;|f]t M dx]z rf}w/L
-@)#( M *–!)_
sx/f uLt -s]xL c+z_
p7f] cna]nL axfL8f/f] cugf
x}/] x}/] afxf/L 8f/f] cugf
P];f] cna]nL ax/L8f/f] cugf
ls6s} a9gL ls6s} awgf xf]
P};f] cna]nL afxf/L8f/f] cugf
;f]gs} a9gL ?ksgs{} aGwgf xf]
x}/] P;f] cna]nL afxf/L8f/f] cugf
P;f] cna]nL t]s/ laxfs} l;/;Lof xf]
.
x}/] p7 em6k6 afxf/L8f/L cugf
bf]xf–rf}kfO{
c/] afb/ pd/} lah'nL rds] t/jf/]
t/k
c/] ;]h kn+u k/] wlgs a]bjf rds]
/fv] b'k§f tfg
clvof sffx] nfuP lagfb]v] /xf gxL
hfP xf]
ef]/ xf]jtL p7nL wlgof xf] .
x}/] lnx'/L ax/nL cugjf ls hfO
uf]/Lof
cugf afxf/nL u/ u}n s6jfxf]
x}/] u/L u}n s6jf rdsf] u}n 5tLof
k}of tf]xL nfu' nx'/ b]j/jf xf]
x}/} sxf/L b]j b]j/f dlxg ;'t s6jf
uf]/ tf]/ b]v' ef}hL t?jf tf]/]
b]v' xf]]
x}/] gfxL b]v' ef}hL dlxg /; s6jf
hf3] tf]/] ys} b]p/f nfu} jfxf
tf]/] w'g
x}/] sxf/L b]j b]j/f dlxg /; s6s
b]p/f df]/] sfx} dlxg /; s6jf xf]
x}/] ;}of df]/] abg xf/L n]j}
..bf]xf rf}kfO{ ..
k'?j] lbzf;] pd/n sf/L ab/Lof xf]
x}/] p7 ab/L xf] lagf rf}nLs] ha'gf
s/} emu/f xf}
7Ls b'kxl/of sf]7/L e}n ;'g xf]
x}/] sf]7/Lof e}n ;'g 5}nf xd;]
dfu] tdvjf ;'g 5}nf
gbLof lsgf/] d} af]Og' c/;L xf]
x}/] af]Og' d} c/;L xf] ;'Gb/ t /
sf/0f rn} a/5L
gbLof lsgf/] af]Og' ;f7L xf]
x}/] af]n}{ 3+6f xf] af]n} 3f+6f
;'Gb/ tf]/ sf/0f rn} 6+6f
bf]xf–rf]kfO{
sxjfs] x/bL sxjfs] a/bLxf] .
x}/] x}/] s]s/ c+ugf uf]/Lof wfO/]
awfO{ xf]
k'/a]s x/bL kl5ps] a/bL
x}/] ;fj/ cfu uf]/Lof w/n wfj} xf]
..bf]xf–rf}kfO{..
x}/] /ft ca:td] ;fdL df]/] ?7n{ /]
x/] ?7nL an'd'jf rn} k/b]zjf
lkxjf dgfjt e}n] ef]/ xf]
x}/] df]xL 5f]/L lkxjf rn} k/b]z
xf]
a]/Lof s'a]/Lof vf]hL d} ;fdL xfl]
.
x}/} sxf gxL dgn] and'jf df]/] xf]
lkxjf s] sf/0f kng' d} hf]jgaf/]
x}/] cat e}n lga'jf cgf/ and'jf xf]
lagf lkxfs] ;}s;] s6}a' lbg /ltof
xf]
x}/] df]/ d'v b]vL lkxf lhgL hfa
lab]z
hf] t'x' lkxf h}af] gf}sl/of xf] .
x}/] xdx's af]xg] r}rf]n] lkxjf xf]
..bf]xf–rf}kfO{..
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kG5L nhd k}7' b'/L agn
nu}7"=========
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lev dfFus] n]s] ks}7' ..
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dlngf .
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nxg=================================
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xf]====================================
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cf] Ps lbg lxpFt/]====
Ps lbg lxpF t k/af] lag;]
xf] ;'gn lxpFtL
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x/] km'nf /3'Onf .
x/] af;'b]j ktfn] ..
x/] rln e}n lxpF lt/]
x/] a';'b]j ktfn
k'lu t u}n .
la/dnfn rf}w/L
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s}nfnL
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la5fOn /gLof km"nf l56/fOn x] .
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lr/L /fgL su8f agfOn x] .
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cfu]
kf5] lnvn /fgL OgL cf] laglt x] .
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s]s
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d'v] d} k7}a' ;Gb]zjf, lkxfs] va/ nO{ kfpF ..
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t] x]/n /fhf s}n larf/ x] .
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em'd/f uLt M em'd/f gfr gfRbf ufOg]
uLtnfO{ em'd/f uLt elgG5 . of] uLt vf; u/L bz} jf ltxf/sf] a]nf ufOg] ul/G5 .
o; uLt yl/ yl/sf /x]sf x'G5g\ . tL x'g\ ;f]/7L uLt / e/tfn uLt . ;f]/7L uLt
gfRg] a]nf ufpg] ul/G5 eg] e/tfn uLt aLrlar df la;fpg] a]nf ufpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . e'md/f gfr gfr]/ la;fpg] a]nf
dGb :j/df ufOg] uLtnfO{ e/tfn elgG5 . cyf{t Ps nx/sf] uLt ;lsPkl5 csf{] nx/sf]
uLt ufpg] s|ddf aLrsf] cjlwdf ;':tfpg] s|ddf of] uLt ufpg] rng /x]sf] 5 . [38]
e/tfn M
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b"/ b]nf] df]/] afaf, ;'gs] ?jfO{ 5'6\6f .
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;f]+rtL hfO6'F xf] afaf, s]l;s a}7a'F .
oxf]
afaf xdf/, gxL ldnn, Kof/ rnL hfO{ cfkg ;;'/fn .
;+u]
;Fu] v]Nnf] df]/] bfb', cfh;] la5f]/ x'O6f .
x;tL
x;tL hfO6', xf] bfb' cfkg lkxjf ;Fu .
oxf]
afaf, gxL ldnn\ Kof/ rnL hfO{ cfkg ;;'/fn .
;lvof
uLt
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8fg' l/ bfbf bl/pgf l/==========================
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hfg]a]nf ufOg] u/L laleGg vfn] k}of uLt 5g\ . To;dWo] s7l/of k}of nfUg] a]nf
ufpg] uLtsf] gd"gf o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
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sfGxf u'NnL b08f -v]ng} /] xfF _ @
cf]O;]
t/k] lhof df] xfO{ /] ;Fjfl/of /] xfF .
la/5L
aO7L sfGxf -al;of ahfj} /] xfF . _ @
cf]O;]
t/k] hLof df]/ xfO{ /] ;Fjfl/of /] xf] .
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lr'x/L sfGxf -dfdf d/g} /] xfF_ @
sG;f
d'jn efGhs xft xfO /] ;Fjfl/of .
hfp t'
sfGxf -uf]s'n gul/of /] xfF _ @
cf]O;]
t/k] hLof df]/ xfO /] ;Fjfl/of /] xfF .
uf]s'nd]
/fwf blxof -a]rg} /] xfF . _ @
kmf]l/b]j'
d]6'sL tf]xf/, xfO{ /] ;Fjfl/of /] xfF .
bz}sf] a]nf gflrg] ;Vof gfr gfRbf ufOg]
uLtnfO{ ;lvof uLt elgG5 . o; uLtdf k[YjL >[li6b]lv s[i0f hGd / s+zsf]
;b;Ddsf] 36gfs|d ;d]l6Psf] kfOG5 . ;lvof uLt ufpg] a]nf b'O{ 6f]nL /xg] ub{5g\
. klxnf] 6f]nLn] p7fg u/]sf] uLt csf{] 6f]nLn] ;f]xL cg';f/ bf]x¥ofP/ ufpg'
kb{5 . ;Vof gfrdf tLg lsl;dsf uLtx? ufpg] ul/G5 . klxnf]df ;Dx|f}lt, bf];|f]df
s[i0f lnnf / t];|f]df k}+of nfUg] u/L tLg yl/sf uLtx? ufOG5 . h'g 3/df uO gfRg]
ul/G5 ;f]xL 3/sf] ;a} b]jtfx?nfO{ >4fsf ;fy ;Daf]wg u/L ;Dx|f}tL uLt ;a{k|yd
ufpg] ul/G5 . of} uLt gufOsg ;lvof gfRg x'Fb}g . eGg] lgod /xL cfPsf] 5 .
To;kl5 s[i0flnnf ;DalGw uLt ufpg] ul/G5 . cGtdf k}of nfUg] a]nf jf hfg]a]nf
k}of nfUg] uLt klg ufOG5 .[39]
la/x}g rfFr/ uLt M
ggbL
x], tf]x/f s] e}of udf/ . 6]s
aGx[jf
aGxfo] u]n}, kf]v/L v'gfo u]n},
/f]kL
u]n} g]d'jfd] uf5 . ggbL x]===========.
Ps kft
x] g]d'jf b'O kft efo u]n},
c;x]
la;x] l56sn} 8f/ . ggbL x]=====. [40]
lhltof
kfjg emd6s uLt
afaf
df]/ njjn b'jf/xL ofd lgd'jf
rglgofs
ul5of xf]gf
afxL
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rs]jf lagx' xf]gf
n]x/fd
/x;f] ;ft'jf ePjf============[41]
a/sf axnf em'Ngf uLt
axnf
em'ntL df]]/] nx+uf gf kmf6] /] gf .
/df s]
df]/ ggbL kf6g hpOof a/sf bfb" /] gf .. ! ..
kf6g
x]/] u}n' d} kmf]6' lvr}g' /] gf .
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afaf/]
t} b]vg] aglhof k'?jf kf6g ahlof /]gf ..# ..
st/]sf
k/jt bvg] kf6g ahl/of /]gf .
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b]j] ;f]n/f gfss] gy'lgofO{ /] gf ..$..
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al7lgog /fd] /fd] s}nf /]gf .
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sxfF hfO6f] uf]xL dO{ hfOt' bvg]s b]z /]gf ..% ..
OGb/f
jgd] /fd lx/f]Gx em'n] hfOb] /]gf ..^..
/df
em'ngL em'nfO{s] dxtf] sxL a]6L ..&..
xy'lgs
aRrf cl;gf kl;gfO{ /]gf .
afaf /]
t} syf dg'Oof lhgL lbO; /]gf .
/df
cOtL cf] hOtL e'v] lkof;] k/L h}a' /]gf ..(..
a/sf axnf em'Ngf uLt M hjfg s]6Lx? kLª
v]Ng] a]nf ufpg] uLtnfO{ a/sf axnf em'Ngf uLt eGg] ul/gG5 . of] uLt vf;u/L udL{
df};dsf] a]nf ufpg] ul/G5 . 7"nf] ?vdf lkª agfO{ w]/} hgf s]6Lx? Ps 7fpFdf
e]nf eO{ of] uLt ufpFb} kfn} kfnf] axnf em'Ng] ub{5g\ . o; uLtdf t?gL s]6Lx?n]
cfkm\gf dfofn', ;+uL ;+lugL, afaf cfdf;Fu lajfxsf] nflu laGtL k'sf/ u/]sf]
;Gb]zn] el/k"0f{ syfa:t' /x]sf x'G5 . t?gL s]xLx? of] uLt ufpg] a]nf Ps
b'O hgf s]6fx? To; :yfgdf l6Sg ;Sg] cj:yf /xb}g . uLt} uLtn] laleGg vfn]
tl/sfn] luHofO{ eufpg] ub{5g\ .[42]
csf{]
syf a:t'nfO{ ;d]t]/ ufOg] cfsf{] axnf em'Ngf uLt o; k|sf /x]sf] 5 . h:t} ,
pt/s
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laxfg x'g] a]nf ufOg] uLt M
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k|;+u lrq0f ul/G5 .[43]
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36gfs|dx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfa]z ul/Psf] kfOG5 . [45]
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of] uLt
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cflb aLrsf] k|]d k|;+u emlNsPsf] uLtsf] afx'Notf /x]sf] x'G5 . [46]
o:tf] vfn] uLt yf? hfltsf] gofF aif{ /
7"nf] rf8sf] ?kdf ax' k|rltn df3 ! ut]sf lbg df3L b]jfgL a}7s ;sL ;s]kl5
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5g\ . o:tf uLtx? ufpg] s|ddf dfof lk/tLsf ;Gb]z w]/} h;f]n] lbg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
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x'G5 .[47]
nfnf uLt
Ox]
j};j d} sxf j} uj} jf} /] afaf,
Ox]
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Ox]==================
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5f]6;]
xf]O{ x} lwof/L ;ofg=============
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l8x'jfdf xnf] hf]Tbf ufOg] uLtnfO{ nfnf uLt elgG5 . o; uLtdf r]nLx?n] cfkm\gf
a'jf;Fu u'gf;f] ul/Psf ;Gb]zx? /xG5g\ . ;fy} cGo k|;+usf nfnf uLtfx? klg
kfOG5g\ . o; uLtsf] gd"gf tn pNn]v u/] cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .[48]
;hgf uLt
sFxj}
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xl/
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xl/
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;fFu]
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xl/
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s]+xLn]
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xl/
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;f;
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xl/
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of] uLt yf? ;d'bfodf ;hgf uLt vf; u/L
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. k|To]s Ps r/0f sf] uLt ufO;s]kl5 s'===========/f{ eGg] ul/G5 .
dlxnfn] ufpg] ;hgf uLtsf] Ps emns o;
k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 . h;df cfkm\gf] >Ldfg, ;f;' / ;;'/fnfO{ dL7f] dL7f] vfg]s'/f
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ul/Psf] 5 .[49]
asL{df/ uLt
o;
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a]a'l/s
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5f]nL
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lgkL
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uLtLnodf ufpg] ul/G5 . of] uLt vf;u/L c;f]h / sflt{s dlxgfdf ufOG5 . asL{df/
ufpFbf dfbn, 8km / 7"nf] vfn] emfn/ ahfpg] ul/G5 . of] uLt k|foM k'?ifx?n]
dfq ufpg] ub{5g\ .[50]
c:6LDsLs
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b'nxf / lghsf] cfdf, ;DwL ;DwLsf] cflb . of] uLt b'nfxfnfO{ n'uf nufO{ lb+bf,
lbpnL 8g]{ a]nf, b'nfxf al/oft k|:yfg ug{] a]nf nufot laleGg a]nf ufpg] ul/G5 .
o; uLtsf] s]xL c+z o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
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b'Nxf hGtL k|:yfg ug{] a]nfd rF8f]ndf r9]kl5 b'nfxfsf] cfdfn] ufpg] ub{l5g\ .
;fydf cGo dlxnfx? klg bf]x¥ofO{ ufpg] ub{5g\ .
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yf]/]
yf]/] dlbof a/fO{ b]pm, bf]lgof 5nsL hfO{ ..#..
xl/ Û
bflxg bf]gf afpF w/f], afpF bf]lgof bflxg wf/f] /] .
Ps bf]gf
kfFr hgx'g a/fO{ b]pm , b'g' ;DwL ldn hfpm ..$..
xf]nL ÷
kmu'jf uLt M
d3L uP
nfun ax't lbg xf] .
xf]/L
kxgf{ uLt –
x'u{]
/], x'u{] /], b'g' Ujf/f ;Fu} . x'u{] /] x'u{] /] b'g' Ujf/f ;Fu] .
;d|s
9f]tf km'Nu}n /] .
pKk/
nfu] 6]Dx|L, x'u{] /] x'u{] /] b'g' Ujf/f ;Fu] .
b'g'
uf]N/f ;Fu] .
of] uLt M kmfu' jf xf]nL ka{ dgfpg]
s|ddf ufpsf ;a} ls;fgx? e]nf eO{ cfkm\gf] dfGohgx?sf] 3/df uO{ hfF8 /S;L vfFb}
of] uLt ufpg] ul/G5 . uLt ufpFbf 8km / dfbn ahfpg] ul/G5 . ufpFsf ls;fg tyf
ls;fgL dlxnfx? cfcfkm\gf] em'08 agfO{ cfkm\gf dfGohgx?sf] 3/df uO{ kmfu'
dgfpg]nfO{ yf? efiffdf kmu'j}gf elgG5 . o;} a]nf ufpg] uLtnfO{ klg kmu'jf uLt
elgG5 . [51]
wdf/ uLt
8}of Ps
;dodg /], lkof n] ;'tg' e/ alxof l;/xfgL . 6]s
cGt/f M
n8Lof lsgf/] -emn/ /vf ;Fj/_ @
km"ng
km"n} cfsf;]
6'6]
km"n lu/] 5ltog k/
rf]lnof
d] bfu nufj} /] e/ alxof l;/xfgL . 8}of Ps ;dodg/], lkof==========
cGt/f M
v'/r v'/r c+ugf ax/g',
cFugf
axf/t v'nu}n crnjf
d} tf]
u}g' 8/fo, d} tf] u}g' nhfO e/ aFlxof l;/xfgL . 8}of Ps ;dodg /], lkof======.
cGt/f M
8u/] d] 8fx} /] a6f]lxof /] a6f]lxof /] .
3/xL d]
8fx} ;f;" ggbL .
;'tt
;]h lkof df]/ 8fx} , cfwL /ft lkof df]xL ;] kdgL dufj}
;]h
5f]/ d} kfgL k'ufp, dlxsf a'/f b'Mv nfu] /] e/ aFlxof l;/xfgL .
8}of Ps
;dodg /], lkof n]s ;'tg' e/ aFlxof l;/xfgL .
8}of Ps
;dodg /], lkof n]s ;'tg' e/ aFlxof l;/xfgL ..
wdf/ uLt M of] uLt vf;u/L sflt{s dlxgfdf ufpg]
ul/G5 . o} uLts]f ;fydf dfbn, 8km ahfpg] ul/G5 .[52]
t];|f] kl/R5]b
;'b"/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] juL{s/0f
#=! ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf] yf¿ ;flxTo n]vgsf] k[i7e"ld
g]kfnsf
kfFrcf]6f ljsf; If]q dWo] ;'b'/ klZrdf~rn If]q ;a}eGbf klZrdsf] If]q xf] . ljsf;sf
b[li6n] c? If]qeGbf k5fl8 k/]sf] of] If]q k|fs[lts, ;f+:s[lts tyf hftLo ljljwtf
ePsf] 5 . oxfFsf] ;dfh ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfo'Qm
5 / ;f+:s[lts lx;fan] ;d[4 5 .
yf¿x?sf]
pNn]Vo pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf s}nfnL, s+rgk'/sf yf¿x?sf] cfkm\g}
;+:s[lt /x]sf] 5 . nf]s k/Dk/fdf ;Lldt /x]sf] oxfFsf] nf]s ;flxTosf] ;+sng,
juL{s/0f / ljZn]if0f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . yf¿ nf]s;flxTo sYo ?kdf /x]sf] / df}lvs
?kdf hLljt 5 . yf¿ ;flxTo l;hgfsf] ;'?jft lgs} klxn]b]lv g} eP tfklg kl5 dfq
o;sf] n]vg k|sfzg ePsf] kfOG5 .
nfdf]
;do;Dd ;flxTo n]vgsf] k/Dk/f gkfOPklg kl5Nnf aif{x?df :yflgo :t/df kqklqsfx?sf]
k|sfzg sfo{ ePsf] kfOG5 . oL kqklqsfdf /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs Pjd\ ;flxlTos ljleGg
laifoj:t' ;d]l6Psf] kfOG5 . o;} qmddf lj= ;+= @)$^ ;fndf yf¿ laBfyL{ kl/jf/,
s}nfnLaf6 …6]Dx|LÚ gfds klqsf k|sflzt u/]sf kfOG5 . @)$* ;fndf …hf]UgLÚ jflif{s
klqsf /fdaxfb'/ / nId0f lszf]/ yf¿ -s}nfnL_ sf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5
. To;} aif{ …hf]ugLÚ gfds klqsf /d]z rf}w/L / ;fyLx? -s}nfnL_ sf] ;DkfbsTjdf
k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . la= ;+= @)$( df cho sl/ofd+3l/of -s}nfnL_ sf] ;DkfbsTjdf
…uf]DxflgofÚ c3{aflif{s klqsf k|sfzg ePsf] kfOG5 . @)%# df k~rf]bo dfla wgu9L,
s}nfnLsf hut /Tu}ofsf] ;DkfbsTjdf …6«f;gÚ gfds aflif{s klqsf k|sfzg ePsf] kfOG5
. @)%# df g} yf¿ sNof0fsfl/0fL ;ef, s}nfnLn] …cFVjfÚ gfds klqsf k|sflzt u/]sf]
kfOG5 . To;/L g} la= ;+= @)%$ df …lbofÚ gfds aflif{s klqsf s}nfnLsf /fdbLg
rf}w/L nufot $ hgfsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . To:t} s}nfnLs} hf]ugL
kl/jf/åf/f k|sflzt …hf]ugLÚ klqsf klg yf¿ ;flxTosf] lasf;df lgldQ cfkm\gf]
of]ubfg lbg] sfo{df nflu/Xof] . o;/L laleGg ;dodf k|sflzt kqklqsfx?n] yf¿
hghLjgsf lalaw kIfsf ;fy;fy} yf¿ ;flxTosf] lasf;sf lgldQ ;d]t ;xof]uL
e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . ;flxlTos s[ltsf] s'/f ubf{ la= ;+= @)#* df hf]gfk'/ ,
>Lk'/ -s}nfnL_ sf klt/fd rf}w/Ln] laleGg yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ;+u|x …;+3l/ofÚ
k|sflzt u/]sf 5g\ . la= ;+= @)%# df s}nfnLsf /]zdnfn rf}w/Lsf] …Ps7f] la/lxg
syfÚ gfds slatf ;+u|x k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . la=;+= @)%% df s}nfnLsf ;Gts'df/
sl/of d+3l/ofn] …h'eml/ofÚ gfds uLt / sljtf ;+u|x k|sflzt ug'{ ePsf] kfOG5 . la= ;+= @)%% df s}nfnLs} hf]u]7jf,
nId0f lszf]/ k|b]zLsf] …OHhts] bfdÚ syf;+u|x k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 .
o;/L
ljleGg s[lt Pj+ k|sfzg ufpF3/ ;dfhdf eO/xg] ePtf klg ltgsf] ;+sng Pj+ cg';Gwfg
sfo{ ul/g'sf] ;fy} vf]hL klg gx'g] x'Fbf
:yflgo ;dfheGbf aflx/ hfg gkfP/ To;} x/fpg] / lanfpg] u/]sf] klg kfOG5 . ;r]t
hfu?s k9flnvf au{n] ;dfhkof]uL snf, ;flxTo, ;+:s[lt Pj+ cGo lalaw kIfdf s]lGb|t
/rgf Pj+ s[ltnfO{ ;+sng, cWoog, laZn]if0f Pj+ cg';Gwfg sfo{ hf/L /fVg'kg{] x'G5
. laleGg /fhg}lts kl/at{gn] NofPsf] hl6ntfsf sf/of klg sltko ax'd'No ;fdfu|L
gi6 Pj+ ;dfKt eP/ uPsf] kfOG5g\ . ca To:tf lbg gcfpg\ eg]/ ;a}n] ;f]Rg'kg{]
cj:yf 5 . efjL k':tfn] cgle1 /xg'kg{] Pj+ yfxf gkfpg] l:ylt x'g' ;dfhsf] af}l4s
ljsf;df b[li6n] /fd|f] s'/f xf]Og
.
kl5Nnf] cjlwdf kmf6km'6
klqsf dfq x}g, ;flxlTos s[lt k|sfzgsf] Pp6f nx/ g} cfPsf] 5 . o;} qmddf la= ;+= @)%& ;fndf s}nfnLsf
dlg/fd rf}w/Lsf] …lawjfÚ pkGof; k|sflzt ePkl5sf lbgx?df qmdzM ;flxlTos s[lt k|sfzgsf]
gf}nf] r/0f klg k|f/De x'G5 . la= ;+= @)%& df s}nfnLsf afFw'/fd rf}w/Lsf]
;DkfbsTjdf …yf¿ ;fKtflxsÚ gfds klqsf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . o;} aif{ s}nfnLsf
hf]vg /Tu}ofsf] ;DkfbsTjdf …d'lQms 8u/Ú gfds klqsf k|sfzg eO{ $& c+s;Dd
k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . la= ;+= @)%* ;fndf s}nfnLs} lrq axfb'/ rf}w/Lsf]
;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt …;}xlrgÚ dfl;s klqsf cflbsf] k|sfzgn] o; If]qsf] hf?
hghLjgsf laleGg kIfsf ;fy} dft[efiff ;flxTosf lgldQ dfu{ k|z:t u/]sf] kfOG5 .
la= ;+= @)^) df s}nfnLsf ;gd rf}w/Lsf] ;DkfbsTjdf …lg;/fpÚ gfds yf¿ efiffsf]
;fKtflxs klqsf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . t/ of] klg nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg ;s]g . la=
;+= @)^) ;fndf /fds'df/ rf}w/L k|wfg;Dkfbs, nf]saxfb'/ rf}w/L ;Dkfbs Pj+ lbn
axfb'/ rf}w/L k|sfzs /x]sf …kx'/fÚ gfds yf¿ ;fKtflxs wgu9L, s}nfnLdf k|sflzt
eof] . la= ;+= @)^! ;fndf …lbofÚ q}dfl;s klqsf s}nfnLs} x]d/fh v8\sfsf]
;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . la= ;+= @)^! ;fndf g} wgu9L, s}nfnLaf6
…pFs'jf/ e]6Ú gfds dfl;s ;flxlTos klqsf k|wfg ;Dkfbs laxf/Lnfn rf}w/L Pj+
;Dkfbs cf]dk|sfz uf]Olhxf/ /xg] u/L k|sflzt eof] . yf¿ ;flxTosf] lasf;df o;n] pNn]vgLo
e"ldsf v]n]sf] kfOG5 t/ o;n] klg lg/Gt/tf kfpg ;s]g . la= ;+= @)^@ ;fndf …cFugfÚ
q}dfl;s klqsf s}nfnLsf s[kf/fd rf}w/Lsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sfzg ePtf klg nfdf]
;do;Dd rNg ;s]g . o;} aif{ …bf}gf a]a/LÚ gfds aflif{s klqsf sfo{sf/L ;Dkfbs
;'lgn rf}w/L / dx]z s'df/ rf}w/Lsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . o;/L
km'6kmf6 ?kdf lgl:sg] laleGg klqsf, d'vkq cflbn] cGo kIfsf] ;fy;fy} ;flxTonfO{
klg cleGg ?kdf c+ufn]sf] kfOG5 . nf]saxfb'/ rf}w/Lsf] ;DkfbsTjdf @)^@ df …xdf/
kx'/fÚ gfds cw{;fKtflxs klqsf k|sfzg eof] . ;f] klqsf kl5 b}lgsdf kl/0ft x'g
k'Uof] . yf¿ efiffsf] kqsfl/tfsf lx;fan] of] klqsfn] cfkm\g} vfn] Oltxf;
agfO{;s]sf] 5 . of] klqsf xfn -:dfOn rf}w/Lsf] ;Dkbfg, k|sfzgdf_ ;Dd klg lgaf{w
?kdf k|sfzg eO/x]sf] / o;n] ;flxTo laifos n]v /rgf k|sfzgsf] ;fy} ;flxTo ;DaGwL
cGo :tDe klg k|sflzt u/]sf] kfOG5 . la= ;+= @)^$ df wgu9Laf6 …hndf}tLÚ gfds
;flxlTos klqsf k|sfzg z'? ePsf] kfOG5 . ;f] klqsfsf] k|wfg ;Dkfbs d's]z 6]/f{,
;Dkfbsdf clagfz blxt / zld{nf ;[li6 rf}w/L /x]sf] kfOG5 . ;f] klqsf xfn klg k|sfzg
e}/x]s} 5 .
la=
;+= @)%& ;fndf s}nfnLsf hf]vg /Tu}ofsf] …rf]/fOn dgÚ gfds uhn ;+u|x k|sflzt
ePsf] s'/f cg';Gwfgstf{ s[i0f/fh ;j{xf/L / uf]kfn blxtn] cfkm\gf]
cg';Gwfgd"ns s[lt bibliography of
indigenous ethnic tharu
df pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . vf]hL ubf{ ;f] k':ts km]nf kg{ ;s]g . k':ts vf]hL /x]df
km]nf kg{ ;S5 . la= ;+= @)%* ;fndf dlg/fd rf}w/Lsf] …lxdfns] d':sfgÚ slatf
;+u|x / @)%( df …/;fOn s/dÚ syf ;+u|x k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . la= ;+= @)^) df
dlg/fd rf}w/Ls} …rDkf km'njf/ -e'md|f uLt ;+u|x_Ú k|sflzt x'G5 . @)^! df
dlg/fd}s} …b'lvof/L aluof -lv:;f sxfgL_Ú k|sflzt x'G5 eg] ;o} aif{af6 s[lt k|sfzg
sfo{df nSsL rf}w/Lsf] klg cfudg x'G5 . o;} aif} k|sflzt pgsf] …;lxbfgÚ uhn
;+u|xsf] k|sfzg;Fu} o; If]qsf] yf¿ uhn
n]vgn] Psk|sf/sf] ult k|fKt ub{5 . la= ;+= @)^@ df cfP/ cGo yk o'jfx? klg yf¿
;flxlTos s[ltsf] k|sfzgsf s|ddf hf]l8g
k'U5g\ . o;} aif{ dlg/fd rf}w/Lsf] …afk;] k't 1fgL, kmfF8fn] aemfO{ kfgL -slatf
;+u|x_Ú, sNkgf rf}w/Lsf] ph/n 3/b'jf/ -syf ;+u|x_Ú, 5lknfn rf}w/Lsf] …l5qn cIf/
-uhn ;+u|x_Ú , dgL/fd rf}w/Ls} …x/a8\8f -lgaGw ;+u|x_Ú / nSsL rf}w/Lsf] …ltx'jf/
-;f+:s[lts n]v ;+u|x_Ú k|sflzt eof] . la= ;+= @)^# ;fndf cfP/ s[lt k|sfzgn] cem
Aofks ult lnPsf] kfOG5 . o; aif{ zld{nf rf}w/L …;[li6Ú sf] dgs] km"nf -sfAo_,
t'nf/fd rf}w/L …;gdÚ sf] …t'lxg pkxf/ -xjfO{ xfOs'_Ú, hLt axfb'/ rf}w/Lsf] …oL
hLts] x6n slatfÚ, lbnaxfb'/ rf}w/Lsf] …;Gb]z wdf/ -wdf/ uLt ;+u|x_Ú, bLk nfOkm
s]o/sf] …t'xf/ nu km"nf -slatf ;+u|x_Ú, ef]h /fh rf}w/Lsf] …ltl/of hnd
-pkGof;_Ú, d's]z 6]/f{sf] …km"nf -slatf ;+u|x_Ú, nSsL rf}w/Lsf] …cGtef{j
-g]kfnL÷yf¿ uhn ;+u|x_Ú / lx/fnfn rf}w/Lsf] …b'Mvs] ef}/L -syf ;+u|x_Ú k|sflzt
ePsf] kfOG5 . la;= @)^$ df cfP/ lx/fnfn rf}w/Lsf] …r6gL -xfF:oAoUo ;+sng_Ú,
zld{nf rf}w/Lsf] …b'Mvs] xNsf]/f -pkGof;_ / d's]z 6]/f{sf] …nfn d'/} -syf
;+u|x_ k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . dfly pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ n]vs s}nfnL lgjf;L g}
x'g\ .
;'b'/
klZrddf /x]sf /fgf yf¿sf] cfkm\g} df}lns ;flxTo ePklg Tof] df}lvs ?kdf g} ;Lldt
/x]sf] 5 . z}lIfs Pjd\ ;fdflhs ?kdf Tolt cufl8 cfpg g;s]sf] /fgf yf¿ ;flxTosf]
lasf;sf nflu la= ;+= @)%(÷@)^) df u/]/ …/fd /fdÚ klqsfsf b'O{ c+s gf/bd'lg /fgf
/ Zofdnfn /fgfsf] ;DkfbsTjdf wgu9Laf6 k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . To:t} la= ;+= @)^!
;fndf wgu9Laf6 …nvjf/LÚ gfds klqsf hLjg /fgfsf] ;DkfbsTjdf k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . o;
afx]s km'6s/ ?kdf yf¿ efiffdf n]v /rgf k|sfzg ug{] sfdx? ePsf] kfOG5 . s7l/of
efiffdf s[lt kqklqsf k|sfzg ePsf] 5}g .
la=
;+= @)^% df k|sflzt …;'b'/ klZrdf~rndf dft[efiff ;flxToÚ o; If]qdf dxTk"0f{
sfo{ xf] . o; s[ltdf ;'b'/klZrdsf]
dft[efiffsf] ljsf;qmdnfO{ k|:t't ug{] qmddf yf¿ ;flxTosf] Oltxf;nfO{ k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 . la= ;+= @)^% df af;'b]j efO;faåf/f lnlvt Pj+ k|sflzt …yf¿ nf]s
;flxTo kl/ro sf]ifÚ df yf¿ nf]s ;flxTosf laleGg kIfsf] kl/ro lbOPsf] 5 . @)^@
df nSsL rf}w/Lsf] …ltx'jf/Ú k|sflzt eof] . o;df yf¿ nf]ska{sf] kl/ro lbOPsf] 5
. kbd/fh hf]zL …k|eftÚ åf/f la= ;+= @)^$ df lnlvt …;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] ;dfh /
;+:s[lt Ps emnsÚ df yf¿ hfltsf] ;fdfGo kl/ro lbOPsf] 5 . la= ;+= @)^^ df
af;'b]j efO;fasf] …8f]6]nL k|b]zsf] nf]safªdo sf]zÚ df yf¿ nf]suLt k|:t't ug'{sf
;fy} yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf laleGg kIfsf] laZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\= . la= ;+= @)^% df
dgf]x/ nfld5fg]åf/f lnlvt …nf]s ;flxTo / ;+:s[ltsf s]xL kf6fx?Ú gfds s[ltdf
/fgf yf¿x?sf s]xL uLtx? k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
#=@ ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] yf¿ nf]suLtsf] juL{s/0f
;'b'/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] juL{s/0f ug'{ cuf8L g]kfnL nf]suLtsf ;Gbe{df g]kfnL
nf]suLtsf cWo]tfx?n] u/]sf juL{s/0f cfwf/x? k|:t't u/L ltgs} cfwf/df ;'b'/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] auL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
nf]s;flxTosf
cWo]tf qmddf sfhLdfg sGbªjfn] g]kfnL nf]suLtsf] auL{s/0f ug{] qmddf nf]suLtnfO{
;sd{s / csd{s u/L b'O{ efudf afF8L To;sf e]b / pke]bnfO{ klg 5'6\ofPsf 5g\ .[53] To:t} u/L csf{] cWo]tfåo wd{/fh
yfkf / x+;k'/] ;'a]bLn] …g]kfnL nf]s;flxTosf] ljj]rgfÚ df ;fdfGo uLt, ;+:sf/
uLt, Ct' jf a|t;DaGwL uLt, sd{ uLt, ka{uLt, nf]sg[Tod"ns uLt / lalaw u/L ;ft
k|sf/n] g]kfnL nf]suLtnfO{ juL{s/0f u/]sf 5g\ [54] To:t} u/L nf]s;flxTosf lj1
;Todf]xg hf]zLn] g]kfnL nf]suLtnfO{ cf7 efudf laefhg u/]sf 5g\ . tL x'g\M
s_ ehgsf ?kdf ufOg] nf]suLt
v_ g[To;Fu plgPsf nf]suLt
u_ k|]ddo hLjg;Fu ufFl;Psf nf]suLt
3_ rf8jf8;Fu ;dGjo ePsf nf]suLt
ª_ ;fdlos nf]suLt
r_ o'4 If]qdf k|f0f ;+rf/ ug{]
nf]suLt
5_ syf ufFl;Psf nf]suLt .[55]
nf]s ;+:s[ltsf cWo]tf
sfnLeSt kGtn] g]kfnL nf]suLt gf} k|sf/sf ePsf] pNn]v ub{} ltgLx?sf] ;+lIfKt
kl/ro lbg] k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . tL x'g\M
s_ /fi6«:tl/o uLt
v_ lhNnf:tl/o uLt
u_ u|fd:tl/o uLt
3_ hflt:tl/o uLt
ª_ kj{:tl/o uLt
r_ nf]sgf6\o:tl/o uLt
5_ sfo{:tl/o uLt
h_ Ct':tl/o uLt .[56]
o;/L
g} r'8fdl0f aGw'sf cg';f/ ;fdfGo uLt -;w} ufOg] Psn, ;fd"lxs / bf]xf]/L_ /
lalzi6 uLt -wfld{s uLt, ;+:sf/ uLt, ka{uLt / >duLt_ u/L b'O{ k|sf/n] laefhg
u/]sf 5g\ .[57] To:t} u/L s[i0fk|;fb k/fh'nLsf
cg';f/ g]kfnL nf]suLt jif{rlqmo / hLjg rlqmo u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf 5g\ .[58]
o;
cWoogdf dflysf laåfgx?n] u/]sf g]kfnL nf]suLtsf cfwf/x?nfO{ dfg]/ ;'b'/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtnfO{ lgDg cg';f/ laefhg ug{ ;lsG5 .
!_ ;+:sf/ uLt
@_ Ct'sfnLg uLt
s_
ka{ uLt
v_
sd{ uLt
#_ afx|df;] uLt
$_ cGo uLt
s_
tGqdGq;Fu ;DalGwt uLt
v_
afnuLt
u_
ehg
3_
;f]ª uLt
-ª_
;d;fdlos uLt
kl/R5]b rf/
;'b"/ klZrdf~rnsf
yf¿ nf]suLtsf] laZn]if0f
$=! k[i7e"ld
;'b'/
klZrdf~rn If]qsf] s}nfnL / s+rgk'/df a;f]af; ug{] yf¿x?sf] cfkm\g} hLjgz}nL
Pjd\ ;+:s[lt /x]sf] kfOG5 . yf¿ nf]shLjgsf cg]sf kIfx? yf¿ nf]suLtx? cleJoSt
ePsf] kfOG5 . yf¿ hLjgsf ;'v–b'Mvsf cg]s efjx?sf ;fy} lautb]lv jt{dfg;Ddsf cg]s
dfGotf, b[li6sf]0f Pjd\ k|rngx? o;df cfPsf] kfOG5 . ;fdflhs lasf;qmdn] dflg;x?sf]
;f]rdf kl/at{g Nofpg] qmddf yf¿x?sf] hLjg Pjd\ ;+:sf/df qmdzM kl/at{g x'Fb}
cfPsf] 5 . Psflt/ k/Dk/fut rng Pjd\ ;+:s[ltsf kIfx? e'Nb} uPsf] kfOG5 eg]
csf{]tkm{ gofF ;+:s[ltnfO{ klg k"0f{?kn] cfTdf;ft ug{ ;s]sf] kfOFb}g .
k'/fgf] a'9f] k':tfn] cfkm"df /x]sf 1fg gofF k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;s]sf]
5}g eg] gofF k':tf klg cfw'lgstfsf] rSs/df kmF;]/ k'/fgf] s'/faf6 a]va/ 5 .
yf¿
nf]s;flxTo cToGt wgL 5 . nf]suLt, nf]ssyf, pvfg, r'6lsnf, ufpFvfg] syf, cflb
nf]s;flxTo yf¿ ;d'bfodf k|rlnt 5g\ . tL ;fdu|Lx?sf] lnlvt clen]v /fVg g;Sg'
k'/fgf] k':tf;Dd dfq ;Lldt /xg' cflbn] ubf{ Tof] To;} x/fpg] vt/f a9\b} uPsf]
kfOG5 . yf¿x?sf] nf]shLjgsf cg]sg ;d"x kIf 5g\ . gofF k':tfn] nf]s;flxTosf]
;+sng, cWoog, cg';Gwfg yfNg] xf] eg] Pp6f ;d"x nf]sk/Dk/f Oltxf;df dfq
x}g, at{dfgdf klg lhljt /xg ;S5 . ef]lnsf] lk9Ln] cfkm\gf] Oltxf;, k'vf{ /
;+:s[ltsf] af/]df yfxf kfpg] / ua{ ug{;Sg] cj:yf Nofpg lzlIft o'jfx? cufl8
cfpg'k5{ . g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf k5fl8 k/]sf] If]q, To;df klg k8fl8 k/]sf] ;d'bfosf]
;+:s[ltsf] pTyfg cfjZos e};s]sf] 5 .
$=@ yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ljZn]if0f
;'b'/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ ;d'bfodf laleGg vfn] nf]suLtx? k|rngdf 5g\ . tL nf]suLtx?df yf¿
nf]s hghLjgsf] emNsf] kfOG5 . yf¿x?sf] /xg;xg, ;+:s[lt Pjd\ ;f]r tL uLtx?df
k|ltlaDag x'G5 . yf¿ nf]suLtx? ;a} pd]/ ju{sf dflg;x?n] ufpg] vfnsf 5g\ . sltko
uLtx? Psn ufog ul/G5 eg] sltkodf ;fd"lxs ?kdf ufog Pjd\ g[To ;d]t ul/G5 .
;fd"lxs ufog;Fu} ;fd"lxs g[To klg ul/G5 . o;df dlxnf k'?if ;a}sf]
;dfg ;xeflutf kfOG5 . yf¿ nf]suLtdf kfOg] ljz]iftfsf cfwf/df ltgsf] ljZn]if0f
ug'{ pko'Qm 7xg{ hfG5 . t;y{ yf¿ nf]suLtsf ljz]iftfsf cfwf/df oxfF ljZn]if0f
ul/Psf] 5 .
$=@=! gf/Lsf]
sf]0faf6 k|:t't yf¿ nf]suLt
;+;f/
gf/L / k'?if b'a} kIfsf] ;dembf/L / ;xsfo{n] cuf8L a9\b5 . Pp6fsf] dfq
cg'kl:ylt x]g]{ xf] eg] kfl/jfl/s Pjd\ ;fdflhs Aoj:yf cuf8L a9\g ;Sb}g . yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/Lx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] kfOG5 . gf/L hLjgsf
;+of]u ljof]u, cfzf lg/fzf clg pTsif{ cksif{sf laleGg efux? oL uLtx?df cfPsf
kfOG5 . Psflt/ ;xeflutfsf b[li6n] gf/Lx?sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf]
kfOG5 eg] csf{]lt/ uLtdf al0f{t gf/L e"ldsf klg sd 5}g .
yf¿
nf]suLtsf] ufog / g[Todf gf/Lx?sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"k0f{ /x]sf] kfOG5 .
k|foM ;a} nf]suLtx?df gf/Lx?sf] e"ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 . sltko uLtx? gf/Ln]
dfq ufpg] vfn] x'G5g\ eg] sltko uLtx?df gf/L / k'?if b'a}n] ;dfg ;xeflutf
hgfPsf x'G5g\ . oL nf]suLtx?df gf/LnfO{ lalaw e"ldsfdf pEofOPsf] kfOG5 .
kfl/jfl/s ;DaGwsf e"ldsfsf cfwf/df gf/LnfO{ laifo agfpg] uLtx? /rgf ul/Psf
kfOG5g\ .
s_ cfdfsf] ?kdf gf/L
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ cfdfsf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . oL nf]suLtdf cfdfnfO{
;Gtfgsf] elaiok|lt lrlGtt b]vfOPsf] 5 . ;Gtfgsf] enf]sf] nflu nflukg{} ?kdf b]vfOPsf]
5 .
lbg–lbg
n/sf x'On /] ;ofg
lbg–lbg
n/sf axf/g nfu ..
o;df
5f]/f lbgbg} 7"nf] x'g nfu]sf] / a9\g yfn]sf] k|;+u cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5 . ca
s;/L x]/larf/ ug{] / p;nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] lrGtf klg o;df /x]sf] kfOG5 .
v_ kTgLsf ?kdf gf/L
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ kTgLsf ?kdf klg lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 . kltsf] ;'v b'Mvdf
;xefuL x'g], ;/n, st{Aok/fo0f gf/Lsf ?kdf lrq0f ul/Psf] b]lvG5 .
cf]
bz/y /fhfs ltgx' /flgof,
ltgx'
/lgog Psf]g} k'q
Ps5q
/fhfs ltgx' /lgof,
ltgx'
/lgos Psf]g] k'q ..
o;df bz/y /fhfsf tLgj6f /fgL eP/
klg Pp6f klg ;Gtfg gePsf] k|;+unfO{ p7fPsf] 5 . To;/L g} klt;Fu 5'l6g kbf{sf]
kL8f o;/L /fgf yf¿ uLtdf AoQm ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
g}gf
df]s] lgwg ca{] alnof k8f] k/b]z}
s'Fj/
s/f/ s/L lkof xd;] lgt ;kgf]d}
pemsL
k8f] /] g alndf g :jfdL
klt k/b]z uPsf]n] >LdtLn]
cfkm\gf] klt;Fu;Fu} a:g gkfP/ k/b]zL kltnfO{ ;Fu} a;]sf] klt 3/df cfPsf] ;kgf
b]v] klg lakgfdf gkfpFbf uLtaf6 a]bgf kf]v]sf] kfOG5 .
u_ ;fyLsf ?kdf gf/L
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ ;xof]uL ;fyLsf ?kdf klg lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 . cfkm\gf
;fyL;FuftL;Fu a:bf p7]sf efjgfx?nfO{ uLt dfkm{t k|s6 ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
ca
;'gf] ;vL /] ka{] kjg rnt lg;L af;/, ca ;'gf] x] ;vL /] .
pd/
3'd/ wg 5fo v;L, rx'F lblz ab/L 3]/g nfu] .
ca
;'gf] x] ;vL x], ug{g k'g s] klkxf af]n] ls ca ;'tf] x] ;vL /] ..
k"j{df
xfjf rNg nfu]sf] 5 . rf/}lbzf pd8 3'd8 eO/x]sf] 5, afbnn] cfsfz 9fSg nfu]sf] 5
/ uh{g klkxf k+IfL af]Ng nfu]sf] 5 eg] cfkm\gf ;fyLx?nfO{ eg]sf] / k|s[ltsf]
sfvdf /dfPsf] k|;+u of] uLtdf cfPsf] 5 .
3_ k]|ldsfsf ?kdf gf/L
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ k]|ldsfsf ?kdf klg k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . cfkm\gf] k|]dLk|lt
cfzSt, p;sf] enf] rfxg] e"ldsf gf/Ln] v]n]sf] oL uLtx?n] bzf{Psf] kfOG5 .
;fhg
df]/ cf] dLt, t'lxg anfP df]/ df] uLt xf] .
gfpF
ufpF d} s'5 g}hfg', cl/ xf] s}l;s 8]ax'F d} lkof x] ;Gb]z
clvFof
dfl]/ oL sa;d t/;L < abl/of sa a/;L xf] <
e/nL
aof;js ca lbg df]/, cfh hfo g t] xf] lat ..
o;df
k]|ldsfn] cfkm\gf] k]|dLnfO{ af]nfPsL l5g\ . d]/f] uLtn] ltdLnfO{ af]nfO/x]sf]
5 . ltd|f] ufpF7fpF clg gfd klg dnfO{ yfxf 5}g , d ltdLnfO{ s;/L ;Gb]z lbg;S5'
/ < d]/f] hjfgL klg To;} v]/ uO/x]sf] 5 . ca lbg o;/L s6\g ;Sb}g eg]/
cfkm\gf] k|]dL;Fu k|d] ofrgf u/]sf] kfOG5 .
ª_ a'xf/L, efph"sf] ?kdf gf/L
yf¿ nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ a'xf/L,
efph'sf] ?kdf klg k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
3/xL
d] 8fx} ;f;' ggbL
;'tn
;]h lkof df]/ 8fx}, cfwL /ft kLof
df]xL
;] kfgL dufj} ..
3/df
;f;', ggb 5g\ . cfwf /ftdf >Ldfgn] d;Fu kfgL dufpF5g\ eg]/ oL uLtdf elgPsf]
5 cyf{t 3/df a'xf/L, efph'sf] kdf /xg' k/]sf] s'/f o; uLtdf bzf{OPsf] 5 .
r_ 5f]/L, alxgLsf] ?kdf gf/L
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/LnfO{ 5f]/L, alxgLsf] ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . cfkm\gf] 3/
uPklg dfOtLsf] ;Demgf ug{] u/]sf] k|;+u uLtdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
afaf
df]/ nfjn b'jf/xL ofd lgd'jf
rglgofs
ulbof xftf
afxL
bfn nfjnL lx8f]njf sL
e]of
df]/ em'nn xf]gf
3/df
a'afn] laleGg af]6la?jf nufPsf] / efOn] lkª v]ln/x]sf] x'g;Sg] k|;+unfO{ o;
cleAoQ ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf uLtx? lhltof ka{sf] a]nf ufOg] ul/G5 .
o;/L
oL uLtx?df /xj]sf gf/Lx? ljleGg ju{sf /x]sf kfOG5g\ . Psflt/ /fhf dxf/fhf
kl/jf/sf gf/Lx?sf] a0f{g ul/Psf] kfOG5
eg] csf{]lt/ dWod Pjd\ lgDg auL{o gf/Lx?sf] lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 . k'/f0fdf jl0f{t
gf/L kfqx? pRr /fhkl/jf/;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\ eg] dWod Pjd\ lgDg au{;Fu ;DalGwt gf/L
kfqx? ;dfGo kl/jf/;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\ . s[lif sfo{;Fu ;DaGw ePsf gf/Lx?sf] lrq0f
a9L dfqfdf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . 3/ kl/jf/df sfddf v6\g' kg{], >Ldfgx? sfdsf]
vf]hdf k/b]z a:g' kg{], dfOtLx?;Fu slxn] sfFxL dfq e]6\g kfOg], rf8ka{sf ak]nf
dfq dgf]/+hg ug{ kfOg] h:tf s'/fx? yf¿ gf/Lx?df kfOG5g\ . kl/jf/ Pjd\ ;dfhdf
ljleGg e"ldsf jxg ug'{kg{], sfddf hf]ltg' kg{] ;d:of klg oL uLtx?df
cleAoQm 5g\ .
nf]suLtx?
nf]s hghLjgsf emns x'g\ . nf]s hLjgsf syf Joyf oL uLtx?df kfOG5 . s'g} klg
hfltsf] ;fdflhs lasf;s|dnfO{ x]g{] xf] eg] pgLx?sf] nf]s ;flxTonfO{ klg a'em\g'
kg{] x'G5 . yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf] cWoogaf6
xfdL yf¿ ;dfhsf laz]iftf Pj\ ToxfF eP/s k|rng, dfGotfnfO{ a'em\g ;S5f}+ .
;fdflhs ?kdf rn]sf /fd|f kIfnfO{ phfu/ ug{ ;S5f}+ / g/fd|f] rng x6fP/ ;dfh pkof]uL agfpg ;S5f}+
.
yf¿
nf]suLtx? uofTds / nofTds 5g\ . ufog ;Fu;Fu} g[Tosf ?kdf klg oL uLtx? k|:t'
ul/Psf kfOG5g\ . uLtx?df ;fdfGotof ^ Znf]s b]lv lnP/ a[xt dxfsfAo :t/sf nfdf
k|sf/sf klg kfOG5g\ . yf¿ nf]suLtsf] efiffz}nL ;/n Pjd\ >[ltdw'/ 5g\ .
g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ?kfGt/0fdf laleGg efiffefifLsf] of]ubfg ePh:t} yf¿ nf]suLtn]
g]kfnL nf]suLt k/Dk/fnfO{ ;d[4 kfg{] lglZrt 5 . yf¿ ;+:s[lt klZrd g]kfnsf] ;d[4
;+:s[ltsf] ?kdf /x]sf] s'/f tkm{ ;a}sf] Wofg hfg' cTofjZos e};s]sf] 5 .
$=@=@ afnaflnsfsf
sf]0faf6 yf¿ nf]suLt
afnaflnsf
;a}nfO{ Kof/f] nfU5g\ . yf¿ hghLjgdf klg afnaflnsf ;DaGwL uLtx? k|rngdf /x]sf
5g\ . o:tf uLtx?df afnaflnsfnfO{ e'nfpg], pgLx?nfO{ lzIff lbg] ;fy} pgLx?sf]
1fg a9fpg] sfd ul/G5 . yf¿ nf]suLtdf afn nf]suLtsf] k|rng Tolt ;fx|f]
ge]l6Ptfklg cf+lzs ?kdf o:tf uLtx? ufOPsf] kfOG5 .
nfn'
nf' afa', /f]O7 sa' sa'
ta
hfs] 8fO{, cfO7 b"3 v'jfO{ ..
o; afn nf]suLtdf ;fgf]
gjhft aRrfnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]/ pm slxn] sfFxL ?g] u/]sf], /f]Psf] b]Vbf p;sf] cfdf
cfP/ b"w v'jfpg] u/]sf] k|;+u cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5 .
s,
v, u, d} km]g kx|a'F
hf]ugL,
sGx}of ;Fu km"nf nf]xFa' ======
o;
uLtdf !), !@ aif{sf] aRrfsf] k9k\g] sfdk|ltsf] tTk/tf / ;fyLx?;Fu km"n
Nofpg] u/]sf] s'/f agfOPsf] 5 .
To:t} u/L csf{] afn uLt o; k|sf/
/x]sf] 5 .
rGbf
dfdf tf/] cfp, glbof lsgf/] cfp
;f]g]s]
s6f]/fd] b"w eft n]s] cfp
xd/
e}ofs] d'x]d u'k x'O{ hfp
o;
uLtdf rGb|dfnfO{ gbL lsgf/ cfpg cfAxfg ul/Psf] 5 . ;'gsf] s6f]/fdf b"w eft
lnP/ cfpg / efOsf] d'vdf hfg eg] elgPsf]
5 .
yf¿
afn nf]suLtx? b'O{ rf/ x/kmsf kfOG5g\ . oL uLtx?sf] efiffz}nL ;/n tyf nofTds
/x]sf kfOG5 .
$=@=# yf¿ nf]s
dxfef/t asL{df/
nf]s
hLjgdf laleGg vfn] cfVofgfTds ufyfx? k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . Oltxf;, ;+:s[lt /
k'/f0f;Fu ;DalGwt 36gfs|dx?nfO{ ;d]6]/ o:tf ufyfx? lgdf{0f ul/G5 . k/Dk/f b]lv
cg]s k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf o:tf ufyfx?df dfgj ;Eotfsf laleGg r/0fdf
dflg;n] ef]Ub} cfPsf o'4, zflGt, clg 1fg lj1fgsf cg]sg kIfx¿ kfOG5g\ .
asL{df/
yf¿ hfltdf k|rlnt cfVofgfTds /rgf xf] . of] ef/tLo afªdosf k|rlnt cfVofgx?df
cfwfl/t 5 . o:tf s[ltx? s'g} AolQm ljz]ifn] l;h{]sf] geO{ nf]sfg'e"lt /
nf]sleAolQmsf] sf/0f nf]såf/f ckgfOPsf] x'G5 . als{df/ yf¿ nf]ssfAo dWo] lalzi6
:yfg /fVb5 . dxfef/t -als{df/_ dxlif{ Jof;n] cfkm\gf] lgd{n 1fgåf/f /rgf u/]klr
pgn] cfkm\gf lzio a}zDkfognfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/], h;af6 k'gM ;'htLnfO{ of] 1fg
x:tfGtl/t eof] . o; u|Gydf sfAox? ylkb} uO{ o;sf] cfsf/df klg a[l4 x'Fb} uof] /
ljleGg efiff eflifsfdf uP/ cfkm\gf] :yfg agfpg ;Sof] . [59]
asL{df/sf
k|d'v kfqx? >Ls[i0f -sfGxf_, u|fDob]jtf -e"FOXof/_ sf] ?kdf u|fDo
b]j:yn -7GXjf_ df :yflkt wd{/fw o'lwli7/ -h'l6L7/_, yf¿x?sf] clt lk|okfq
lazfnsfo eLd -eLjfF_, cIfoqf]0f ch'{g, kl08t gs'n -gs'/f_ / ;xb]j -;lxb]j_
/x]sf 5g\ . als{df/df pQm kfqx?sf ;fy} s'GtL, eLid, s0f{, bof{]wg, eubGtf,
sk0f{, r'r+s, b|f]0ffrfo{, la/f6, b|f}ktL, pQ/s'df/ cflb kfqx?sf] rl/q lrq0f
ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
asL{df/sf]
k|f/Dedf cfkm\gf b]jLb]jtfsf] k'hf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . :t'lt ul/Psf] kfOG5, h;nfO{
;d/f}6L elgPsf] kfOG5 . To;kl5 kfFr kf08jsf] :t'lt ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
:t'lt kl5 o'lwli7/n]
o'j/fh kb kfpg] ePkl5 sf}/jx?n] if8oGq z'? u/]sf] 36gfaf6 asL{df/sf 36gf cl3
a9]sf] kfOG5 . nfIffu[xdf kf08jx?nfO{ a;fpg', ToxfF cfuf] nufP/ dfg{] of]hgf
ePklg lab'/sf] laa]szLntfsf sf/0f kf08jx? ar]sf kfOG5g\ . h;sf] pNn]v asL{df/df
kfOG5 .
afpF
cªu eLjfF arfP, 8flxg cª e}of vDef pFvf/
vDef
pFvf/L k}8n kftfn, vDef pvfF/L k}7n kftfn
nfIffu[xdf
cfuf] nfu]kl5 Pp6f vDaf pv]n]/ sfFwdf cfkm\gf efO / cfdfnfO{ af]s]/ ;'?ªsf]
af6f] eP/ lgs} k/ las6 agdf k'U5g\ eGg] s'/f o; Znf]sdf elgPsf] 5 .
gbLdf
kfgL lng gbLdf k'Ubf Pp6f bfgj lg:s]/ kfFr dWo] Ps efO cfxf/ ug{ kfP dfq kfgL
vfg lbg] s'/f u5{ . of] s'/f o'lwli7/ ;Dd k'U5 . lrlGtt ePsf o'lwli7/n] gbLsf]
lardf Pp6f 58L uf8]/ 58Ln] h;sf] gfdf pRr/0f unf{, p;n] /fIf;sf] cfxf/ aGg p;n]
hfg' kg{] s'/f atfP . 58Ln] eLdsf] gfd lnPkl5 pgL /fIf; sxfF uP . eLif0f n8fO{
kl5 eLdnfO{ /fIf;n] vfof] t/ krfpg ;s]g . eLd bfgjsf] k]6af6 lgisg ;kmn eP .
rf/ efO / cfdfn] pgsf] d[To' 7fgL z'l4 sd{ ug{ nfu]sf a]nf e]if abn]/ eLd ToxfF
k'U5g\ . laleGg 36gfs|d kl5 pgsf] kl/ro yfxf kfP/ ;a} v'zL x'G5g\ . b|f}kltsf]
lajfxsf] ;df/f]x x'G5 . eLdn] nIoe]bg u/]/ b|f}kltnfO{ lnP/ hfG5 . eLdn]
cfkm"n] leIff NofPsf] s'/f u/]kl5 cfdfn] ;a} efO afF8]/ vfpm eg]kl5 cfdf
9f]sf aflx/ cfpFl5g\ . sGofnfO{ b]v]/ cfZro{ rlst ePsf pgL cfkm"n] uNtL
u/]sf] dx;'; ul5{g\ . w]/} larf/ ladz{ / ;Nnfx kl5 b|f}klt kfFr kf08js} x'lG5g\
.
asL{df/df
ch'{g eGbf eLdnfO{ a9L dxTj lbOPsf] 5 . o;} k|;+udf /fhf b+uLz/0fsf] klg syf
hf]l8Psf] kfOG5 . sf}/ax? kf08j;Fu abnf lng pkfo vf]lh/x]sf] s'/f k]zfjf/sf]
k}9f/ df pNn]v u/]sf] kfOG5 .
zs'gL dfdf Û hf]/f] / pkfO{, sf}g
lalw df? kfrf] efO – @
o;/L bof{]wg zs'gL
dfdfnfO{ s'g} pkfo vf]Hg eG5 . kf08jx?nfO{ kf;f v]ng af]nfOG5 . b|f}ktLn] kf;f
gv]Ng eg]klg pgLx? ToxfF hfG5g\ . kf;f v]lnG5 . ;t{sf] ?kdf lhTg]n] xl:tgfk'/ /
xfg{]n] afx| aif{ agaf; b'of{]wgn] /fVb5 . of] ;t{ dflgG5 . zs'gLn] if8oGq u/]/
kf08jx?nfO{ x/fpg nufpF5 . b'zf;gn] b|f}kltnsf] rL/x/0f ug{ k'Ubf ;a df}g
x'G5g\ . eLdn] To;sf] k|lt/f]w ug{ vf]Hbf o'lwli7/n] p;nfO{ ;DemfpF5g\ / pgLx? ag hfG5g\ . agdf hfFbf pgLx?n] kfPsf]
b'MvnfO{ o;/L AoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
Uof/f]
ag gfF3 /fhf af/f] ag rfk
6]/
ag /fhf n]x la;/fd .
kf08jx?n]
afx| aif{ cToGt si6;fy Aoltt u/]/ ;S5g\ t/ t]x|f} aif{ c1fgaf; ;Gtf]ifk"{s
latfpg /fhf la/f6 sxfF hfg] ;Nnfx kfpF5g\ .
o;/L 36gfs|d cufl8 a9\b} hfg] s|ddf
la/f6 sxfF a:bf klg laleGg ;d:ofx? ;Fu h'em\g k'U5g\ . lsrssf] eLdn] aw u/]kl5
sf}/jx? kf08j la/f6k'/df ePsf] z+sf u/L la/ftk'/df cfs|d0f u/]/ kf08jx?nfO{
o'4df cfpg] aftf/a0f tof/ ug{] lg0f{o u/]sf] s'/f …;'zd{s k}7f/Ú df pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
/fhf
;'zdf{ sx ha nfu, zs'gL dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{
;f}
s'5 dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{, sf} g sf}g s] a]xL ufO{
enL
/ eLjfF ch'{g wg'{w/ sf}gf] df/L ax't ufO{ .
b'of{]wg ;'zdf{sf] g]t[Tjdf pQ/
tkm{sf] la/f6k'/df cfs|d0f u/L pgsf] ;Dklt -ufO{_ n'6]/ Nofpg ;s'gLnfO{ of]hgf
agfpg cfu|x ub{5g\ . of]hgf cg';f/ ufO{x? x/0f ug{ hfFbf eLdn] pQ]lht eP/ sf}/a
;]gf gfz u5{g . ;'zdf{n] k|f0fsf] leIff dfUbf p;nfO{ tNnf] hftdf hfg] >fk
eLdn] lbPsf] kfOG5 . sf}/a kIfn] blIfk0flt/af6 o'4 ubf{ kf08jx?sf] 5b\d ?kdf
/x]/ o'4 n8]sf] kfOG5 . w[t/fi6«sf] k'q df]xn] pgsf] ktg u/fpg] s'/f ;~ho /
lab'/n] pgnfO{ atfP klg pgL cfkm" ;Gtfgsf] OR5f lakl/t hfg g;Sg] s'/f
atfpF5g\ .
o'4df
sf}/jx?n] ufO{x? nUg yfn]kl5 pQ/s'df/ larlnt x'G5g\ . pgL o'4 ug{ tTk/ x'G5 t/
;f/yLsf] cefj x'G5 . b|f}kltsf] argn] ubf{ ch'{g ;f/yL x'g tTk/ x'G5 . pgsf] /y
hf]Tgsf nflu 3f]8f dfu u5{g . pgsf] dfu k'/f x'G5 . rf/ ;oaf6 tLg;o clg
To;dWo]af6 Pp6f 3f]8f 5flgG5 . af6f]df 5b\d e]ifsf ;f/yL ch'{g pQ/s'df/nfO{
lzIff lbG5g\ .
g]un
hfg' lg/s 8\jf/, v}n hfg' 6L6 d7f}/f
7fFOn
hfg' hn kl/jfg, s7n hfg a|Dx 1fg
s'g} klg s'/fsf] 1fg cfkm"nfO{
k/]kl5 dfq yfxf x'G5 . s'g} lglZrt :yndf k'Ug af6f]sf] 1fg x'g'k5{ . cfxf/sf]
1fg x'g vfB kbfy{ vfg' k5{ . kfgLsf] ulx/fO{ yfxf kfpg kfgLdf k:g' k5{ . a|Dx
;DaGwL 1fg k|fKt ug{ cWoogzLn x'g'k5{ eGg] s'/f lzIff lbG5g\ .
n8fO{sf s|ddf pQ/s'df/ efUg vf]Hbf
ch'{g p;nfO{ gefUg / n8\g k|]l/t u5{g . n8fO{sf s|ddf ch'{gn] cfkm\gf] a'l4dfgL
/ zf}o{n] nl8/x] . pgsf] o'4 s0f{;F x'G5 . s;}u/L klg o'4 /f]lsb}g . sf}/jnfO{
x/fP/ clGtddf kf08j kIfsf] laho x'G5 . cGTodf cfdfn] s0f{sf] uf]Kotf atfpFbf
o'lwli7/ cfkm\gf] cfdfnfO{ :qL hfltsf egdf s'g} u'Kt s'/f cl8g gkfcf]; eg]/
>fk lbG5g\ .
s]xL
aif{ zf;g u/]kl5 kf08jx? u'af{jfsf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd …dG;L km"njf/Ú hfG5g\ .
cGTodf :ju{ uP/ pgLx? ;'v k"a{s afFR5g\ .
o;/L
yf¿ hfltdf Oltxf; ;Fu ;DalGwt 36gfdf cfwfl/t cfVofgfTds /rgfx?sf] a0f{g Pj=
AofVof;Fu ;DalGwt a[xt sfAofTds /rgfx? kfOG5g\ . oL /rgfx?df Pslt/ kf}/fl0fs
s'/fx?nfO{ :yfg lbOPsf] kfOG5 eg] csf{]lt/ :yflgo hflto ;+:s[lt, k/Dk/f Pjd\
lrGtg;Fu hf]l8Psf k|;+u Pjd\ cfVofg ;d]t To;df hf]l8Psf] kfOG5 . kf}/fl0fs
cfVofgsf cfwf/df at{dfgsf 36gfnfO{ a'em\g / 1fg k|fKt ug{ o:tf /rgfx?sf]
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
$=@=$ yf¿ nf]s
v08sfAo lzj km'Njf/
yf¿
nf]suLtdf /fdfo0f / dxfef/t;Fu ;DalGwt cfVofg dfq xf]Og lzj kfj{tL;Fu ;DalGwt
cfVofgfTds /rgf klg kfOG5 . bfªb]pv'/L pkTosfsf] blIf0fL tkm{ /x]sf lzjflns
ka{t >[vnfnfO{ yf¿ efiffdf …lzjkm'Njf/Ú elgG5 . lzj km"Njf/sf] cy{
lzjflns If]q eGg] x'G5 h'g ka{t >[+vnf bfª lhNnfsf] blIf0f l;dfgfdf
k"a{b]lv klZrdtkm{ uPsf] 5 . yf¿ nf]s uLtdf lzj km"njf/ gfds
v08sfAoTds /rgf kfOG5 . z}awd{sf k|at{s …lzaÚ h;sf sg]s gfd 5g\ yf¿ efiffdf
pgLnfO{ lzp, n6f} dxfb]j klg elgG5 . k'/f0fx?df kpNn]lvt ;tLb]jLsf klt jf
kfa{tLsf kltnfO{ lzj jf n6f} dxfb]j eGg' kg{] s'/f laZn]ifsx? atfpF5g\ . pgsf]
ls|ofsnfk o; yf¿ v08sfAosf] laifoa:t' aGg k'u]sf] 5 . o; v08df hDdf ;ft j6f
Znf]s e]l6Psf]n] sfnsf] pTyfg / ktgsf] ultsf] c? Znf]sx? x/fPsf] kfOG5 . [60]
klxnf]
v08df lzj cyf{t n6f} dxfb]jsf] hGdaf/] yf¿ nf]ssfAodf o;/L elgPsf] 5 .
x/]
hn aLr /] dfsf hxfF /] dxfb]j lnxn cf}tf/
t]tL;
sf]6Ls lbp6f ldng /L cfj} .
dxf
k|no kZrft of] a|Dxf08 hndUg lyof] . ToxL ckf/ hn/fzLdf dxfb]jn] hGd lnFbf
t]+lt; sf]6Lsf b]jtfx? pgsf] bz{gdf cfPsf] a[QfGt k'/f0fx?df kfOG5 .
lzjn] hGd]b]lv cfsfznfO{ cfkm\gf]
a:q 7fgL lbuDa/tTj wf/0f u/]sf x'G5g\ . lgwf/df ;k{sf] af; x'G5
bf];|f]
v08df …asf{ km"Njf/Ú /x]sf] 5 . asf{ sf] cy{ 7"nf] / km"Njf/sf]
cy{ au}rf x'G5 . o;/L asf{ km"njf/sf] cy{ 7"nf] au}rf x'G5 .
lxdfno/fh
;Gtfg gePsf]df b'MvL x'G5g\ . gf/bn] ;f] k|;+udf lxdfno /fh ;Fu s'/f u/]sf]
s'/f ;'gL /ftL …lxpF6LÚ cyf{t d}gf b'MvL x'lG5g\ . pgL PsfGt agdf uP/ la>fd
ul5{g . lx/0f;Fu /fgLn] dgsf] ax kf]Vbf lx/0fn] ltd|f] cefj k'/f x'G5 eg]/
…ltd|f] ue{af6 d hGd lnG5'Ú eGg] cfZjf;g lbP/ k7fPsf] x'G5 . bf];|f] dlxgfdf
cfkm\gf] ue{ /x]sf] yfxf kfPsL /fgLsf] rf}wcf} dlxgfkl5 aflnsfsf] hGd x'G5 .
kfa{tLsf] hGd ePkl5 kpgsf] bz{g kfpg t]+tL;sf]6L b]ptf cfpF5g\ .
ka{tLsf] hGd kZrft x'lz{g] s|ddf
pgL Tof] cj:yfdf k'lU5g hg' cj:yfdf pgL lgs} s/an ub{l5g\ . z}za kf/fdf s'/f
ul5{g eGg] s'/f o;/L AoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
x/]
nf/L uf]/L l5gn lx/f ;f]/xLg ;f]gkfgL 8/n l56
wd{s
8f]o/L d/nL lsnsf/ ..
kfj{tL
7"nf] ePkl5 dxfb]jnfO{ e]6g hgf vf]lH5g . w]/} cu|fx kl5 /fgL To;df ;xdt
x''lG5g\ . cfdfsf] cfu|x adf]lhd kfa{tL cfdfsf nflu s'Fjf tof/ ul5{G . h}t'gsf]
?v /f]lK5g\ . cfdfsf] b"wsf] df]n r'sfpg eg]kl5 pgL :j0f{ lbg vf]lH5g\ .
5f]/LnfO cfdfsf] dfof eGbf 7"nf] :j0f{ gePsf] s'/f ug{] pgL pgnfO{ /f]Sg
;kmn x'Flbgg\ . laleGg pkfo u/]/ lzjnfO{ e]6\g u/]sf] 36gfx? o; v08df /x]sf]
kfOG5 .
o;kl5
…3gkm"Njf/Ú sf] v08 cfpF5 . wgsf] cy{ d]3d08n eGbf dflysf] pRr v08 cyf{t
pRR lzv/ eGg] alemG5 . o; v08df ;tb]jLsf] k|;+u cfPsf] kfOG5 . ;tb]jLsf] csf{]
?k kfa{tL cfPsf] kfOG5 . ;tLb]jLsf] csf{] ?k kfa{tL;Fu ;DalGwt 36gfx? cfPsf]
kfOG5 .
kfa{tLn]
dxfb]j kfpg u/]sf k|oTgx? o; v08df /x]sf 5g\ . o;} s|ddf sf]OnLsf] d[To' /
kfa{tLsf] tk:of kfa{tLsf] af;' dfdf;Fu
e]6, af;' dfdfn] nf]enfUbf] x]/fO, kfa{tLn] kms{g] s'/f ug'{, af;' dfdfn] Ifdf
dfu]/ pgnfO{ sf]OnL km]l/ AoFtfpgsf nflu ;+lhjgL a'6L / k+vf lbg' / pgnfO{ Ao'Ftfpg]
pkfo atfpg' nufotsf k|;+u /x]sf 5g\ . pgn] sf]OnLsf] hLjgaf6 ;To yfxf kfPsf]
s'/f o; v08df /x]sf] 5 .
…bxkm"Njf/Ú
v08 ;tLb]jLsf] d[To' kZrft b'vL dxfb]j b'vL eP/ 8'n]sf] / kl5 1fg / r]tgf k|fKt
ePkl5 pQ/lt/ hfg 5f8]/ blIf0flt/ tk:of ug{ uPsf] 36gf /x]sf 5g\ . kl5 kfa{tL
dxfb]jsf] vf]hLdf hflG5g\ . c;'/x?af6 lkl8t OGb| dxfb]jnfO{ lavt kf/]/ pgnfO{
;+;fl/stftkm{ k|a[t u/fpg pgdf ;+;fl/s efjgf pTkGg ug{ ds/Wjh -dbg_ nfO{
cx|fpF5g\ . kmn:j?k dxfb]j kfa{tLk|lt cfzSt eP/ pgL;Fu laafx ug{ k'U5g / lza
kaf{tL ldng ePsf] 36gf bx km"Njf/df 5 .
dxfb]jn]
kfa{tLnfO{ lajfx u/]/ z/b Ct'df pgnfO{ cfkm";Fu lnP/ dGb/frn ka{tdf uO{
;a]sf] a[QfGt …dG;L km"Njf/Ú df 5 . lza kfa{tLsf] k|]d / kfa{tLsf] ue{af6
zlQm?kf ;ftf}+ b]jL cFrnxL ejfgLsf] pTklQ ePsf] k|;+u o; v08df /x]sf] 5 .
dxfb]j / kfa{tL of] ;[l6df /x]sf]
hLjgsf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu zlSt ?kf b]jLx?sf] pTklQ u/]/ b'a} hgf lrqª km"Njf/
tkm{ nfUb5g\ . dGb/frn kj{taf6 cGoq uPsf] j[QfGtnfO{ yf¿ wd{sf ;+:yfks u'af{jfn]
lrqª km"Njf/ eg]sf] kfOG5 .
kfa{tLn]
cfk\mgf] rl/qnfO{ of]u ;fwfgfåf/f ;fw]sf] a[QfGtnfO{ oxfF k|tLsfTds efiffdf
AoQm ul/Psf] 5 . dxfb]j kfa{tL dfgj ?kdf
/x]/ a:bf tLg} nf]sdf wd{sf] nf]k x'g yfn]sf]n] b]j ?kdf cfpg b]jtfx? cfu|x
ub{5g\ .
dxfb]j
kfa{tL b]j ?kdf k|a]z u/]kl5 pgdf x]sf km"n?kL sfdgfx? cf]OnfpF5g\ . o;/L
cf]Onfpg' kbf{ pgLx?, lrlGtt eP/ kfa{tL;Fu ;f]W5g\ / cfkm"nfO{
hLlasf]kfh{gsf] ;fwg lbg cfu|x u5{g .
x/]
b]jh'u hfO{ snh'u dg'jf n]xL cjtf/
cjF¥of
ka{F¥of ejfgL /xLF /L af]n] Tof ..
d]/f
ct[Tk sfdgfx? Û d ;w} e/L sfdgf/t /xg' wd{;l+ut gx'g] x'gfn] d ltdLx?sf]
kl/Tofu ub{5' . slno'udf dflg;x? ltdLx?nfO{ dflg/xg]5g\ . h;af6 ltd|f] lhlasf
rln/xg] 5 eg]/ kfa{tLn] pQ/ lbPsf] kfOG5 .
dxfb]j
/ kfa{tLsf] u[x:y hLjg Tofu]sf]df b]jLb]jtf k|;Gg eP/ e]6\g cfpF5g\ . h;dWo]
u'af{af klg Ps x'g eg]/ uLtdf elgPsf] 5 .
o;/L
…lzj km"Njf/Ú v08sfAodf lzjsf] dlxdf ufOPsf] 5 . 36gfs|dnfO{ a0f{g ug{]
s|ddf o;nfO{ yf¿ ;+:s[lt, Oltxf; / hghLjg ;Fu hf]8\g] sfo{ ul/Psf] 5 . yf¿
nf]suLt k/Dk/fdf o;n] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /fVg] s'/f lgla{afb ?kdf dfq ;lsG5 .
$=@=% yf¿ nf]suLtdf
/fd ufyf
yf¿
nf]suLtdf lxGb' wfld{s u|Gyx?;Fu ;DalGwt syfx? kfOG5g\ . oL ufyfx?df /fdfo0f,
dxfef/t, lji0f'k'/f0f b]lv lnP/ /fhf xl/ZrGb|sf hLjg a[QfGtx?sf] 36gfrs|
plgPsf] kfOG5 . kfqx?, 36gfx?sf] lrq0fsf ;fy} dflg;x?sf b[i6sf]0f, nf]sdfGotf
tTsfnLg ;fdflhs cj:yfsf] a0f{g kfOG5 . Oltxf; / at{dfgsf] d]nf u/fpg] sfo{df
o:tf uLtx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf /xsf] kfOG5 . Oltxf;;Fu ;DalGwt kfqx?sf
ls|ofsnfkaf6 tTsfnLg ;dosf] hghLjgsf] 1fgsf ;fy} at{dfgdf cfkm"n] u|x0f
ug'{kg{] c;n kIfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L kfOG5 . ;dfhsf] lasf;s|d s] s;/L cuf8L ab\b}
cfof] eGg] s'/f hfGg klg oL ufyfx?sf] cWoog ug'{kg{] x'G5 .
yf?
hfltdf /fdsyf ;Fu ;DalGwt laleGg km"6s/ uLtb]lv lnP/ nfdf nfdf cfVofg ePsf
…/fd laXofu|Ú -nf]s/fdfo0f_ ;d]t k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . km'6s/ uLtx?df 36gf
laz]if;Fu ;DalGwt syfgs kfOG5 eg] nfdf /rgfx? v08sfAo b]lv lbP/ dxfsfAo
:t/;Ddsf x'G5g\ . /fdfo0fsf laleGg sf08x?, uL sf08x?df ePsf 36gf k|;+ux?
nf]s/fdfo0fdf kfOG5 .
8+uf}/f yf¿x? åf/f ufOg] / gflrg]
8km uLtdf /fd;Fu ;DaGwL uLt kfOG5 .
hgsk'/
zx/ df]/ ;'g e}n]/ ;Ltf a]xfO{ /f}gf xl/n}uOn
hgsk'/
zx/ df]/ ;'g e}nf}=====
hgsk'/ zx/df ;Ltfsf] lajfx x'G5 kl5
/fj0fn] x/]/ nU5 eGg] s'/f o; uLtdf elgPsf] 5 .
To:t} u/L /fd nId0fsf] ufyfsf] Ps
c+z o; k|sf/ 5 .
cGg
j wg Ps kx'Gg lagf d} a/L b'vL
s}s}O,
;'ldqf /fgL sf}lzNof Ps sxL k'q .
cGg / wg d;Fu k|of{Kt
ePklg Pp6f klg 5f]/f geP/ d a9L b'MvL 5' eg]/ /fhf bz/yn] cfkm\gf] Aoyf
kf]v]sf] k|;+u o; uLtdf cfPsf] 5 .
To;/L
/fgf yf¿ hfltsf nf]suLtdf klg /fdfufyf ;DalGwt uLtx? kfOG5 . o;} ;Gbe{df …e/tsL
af/df;LÚ df ePsf] uLtsf] Ps c+z o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
r}q
kL5n] /fdgjdLsf] hgd lncf],
ckbk'/L
;v wfd ;vL ldn d+un,
rf/
lscf] va/ ha h;/b g] kfO{,
lbcf]
bfg uh/fh uf}j lbg wf]/LsL
AofgL,
cof]Wof kmng ;] 5fO{ s/d /]3 ..
o;
uLtdf /fdgjdLdf e/tsf] hGd cfof]Wofdf ePsf], cfof]Wofdf d+un 5fPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . 5f]/f ePsf] va/ kfP/ bz/yn] xfQL,
ufO{ cflbsf] bfg u/]sf] / cfof]Wof km"nx?n] el/Psf] s'/f AoQm ul/psf] 5 .
…sf}l;Nnf sL a/xÚ gfds
rt'df;L uLtdf o:tf] elgPsf] kfOG5 .
ef8f} a"Fb a8] a8] a/;} eLhg
b"O x} /3'aL/ xdf/] ;f]r ..
efb|sf] dlxgfdf ha aiff{t a9g nfUbf
cfkm\gf] 5f]/f /3'aL/ ->L/fd_ leh]sf] x'gkg{] sf}l;Nnfn] ;f]r]sf] s'/f uLtdf
elgPsf] 5 .
To;/L g} s7l/of yf¿x?n] ufOg] xf]/L
uLtdf klg /fdsf] af/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
/fds]
gul/of cfof]Wof /] lzjs] s}nf;
/f}gs
u9 x} n+sf /] 5f8] eujfg ..
/fdsf] gu/ cfof]Wof / lzjsf] gu/
s}nfz / /fjgsf] u9 n+usf ePsf] s'/f o; uLtdf elgPsf] 5 .
To;/L g} s7l/of yf¿
hfltdf …/fd – ;LtfÚ sf] ljjfx;Fu ;DlGwt uLtx? klg k|rngdf cfksf] kfOG5 .
pems
em/f]vf b]vt ;Ltf b]v+] >L/fdsf]
/fd
5f]6 wg'vf ef/L, /fd d]/f] dg a;] ..
;fgf] em\ofnaf6 ;Ltfn] >L/fdnfO{
x]l/g . /fd 5f]6f wg'if ef/L elPsf] b]lvg\ . /fd pgsf] dgdf a;]sf] pgn] 7flgg\
eg]/ o; uLtsf] c+zdf elgPsf] 5 .
xf]/L uLtdf /fj0f dGbf]b/Lsf]
;+afbsf s|ddf klg /fdsf] k|;+u cfPsf] kfOG5 .
3f6g
3f6 nId0f rf}sL, cf}36 x} /fd – @
aLr wf/d] Wjhf u8L x}, rf}sL d/]
xg'dfg ..
3f6 3f6df nId0fsf]
rf}sL 5 . /fd t ;Dk"0f{ >[li6df AofKt 5g\ . lar wf/df Wjhf u8]sf] 5,
rf}sLdf nId0f 5g\ eg]/ dGbf]b/f]n] /fj0fnfO{ ;LtfnfO{ lkmtf{ k7fO{lbg cfu|x
u/]sf] s'/f o; uLtdf elgPsf] 5 .
o;/L
yf¿ nf]suLtdf /fdsf] k|;+u laleGg uLtx?df cfpg'sf] ;fy} v08sfAo :t/sf] nf]s
/fdfo0f klg /fdsf] dlxdf ufg ug'{ oL uLtx?sf] laz]iftf xf] . /fdnfO{ cfbzz{
k'q, klt / nf]s sNof0fsfl/0fL /fhfsf] /kdf k|:t't ug{] sfd oL uLtx?df ul/Psf]
kfOG5 .
$=@=^ yf¿ nf]suLtdf
s[i0f ufyf
yf¿
nf]suLtdf s[i0f ;DaGwL ehgsf ;fy} s[i0fsf] hLjgsf laleGg kIf ;d]6]sf]
cfVofgfTds sfAox? klg kfOG5g\ . dxfef/tsf 36gfsf ;Gbe{df s[i0fsf] e"ldsf
a0f{g ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
km'6s/
uLtx?df s[i0f / /fwf;Fu ;DalGwt uLtx? ufOPsf] kfOG5 . s[i0f hGd ;DaGwL uLt
o:tf] 5 .
hfOxf
hgd] dy'/fd] s[i0f e'/f/ xf]
uf]s'nnfd]
jfhg afh] p7] emGsf/ xf] .
dy'/fdf s[i0fsf] hGd ePkl5 uf]s'ndf
v'zLofnL 5fPsf] / afhfx? aHg nfu]sf] k|;+u o;df cleAoQm 5 .
…cli6DsLÚ
8+uf}/f yf¿x?sf] dxTjk"0f{ ka{ xf] . of] efb| cf};Lsf /ftdf dgfOG5 . o;df
s[i0fsf] cf/fwfgf ul/G5 . s[i0ffci6dLdf ufOg] uLt k[YjLsf] ;[li6b]lv z'? eP/
s+;sf] awdf uP/ ;lsG5 . o; uLtdf k[YaL, hnsf] ;[li6, k[YjLsf laleGg lhjhGt',
af]6la?jfsf] lasf; s[i0fsf] hGdnLnf / s[i0fåf/f s+;sf] aw ul/Psf 36gfx?
;d]l6Psf] x'G5 . of] uLt dlxnf / k'?if b'a}n] ufpg] u5{g\ . of] a|t uLt xf] .
o;df ufOg] uLtsf] Ps x/km o:tf] 5 .
bz
dlxgf xf] hf;' Uof/ dlxgf ha k'u]
afx|
dlxgf xf] hf;' e}nf ;/k'g ..
s[i0fsf]
hGd afx| dlxgfdf ePsf] k|;+u o; uLtdf atfOPsf] 5 . csf{] uLtdf s[i0fsf] af/]df
o:Tf] elgPsf] 5 .
kgLo
e/g e} u}n'F, jxL hd'gf lsgf/]
lar
/] 8ul/od sfGxf, df]/] alxof ld/f]/] ..
kfgL
eg{ ha d hd'gf lsgf/ uPF, lar af6f]df /x]sf sfGxf -s[i0f_ n] d]/f] xft ;dft]
eGg] cy{ o; uLtdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
t'F
df]/ aofgf s] tf/f, sGx}of xfF
cf]
b'nf/f sGx}of df]/ ;xf/f, sGx}of Kof/f Kof/f xfF ..
o; uLtdf si0fnfO{ cfFvfsf] tf/f
elgPsf] 5 . Kof/f] sGx}of ltdL d]/f] ;xf/f xf}, ltdL clt Kof/f 5f} elgPsf] 5 .
/fgf
yf¿sf nf]suLtdf klg s[i0f ;DaGwL uLtx? k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . …uknL sGx}ofsf]
hGdÚ uLtdf s[i0fsf] hGdsf] 36gfs|d kfOG5 .
e/
efbf] sL ld;' cl3ol/of sfGxf n] cf}tf/,
e/
efbf] sL ld;' clwol/of sfGxf n] cf}tf/
l;/lxg
;f] uO{ b]pltg a'l9of gu/ ;f]P sf]tjfn
;f]/
;f} kx?jf ;f]P u} v'nu} ah'/ lbjf/ ..
efb|sf] cWof/f]df s[i0fn] cf}tf/
lnG5g\ . To; a]nf ;anfO{ lgb|f nfU5 . s'6gL a'9L, hn]/ ;f]x| ;o ;}lgs ;a}
;'T5g\ . aGb /x]sf] h]nsf] 9f]sf klg v'N5 eg]/ s[i0f hGdsf] k|;+u nfO{ k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 .
…s[i0f ;DaGwL uf]knL uLtÚ df o:tf]
elgPsf] 5 .
s}O
lah'nL ?k sGof 6/}, ;'g s];f e]/L af]n .
sxL
d]/f] aL/t uf]s'n kx'Frf], jf] x} t]/f] sfn ..
s+;n] gu/el/sf ;a afns dfg{ nfu]kl5
s[i0fsf] anfdf ;fl6PsL pgsL ;fgL cfdfsf] 5f]/LnfO{ s+;n] dfg{ vf]Hnf cfsfzdf
uP/ o:tf] cfsfzaf0fL ul/g eGg] o; uLtdf k|:t't 5 . sGofn] lah'nL ?k lnP/
s+;nfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsL l5g\ . e]/f] aL/ efO t uf]s'n k'lu;Sof] , ca p;n] tFnfO{
dfg{] 5 eGg] s'/f pgn] lgle{s ?kdf eg]sf atfOPsf] 5 . o:t} u/]/ s7l/of yf¿x?sf]
nf]suLtdf klg s[i0fsf] k|;+u laleGg uLtx?df cfPsf] kfOG5 .
hd'gf
hL d]F v]nt sfGxf 8km'Oof
;a
;lvof ldn rn] cGxfO sfGx nu] lk5jf/f] ..
hd'gfdf s[i0fn] 8knf ahfO/x]sf 5g\
. ;a} ;vLx? ldn]/ hfpF . s[i0f xfd|f] kl5 nfUg] 5 eg]/ o; uLtdf atfOPsf] 5 .
si0f ;DaGwL af/xdf;L uLt klg s7l/of yf¿ hfltdf k|rlnt 5g\ .
k/t/
sf]O g kfO, dy'/fd] hgd] sfGx hlxs/
uf]s'n
d]F cfO .
dy'/fdf hGd]sf s[i0f kl5 uf]s'ndf
cfPsf] s'/f s;}n] yfxf kfpg ;s]g eGg] s'/f o; uLtsf] c+zdf elgPsf] 5 . o;/L g}
…xf]nL uLtÚ df klg s[i0f ;DaGwL uLt /x]sf] kfOG5 .
kmfu'g
df; ha nfu] ;vL/] ;a e'm/ n]n] xf]/L .
d}
/flwsf sfGx lag em'/e' cfh ls;g lag ;'gL xf]/L ..
kmfu'gsf] dlxgf nfu]kl5 ;a}n] lkª
v]Ng] u5{g . d /flwsf s[i0f lagf lkª v]Ng kbf{ dnfO{ z'Go nfUg] 5 eg]/ /flwsfn]
s[i0fsf] ;Demgf u/]sf] s'/f uLtdf AoQm 5 .
s}nfnL
s+rgk'/df k|rln nf]suLtdf s[i0f;DaGwL uLtx? k|d'vtfsf ;fy cfPsf] kfOG5 . nf]s
hghLjgdf s[i0f ;DaGwL laleGg ufyfx? rNb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . oL ufyfx?df s[i0fsf]
cfbz{ rl/qsf laleGg kIfsf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 .
$=@=& yf¿ ;+:sf/
uLtx?sf] laZn]if0f
dfgj
hLjgdf hGd]b]lv d[To';Dd laleGg ;+:sf/x? k"/f ul/G5 . x/]s hfltdf cf
cfkm\g} vfn] rng kfOG5 . yf¿ hfltsf] klg cfkm\g} df}lns k/Dk/f rNb} cfPsf] 5 .
laleGg ;+:sf/x? k"/f ubf{ uLtnfO{ ufOg] ul/G5 . yf¿ hfltdf o:tf uLtx?
dlxnf k'?if b'a}n] ufpg] u5{g . laz]if u/L hGdsf] a]nf ufOg] uLt, 57Lsf] a]nf
ufOg] uLt / ljfxsf] a]nf ufOg] uLtx? k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
8+uf}/f
yf¿ ;dfhdf lajfxsf] a]nf …dfFu/ uLtÚ ufOg] ul/G5 . lajfxsf] a]nf ufOg] uLtx? PstkmL{
/ bf]xf]/f] ;d]t ufOg] ul/G5 . b'nxf / lghsf] cfdf, ;DwL – ;DwLsf lar o:tf
uf]OPsf] kfOG5 . b'nxfnfO{ n'uf nufO{ lb+bf, lbpnL 8g{] a]nf, b'nxf al/oft
k|:yfg ug{] a]nf nufot laleGg ;dodf uOL uLt ufpg] ul/G5 . b'nxfnfO{ k|:yfg
u/fpg] a]nf o:tf] uLt ufOG5 .
x}/]
Û 6fFun b'Nxf l;sjf cf] a/xL, s/}s dlb/f, d5/L lnxn ;u'gfO{ /] .
Ps
cf]/ 6fFun b'Nxf, ;fFu a/l5of, b'Nxf dg d';sfO{ /] ..
o:tf] uLt b'Nxf hGtL k|:yfg ug{]
a]nf p;sf] cfdfn] ufpg] ul5{g\ .
To;/L g} /fgf yf¿ ;dfhdf klg ;+:sf/
uLtx? ufpg] k|rng 5 . afns hGdFbf hGd uLt, afns hGd]sf] ^ lbgdf ul/g] 57Ldf
ufOg] uLt, lajfx uLt /fgf yf¿ hfltdf k|rngdf 5 . hGd ;DaGwL uLt cGu{ut …sGx}of
sf] hndÚ df o:tf] klg uLt ufOG5 .
xf]
;Lof /] ;Lof u'gf ufjf] d]/] /fd
sf}g
uLtf ufjf] /] l;;fgf n] xf] cjtf/ .
;a} ldn]/ z'e uLt ufpF . s[i0fsf]
cjtf/ af/]df uLt ufpF eGg] k|;+uaf6 uLtsf] p7fg ul/Psf] 5 .
To:t} u/L 57Lsf] cj;/df /fgfyf¿x?
o;/L 57L uLt ufOg] ul/G5 .
hgd
x} s'Fj/ sGx}of h;f] bfgLsf] nfn
ha
hndf]/L cgGb /xf] ..!..
afh]
9'nst dlh/f
h}
h;f]bfhLsf] nfn ..@..
ozf]bfsf] 5f]/f sGx}ofsf] hGd ePsf]
5 . ;a cfgGb dfg . 9f]ns, d'h'/f alh/x]sf] 5 . ozf]bfsf] 5f]/fsf] ho dgfp eg]
o; uLtdf elgPsf] 5 . s[i0fsf] hGdePsf]df v'zLofnL k|s6 ug{ of] uLt ufOG5 .
afnssf] 57L dgfpFbf of] uLt ufpg] u5{g .
To;/L g} /fgf yf¿ hfltdf ljjfxdf
klg lajfx uLt ufpg] ul/G5 . lajfx uLtsf] k|sf/ o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .
ha
xf] a/fot ;hg] hf] nlu d]/L x/ b'lnof
axgL
OR5f gf/L dg lkm/} dlnghLs] ;fhg ..!..
lajfx ;hg] a]nfdf ;hg b]v]/ gf/L dg
lkmg{] u5{ egg] ej k|s6 ePsf] kfOG5 .
s7l/of yf¿ hfltdf klg ljjfx uLtx?
k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
kxn]
d+ug l5tf dfu]+, dfu]+ enL kfdf} /] xf}
/fh't
dfFu] cof]Wof kfOs x'gdfg] .
b';/]
dug 5Ltf dfFu, dfFu] dln kfj} xf]
a/tf
dfFu] >/fd] b]j/ PO;f] nId0f xf] ..
klxnf] rf]6L ;Ltfn] /fd|f] 3/ kfpF
eg]/ dfFu]sf] kfOG5 . cfof]Wof h:tf] /fHo, ;]js x'gdfg h:tf] dfFlug . bf;|f]
rf]6L t/ >L/fd h:tf] / b]j/ nId0f h:tf] xf]; eg]/ j/ dfu]sf] k|;+u o; uLtdf
kfOG5 .
wg'vf
tf]8 gf} v08 lsg}, nf]u t ltgf] 8f]n} .
r/0f
g 5f]O 5f]O ;sn hf]4f rn} 3/ ckgf . .
/fd l;tfsf] lajfxs} k|;+udf
>L/fdn] wg'if tf]8]/ gf} v08 u/]5g\ . ;a} dflg;x? ;a} of]4fx? >L/fdsf]
r/0f 5f]P/ ;a} 3/lt/ nfu] eg]/ elgPsf] kfOG5 .
s7l/of yf¿ uLtdf …uf}/fsf] lax]Ú
sf] k|;+u klg cfpF5 . lzj;Fu} uf}/L -kfa{tL_ sf] lajfx sf] uLtsf] c+z o; k|sf/
5 .
gfd
df]/] cGg wGg gxLF d'7L rfdn .
eids
a6jf hf]uLPs xft] d} /rf]d'F Aofx ..
g cGg 5, g d'7L rfdn 5 . v/fgL
a6'jf ePsf] hf]uL;Fu d lajfx u5{' eGg] s'/f uLtdf AoQm 5 .
o;/L
yf¿ nf]suLtdf dfgj hLjgdf cfOkg{] ;+:sf/df ufOg] uLt? k|rngdf /xj]sf] a'lemG5 .
oL uLtx? kf}/fl0fs kfqx?;Fu ;dalGwt ufyfdf cfwfl/t 5g\ . /fd–l;tf,
s[i0f–?lSd0fL, lzj–kfa{tL;Fu ;DalGw uLtx? k|rngdf kfOG5 . hGd, 57L, ljjfx
nufotsf ;+:sf/sf a]nf ufOg] oL uLtx? sltko k|Zgf]T/ z}nLdf / sltko a0f{gfTds
z}nLdf /xk]sf] kfOG5 . cfWoflTds efjlrGtdf cfwfl/t oL uLtx?df pkb]zfTdstf,
k/nf}lsstf kfOG5 . z'e a]nf ufOg] oL uLtx? dlxnfx?n] ufpg] ePtf klg k'?ifx?n]
klg ufpg] k|rng /x]sf] kfOG5 .
g]kfnL
;dfhsf cGo hfltx? h:t} yf¿ hfltdf klg ;+:sf/ uLtsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg ePsf]
s'/f dfq ;lsg] k|of{Kt cfwf/x? /x]sf] kfOG5 .
$=@=* yf¿ Ct'uLtx?sf]
laZn]if0f
Ps
aif{df ^ j6f Ct'x? x'G5g\ . kTo]s Ct'sf] cfkm\g} vfn] laz]iftf kfOG5 . k|fs]lts
?kn] df};ddf kl/at{g x'g] s|d;Fu} dflg;x?sf ultlalwx?df klg kl/at{g cfO/xG5g\ .
;do cg';f/ ufOg] uLtx? km/s km/s x'G5g\ . sltko uLtx? aif{el/ ufOG5g eg] sltko
uLtx? lglZrt ;do laz]ifdf ufOG5g\ .
yf¿
nf]suLtdfafx|df;] uLtb]lv lnP/ rf/df;] clg dlxgf laz]ifdf ufOg] uLt;Dd x'G5g\ .
af/xdf;] uLtdf af/x} dlxgfsf] a0f[g ul/Psf] kfOG5 . o:tf uLtx?df Psflt/
kf}/fl0fs cfVofg ufOPsf] kfOG5 eg] s]xL af/df;] uLtdf AolQmut hLjgdf ;'v b'Mvsf
k|;+ux? klg cfPsf kfOG5g\ .
a}zfv]
/] df;] xf] ;fFrL tf]/ lkof uOg} k/b]z]
lkof
kb]z /] u}Og}
tf}/
z'g x'On dlbn z'g x'On tf] ;]h] /] aft] tf]/
z'g
xf] kn+u] xf] e/nL hf]jg xf] ;fFrL ;fFrL v]jf
sf}g
sfd /] .
o;
af/df;] uLtdf AolQmut hLjgsf k|;+u clw ;fl/Psf] 5 . a}zfv dlxgfdf klt k/b]z uP/
hLjg z"Go elkPsf] / o:tf] d:t hjfgL l/Qf] elPsf] s'/f o; nf]suLtdf
b]vfOPsf] 5 .
o;} u/]/ rf/df;] uLtdf klg dfof
k|]dsf k|;+u cfPsf] 5 .
;fjg
e'mn'jf kl/u}g} pwf] lkof g cfP xdf/] .
cjsL
rf]6 lkof 3/ cfj} /lvof] em'nf em'nfO{ .
>fj0fsf]
dlxgfdf lkª nufOPsf] 5 . klt 3/df 5}gg\ . casf] klt klt 3/ cfpF5g\ lkª nufO /fv
eGg] efj o; uLtdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
o;}u/L
yf¿ hfltdf Ct' uLtsf] ?kdf ;hgf uLt / d}gf uLt k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . To;/L g}
lbgdf /f /ftdf Ps} lbgdf a]Unfa]Un} ufpg ;lsg] …lbg grjfÚ / …/ft grjfÚ uLt klg
k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
d}gf
uLtsf] gfdfs0f uLtdf k|o'Qm …d}gfÚ y]ufaf6 ePsf] kfOG5 . uLtsf] cf/De / cGTodf
d}gf y]uf] cfpF5 . d}gf uLt laz]if u/L k'; b]lv ufOg] ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
x/L
d}gf slt b" uOn df]/ af]nLs] zabf
;'gnf]ls
gfxLF df]/ ufjFsL ufFjlnof ..
o;/L
uLtdf slt 6f9f d]/f] af]nL uof], ;Gof} ls ;'g]gf} d]/L ufpFsL UjfnL eg]/
elgPsf] 5, o:tf uLtdf AolQmut hLjgsf 36gf / k|s[ltsf s'/f cfPsf] kfOG5 .
;hgf
uLt klg Ct'uLtsf] Ps k|sf/ xf] . k|]dL jf lk|otdsf] cy{df o;nfO{ a'em\g] /
>[+uf/o'Qm /; sfAosf] ?kdf o;nfO{ a'lemPsf] 5 . of] uLt r}q a}zfv b]lv ufOg]
ul/Psf] kfOG5 . dlxnf jf k'?if b'a}n] agkftdf sfdsfh ubf{ jf k|foM /fltsf]
;dodf ufpF3/df b'Nbf ufOg] u5{ . uLtdf >[+vlnt cVofg kfpF5 . o;df slxn]
sfFxL dfof k|]dsf] laifosf ;fy} r]nLsf] Aoyf jf dfOtLk|ltsf] k|]d ;d]t kfOG5 .
slt
8'/af6 n}x/ cf] /] g]u/L ysfO{ nfun
;fFemL
a}7a' afaf laxfg kfO{ nua'
cfu'
cfu' ufjFsL ;Fu nua' /] kl5 df] 8f8'
6fF6L
ks/L alxgL x]/nL 8f8' b"/ b]vnL ..
o:t}
u/L yf¿ hfltdf lbg / /ftdf a]Unfa]Un} u/]/ gflrg] lbg grjf / /ft grjf uLt klg
k|rngdf 5g\ .
lbg grjf uLt lbgdf gflrg] / ufOg]
ul/G5 . lbg grjf uLtdf /fd agaf;sf] k|;+u o;/L cufl8 ;fl/Psf] 5 .
P
Û s]jn s'rLnf s] s}5g ls/f,
/fd
bl5dg /] ;Ltf e]nf 8]gf
P
vg dg eopm cjws} af;L
/fhf
bz/y t]hx' k/f0f
P
Û ufFjt /xnL, caws] af;L .
/tgrjf
uLtdWo] cfwf/ftdf ufOg] / gflrg] cw/Tof uLt klg k|rlnt 5 . …;'Gb/L uLtÚ /tgrjf
uLt;?Fu ;DalGwt 5 . of] ;fd'lxs k'?if ufogdf cfwfl/t g[TouLt xf] . o; uLtdf
b'Ohgf k'?ifx? dlxnfsf] e]ifdf gfR5g\ t/ cfh ef]ln dlxnfx? klg gfRg] u/]sf]
kfOG5 .
P
xfF kxn] t l;l/hn jxL km'njf/L
hf}g]t]
km"njf xfk] ;'Gb/L df]/ s}nf] aofg ..
o;/L Pp6f km"naf/Lsf] aofg
ul/Psf] k|;+uaf6 uLt z'? ePsf] 5 . o:tf uLtsf] cfVofg lgs} nfdf] x'G5 . o:tf
cfVofgnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg, …;'Gb/L lanfkÚ, …afx|df;fÚ zLif{sx? klg cfpgk] u5{g .
yf¿x¿sf]
uLtdf nf]s k/Dk/fsf] ;fy} a}olQms hLjgsf cg]s syf Aoyf klg kfOG5g\ . Ct'uLtx?df
k|s[lt, k|]d / k'/f0fFu ;DalGwt laifox? cfpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
$=@=( yf¿ nf]suLtdf
k|s[lt lrq0f
yf¿
hflt k|s[ltsf] sfvdf x's]{sf] hflt xf] k|s[lt;Fu o;sf] cToGt lgst ;DaGw /x]sf]
kOG5 . k|s[ltsf] laleGg k|a[ltnfO{ hLjgsf ;+ut la;+ut kIf;Fu hf]8]/ uLt l;h{gf
ug{] sfo{df yf¿ hflt tTk/ b]lvG5 . Psflt/ k|s[ltnfO{ wtL{dftfsf] ?kdf lrq0f
ul/Psf] kfOG5 eg] csf{]lt/ hLjgsf ofjt ultlalw;Fu k|s[ltsf] k|a[ltnfO{ hf]8]sf]
kfOG5 . yf¿x?sf nf]suLtdf k|s[ltsf lalaw kIfsf] lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
x]
c;f/ df;f bOjf ab\/ t 3]/ .
a/;t
d]3jf rjfln; 3]/f ..
o; uLtdf afbn nfu]sf] cfsfzn] cfjfh
ul//x]sf] clg kfgL kg{] ;+s]t /x]sf] s'/f hgfOPsf] 5 .
lz/]
t n]xn uul/of /] ,xfy]/] s?jf kfgL
e'h'jf
t n]xn sf]l5ofO, rnn v]t kfgL b]x] ..
o; uLtdf klg v]tLkflt / k|s[lts}
k|;+u nfO{ cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5 .
h]7
c;f/s] dlxgf /] ab/L 3fd 3]/g}
pQ/]
blIf0f] afbn uh{] aif}{ lemg a'Flbof ..
o;df klg h]7 c;f/sf] dlxgf afnn]
3fd w]g{] u/]sf] / pQ/ blIf0faf6 afbn ug{] / kfg kg{] u/]sf] s'/f atfOPsf] 5 .
To:t} u/L csf{] uLtdf o;/L elgPsf]
kfOG5 .
df]/
lkk/L s] nDaL nDaL kft b'jf/ af]of} lkk/Lo
cFugfd]
lgAa' af]of}+ ldt/L cgf/ af]of}+
ldt/L
cgf/ af]of} /] .
d]/f] ?vsf] nfdf] kft 5, 6Lsfdf
lkk/L-Psk|sfsf] a[If_ af]PF . cfFugdf lga'F nufPF / leq cgf/ af]PF eg]/ kmn
nufPsf] k|;+u o;df elgPsf] 5 .
o:t} u/L s7l/of yf¿x?sf] 8f]nf
uLtdf klg k|s[ltsf] a0f{g kfOG5 .
c;f9
df; ha nfu ;vL /]
p7]
36f 3g3f]/ /]
s'xs]
df]/ rds] lah'nL, lkof uP k/b]z /] ..
o;df cf;f/ dlxgfdf afbn hf]/n]
nfUg], lah'nL rDsg] / lkof k/b]z uPsf] cj:yf x'gk] cj:yfsf] lrq0f kfOG5 .
To;/L g} csf{] s7l/of yf¿sf] uLtdf
o;/L k|s[lt a0f{g kfOG5 .
s'On
ag s'FxsL /xf] x} /], ;'g bfb' /] d]/] af]n
h]7 tk] lbg /ft c;f9 pd8 3'd8 hn
a/;]
;fpg k/t lxF8f]n ls;g s'j/L ;]
em'n] .
s7l/of kr/f uLtdf klg k|s[lt lrq0f
kfOG5 .
c/] ufpF lk5jg clen ag /]
sf]On / af]n] cfwL /ft,
sf]OnLs af]nL ;'xfjg /] cf] b]jL
tf]/ b/jf/
sfOnLs af]nL ;'xfjg /] ========
ufpFsf]
k5fl8 cldn ag 5 . sf]OnLn] cfwL /ftdf af]Ng] u5{ . sf]OnLsf] af]nLdf ld7f; 5
eGg] k|;+udf of] uLt ufOPsf] kfOG5 .
:yfg laz]ifsf] a0f{g klg yf¿
nf]suLtdf kfOG5 .
3f]8L
3f]8f tnjf xk} ax't ;'xfjg, gfd rnt
x}
;a ;+;f/ .
rf?
t/km;] hut aFw] x}, tn'jf ag] x} ej ;fu/
o;/L yf¿ nf]suLtdf
k|s[ltnfO{ klg k|d'v :yfg lbOPsf] 5 . k|s[ltsf] a0f{gdf uLt? l;h{gf ul/Psf]
kfOG5 . dflg;sf] hLjgsf ;'v b'vnfO{ k|ltlaDag ug{] sfo{df oL uLtx?sf]
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
cGTof'gk|;sf]
cfof]hgfsf ;fy} sltko x/kmx?sf] k'g/fa[lt u/]/ uLtnfO{ nofTds agfpg] ul/Psf]
kfOG5 . ;fgf rf/ kfFr Znf]s b]lv lnP/ nfdf uLtx? klg o; cGt{ut k/]sf] kfOG5 .
af/df;] uLt, ;hgf uLt, aguLt, cflbLdf k|s[ltsf] lrq0f ul/Psf] kOG5 . k|s[ltnfO{
cfnDag agfP/ cfkm\gf efjgfnfO{ d{:kzL{ 9+un] k|:t't ul/Psf] ;d]t kfOG5 .
$=@=!) >d ;DaGwL yf¿
nf]suLt
yf¿x?
>ddf ljZjf; u5{g . ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ?kn] k5fl8 k/]sf x'Fbf >d u/]/
kfl/jf/sf] lgjf{x ug'{kg{] afWotf pgLx?df cfPsf] x'G5 . >d / >lds xslxt
af/]df yf¿ nf]suLtdf cg]s efjx? cfPsf] kfOG5 .
x/
h'jf sfGWod af]Sn, leG;fx v]Tjd
knf6s]
knf6 v]Tjf hf]taf], lawf t l56\jd ..
xnf] h'jf af]s]/ v]t hf]Tg] /
kl/>d ug{] s'/f o; uLtdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
o;} u/L b]z agfpg] lhDdf xfd|f]
ePsf]n] d]xgt u/]/ df6f]nfO{ /fd|f] agfpg' kg{] efj o;/L AoQm u/]sf] 5 .
b]z
agfOgf lhDdf xdf/, xd| gf}hjfg .
d]xgtn]
ag7 oxfF, ktfk{ df6L :jfg ..
o;} u/L ;do lgsfn]/ v]tL klg ug{] /
slxn] ;'s'n slxn] 9lsof laGg] sfd ug{] eg]/ >ddf cf:yf AoQm ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
;do
x]s{ lxpFb, aif{, wfg, ux'F a'O7L
se'
xd ;'tgf uf]Gb|L, se' 9Sof laG7L .
yf¿ hflt v]tL ug{df v'zL x'g] /
v]tL u/]/ lhp kfNg] eg] elgPf] 5 .
v]tL
s}s hLp kNgf yf¿ xdf/ hflt .
w]/
wfg km/fsg v'zL ;] lbg sf6L ..
dfof k|]dsf] k|;+u;Fu} cfkm\gf]
hflt sfd ug{] hflt ePsf] s'/f o;/L cleAoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
sfd
s/tL ;fnL , yf¿ x'OtL hft .
t'tn
xdf/ ;fnL, df}sf;] x'OnL e]+6 ..
sf}g}
dg} df:6/ sf}gf] xflsd e];f/
sf}gf]
b'MvL ul/a h'g's sfd s};] lbg u'hy{ . .
s'g} dflg; lzIfs, s'g} dflg; e+;f/
xflsd ePtf klg ul/a b'MvLn] >d u/]/ klg lbg u'hf{g c;Wo ePsf] s'/f oxfF
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
o:tf
>duLtx? b'O{ x/kmb]lv lnP/ nfdf nfdf ;d]t kfOG5g\ . ;/n Pj\ cfkm\gf efjgf
kf]Vg glxrlsrfOsf] kfOG5 . sfdnfO{ dxTj lbOPsf], cN5L gug{] / kl/>daf6
afFRg] yf¿x?sf] laZjf; kfOG5 . uLtx?df cGTofg'k|f;sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] kfOG5 . no
l;h{gf ug{ …y]uf]Ú sf] k|of]u ug{] rng klg a9\b} uPsf] kfOG5 . sltko uLtx? Psn
?kdf Pj\ sltko ;fd"lxs ?kdf ufpg] ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
$=@=!! yf¿ nf]suLtdf
v]tLkftLsf k|;ª\u
yf¿
;dfhdf v]tLktLsf] 7"nf] dxTj 5 . s[lifnfO{ g} k|d'v k]zf agfpg] sfd yf¿x?n]
u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;'b'/ klZrdsf clwsf+; yf¿x? s[lifdf g} cfl>t 5g\ . yf¿x?sf]
uLtdf klg o;sf] k|efj /x]sf] kfOG5 .
c;fb,
df;, w/tL, r}g afbn 3'd8L
uP
rf/f} cf]/, xl/o/ eml/of, ;km]b ..
o; uLtdf c;f/sf] dlxgfsf] af/]df
atfOPf][ 5 . afbn nfUg] / v]tLkftLsf] ;do ePsf] s'/f o; uLtdf atfOPf] 5 .
uf]tn
v]tjfdf a]of} c/xl/of .
xf]
ggbL xdf/ s/f}+ cvjl/of ..
hf]ltPsf] v]tdf c/x/ nufpg] u5' ggb
hL d]f] va/ 3/ k7fp eGg] k|;+u of] uLtdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
lz/d]
t'xgs] l/0f af,
3/d]
cgfh g} xf], s]jn ef8s] l;9L af ..
o; uLtdf sd}ofx?sf]
b'Mvb cj:yfnfO{ b]vfOPsf] 5 . 6fpsf]df ltd|f] C0f 5 . 3/df s'g} cgfh 5}g, s]jn
efF8sf] e/df afFr]sf] 5f} . eg]/ elgPsf] 5 . hlt >d ubf{ klg vfg nfpg gk'Ug]
cj:yfnfO{ o; uLtdf b]vfOPsf] 5 .
o;/L g} wfg v]tLsf] dxTjnfO{ o;/L
b]vfOPsf] 5 .
em\jf/ em\jf/ kfgL cOgf wfg v]tL
sgf{ af .
v]Tjf hf]Tgf sf]Gjf sf]gf], laof/
l56\gf af .
o; uLtdf kfgL hf]/n]
kl//x]sf] 5 . wfg v]tL ug'{ kg{] 5 . v]t hf]Tg', s'gf sf]g'{, lap 5g'{ 5 eg]/
wfg v]tL ug'{kg{] cj:yf b]vfOPsf] 5 . v]tLkftLsf] dxTj o;df b]vfOPsf] 5 .
xd|
ls;fg====ls;fg=====ls;fg
kmnO7L
wfg====wfg======wfg
xl;of
jf sf]b/f af xdf/ lgzfg ..
o; uLtdf klg xfdL ls;fg
xf}+ / wfg kmnfpF5f} . xFl;of, sf]bfnL, xfd|f] ;fwg xf] eg]/ v]tLsf] af/]df
cfkm\gf] wf/0ff AoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
yf¿ hflt v]tL u/]/ hLjg lgjf{x ug{
/ w]/} cGg kmnfP/ v'zL x'g] hflt ePsf] s'/f o;/L AoQm ul/Psf] 5 .
v]tL
s}s] hLp kfNgf yf¿ xdf/ hflt
w]/
wfg km/fs/ v'zL ;] lbg sf6L ..
To;/L
g} v]tL u/]/ b'O{ rf/ dlxgf vfg k'Ug] / OHht 9fSg n'uf klg 5}g eGgk] s'/f o;
nf]suLtdf o/L k|s6 ul/Psf] 5 . ul/a ls;fgsf] lajztf o;df cfPsf] kfOG5 .
b'O{
rf/ dlxgf v}gf g}k'Ugf sl;s lhp kfn'F .
OHht
5f]Kgf nuf km] g} xf], sf lrh d} 3fn'F ..
o;/L yf¿ efiffsf
nf]suLtx?df v]tLkftLsf k|;+u klg cflkPsf] xfdL kfpF5f} . yf¿x? s[lif;Fu a9L
nufj /fVg] d]xgtL hflt ePsf]n] yf¿x?n] s[lif k]zfnfO{ cToGt ;Ddg ;fy lng] u/]sf
xfdL kfpF5f} .
$=@=!@ yf¿ nf]suLtdf
dfofk|]dsf efjx?
dfgj
hLjgdf k|]dsf] cToGt 7"nf] dxTj 5 . kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs Aoj:yfnfO{ cufl8
a9fpg dfofk|]dsf] e"ldsf /xG5 . kfl/jfl/s Ps csf{k|lt :g]x, k|d] Psflt/
cfjZos x'G5 eg] To:t} u/L ;dfhk|lt /fi6«k|ltsf] k|d klg h?/L g} dflgG5 .
;[li6nfO{ rnfpg], hLjgsf] ofqf cl3 a9fpg klg g/ gf/Llar k|]d cfjZos x'G5 . x/]s
hflt, ;dfhdf kfOg] nf]suLtx? dfofk|d]sf efjx?n] el/Psf kfOG5 . g/ / gf/Lslf]
k|]d la5f]8sf efjx? yf¿ nf]suLtdf klg k|of{Kt ?kdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
Psflt/
kf}/fl0fs ufyfx?df dfof k|]dsf uLtx? kfOG5g\ eg] csf{]lt/ k/Dk/fut Pjd\
;d;fdlos uLtx?df klg dfofk|]dsf efjx? cfPsf] kfOG5 .
gog
lglbof gcfP, df]xL la/x ;tfP .
c;'gjgs]
aiff{t, and la/ lhof/f h/fo ..
kTgLsf] cfvfdf lgGb|f 5}g . a;f{tdf
klt lagf dg nflu/x]sf] 5}g eGg] efj dflysf] uLtdf cleAoQm 5 . kltsf] ;fy lagf
s:tf] dg x'G5 eGg] s'/f o;df cfPsf] 5 .
5f]8
gfxL aflxof d}, lg7"/L ;hlgof x}
rfx]
nf]ujf s/] xf] abgfd, rfx] b'O{ x] laxfg ..
lgi7'/ k|]ldsfsf] c+ufnf] d 5f]8g
;Sb}g . rfx] dflg;x?n] abgfd u?g of rfx] laxfg g} xf]; eg]/ elgPsf] 5 . Ps k|]d
laof]uLsf] cfzlQmnfO{ b]vfOPsf] 5 .
b"/
sf]O ufP, uLt ;'gfP, dgd] afFw] g wL/ .
lat
/] and c;xfF , afh] g dgd] d'/lnof ..
6f9f s;}n] ufP/ uLt ;'gfO/x]sf] 5,
dgdf w}o{ 5}g . lagf k|]dL d]/f] dgsf] d'/nL alh/x]sf] 5}g eGg] efj o; uLtdf
kfOG5 . of] klg la5f]8sf] efjnfO{ bzf{pg] uLt xf] .
ls
x[bos df]/ lk|t ;bfs] nfu d]6f b/nf] .
of
lhGbuLd] nfjf hLjg e]6f uOnL ..
ls t ltdLn] x[boaf6 d]/f] lk|t
;bfsf nflu d]6fO;s]sf 5f}, of gofF hLjg;fyL kfO;Sof] eg]/ k|]ldsfnfO{ ;f]lwPsf]
5 . o;df klg k|flKtsf] rfxgf / k|]d lga]bg kfOG5 .
rln
cfof} ;hgfjf xdf/ ulnof
h};]
af]nL sf]onLof xdf/ aluof ..
k|ldsfnfO{ cfkm\gf] unLdf cfpg
cfAxfg ul/Psf] 5 . sf]OnLsf] h:tf] af]nL ePsf] k|]ldsfnfO{ afudf cfpg k|]l/t
ul/Psf] 5 .
lkof
lando /] lkof lg5'8] k/b]z xdf/
ca
/+u 5f]/L d} lsxL ;] v]n'F ..
klt k/b]z uP/ la5f]8 ePsf] 5 . ca
xf]/Lsf] /+u sf] ;Fu v]n'F eg]/ kTgLsf] la/x Aoyf of] uLtdf cfPsf] 5 .
uf]/]
uf]/] d'v8k] d] t]/] lalbFof uha ;f]xfj}
n]vs]
t]/L rfn d:tfgL lhof/f df]/] nnrfj} ..
o; uLtdf gf/Lsf] k|;+;f ul/Psf] 5 .
uf]/f] cg'xf/df lalbFof rDs]sf] 5 . ltd|f] d:tfgL rfn b]v]/ d]/f] dg nf]lePsf]
5 eGg] gf/L k|ltsf] cfzlQm efj o;df k|sf6 ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L kf}/fl0fs ufyf;F ;DalGwt
nf]suLtdf klg dfof k|]ddf efjx? kfOG5g\ .
pems
em/f]vf b]vt ;Ltf b]v]F >L/fd sf]
/fd
5f]6 wg'vf ef/L, /fd df]/ dg a;] ..
kbf{ p3f/]/ ;Ltfx] >L/fdnfO{
x]l/g\ . wg' 7"nf] / /fd ;fgf] ePsf] b]lvg\ . >L/fd pgnfO{ dg k¥of] .
o;/L k'/f0f;Fu ;DalGwt nf]suLtdf klg dfofk|]dsf efjx? kfOG5g\ .
To:t} u/L s[i0f ;DaGwL uLtdf klg
dfofk|]dsf efj kfOG5 .
kmfu'g
df; ha nfu] ;vL /] ;a em'/ v]n] xf]/L
d}
/flwsf sfGx lag em'/e' cfh ls;fg lag ;'\gL xf]/L ..
kmfu'g dlxgf nfu]kl5 ;a}n] xf]nL
v]Ng] u5{g . d /flwsf s[i0f lagf xf]/L z'Go dflg/x]5' eGg] efj o; nf]s uLtdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
dfx]
dgd] hf] x} lkof s] cfz] .
casL
rf]6L lkof 3/ P] x]+ /lvxf} 5lgof 5ltof nufO{ ..
d]/f] dgdf kltsf] 7"nf]
k|ltIff /xk]sf] 5, casf] a]nf 3/ cfPkl5 5ftLdf nufP/ /fVg]5' eGg] efj o;
nf]suLtdf cleAoQm 5 .
o;/L
yf¿ nf]suLtdf dfof k|]dsf efjx? c;+Vof kfOG5g\ . dfofk|]dnfO{ laifo agfpg] sfo{
laut b]lv at{dfg;Dd rln/x]sf] kfOG5 .
$=@=!# yf¿ nf]suLtdf
rf8kj{
yf¿
hflt aif{el/df rf8ka{ dgfpg] u5{g . rf8ka{df rfRg], ufpg] k/Dk/f klxn]b]lv g}
rNb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . rf8ka{df ;fd'lxs /kdf e]nf x'g], vfglkg / v'zLofnL dgfpg],
gfrufg ug{] sfo{df yf¿x?sf] cu|;/tf /x]sf] kfOG5 .
yf¿x?
aif{el/df cg]s ka{xf/ dgfpg] s|ddf df3L, xf]/L, kmu'O{, xb{jf, cli6DsL, 8:of
nflu k|d'vtf lbG5g\ . …cli6DsLÚ / 8:of lxGb" wd{sf u|Gydf cfwfl/t cfVofgsf
cfwf/df dgfOg] ka{ x'g\ eg] df3L yf¿ hfltsfl] gofF aif{sf] ?kdf dgfOg] ka{ xf]
.
df3L
ka{sf] k[i7e"ld v]tL xf] . df3b]lv gofF sfdsf] of]hgfsf ;fy} v'zLofnL /
ka{ dgfpg] sfo{ ub{5g\ . df3LnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L dxTj lbgsf] kfOG5 . df3Ldf s]6f /
s]6Lsf ;d"x eP/ gfRg] ufpg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . df3Ldf ufOg] uLt o:tf] k|sf/sf]
x'G5 .
afafs]
;fu/ u}g' xfF d'l/of nfxfg
;vL
P xf] . ;]b'F/ 5'6n kfgL3f6
afafs]
;fu/ u}g'F xfF d'l/of nfxfg
;vL
P xf], l6s'nL 5'6n kfgL3f6 .
o; uLtdf :gftdf gbLdf uPsf] /
uxgf5'6]sf] k|;+u atfOPsf] 5 .
yf¿
hfltdf df3Lkl5 8:of -bz}_ ka{nfO{ dxTj lbOPsf] kfoG5 . 36:yfkgfb]lv nP/ of] ka{
z'? x'G5 . dlxgfel/ g} ufpg] gfRg] sfd x'G5 . …als{df/Ú k'/f0f k|f}9x?n] ufpg]
/ o'jfx/N] ;Vof -s[i0f hLjgLdf cfwfl/t efujt k'/f0f_ ufpg] / ufpg l;Sg] sfd
u5{g\ . ;lvof uLtsf] k|sf/ o:tf] k|sf/sf] x'G5 .
sxfDg
af6 xf] hf;" n'xsL s'//Lo
vvL
/ sxfFdg af6 nf}xs} a;nf ..
To:t} u/L vlof uLtsf] Ps c+z o;
k|sf/sf] x'G5 .
b'/xL;]
b]vn r]/Lof/L alxgL /] xF
;vL
P xf] , Oxkft aO9f] /fhf/] xdf/ ..
yf¿ nf]suLtdf cli6DsL -ci6dL_;Fu
;DalGwt uLtx? klg k|rngdf cfPsf] kfOG5 . s[i0f;Fu ;DalGwt uLtx? o;df ufOg]
ul/G5 . >Ls[i0fsf] hGdlbj;sf cj;/df ufOg] x'Fbf o;nfO{ hGdfi6dL,
s[i0fhGdfi6dL jf cli6DsL klg eGg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . of] yf¿x?sf] k|l;4 j|tkj{ xf]
. [61] o; cj;/df ufOg] uLtdf s[i0f,
af;'b]j, ozf]bf cflbsf k|;+u cfPsf] kfOG5 . h:t} M
cfO
6 u}n v]tL kftLs lbg
6'F
sxfF xf] Oz? a};L la;}nf]
rnL
cfjf] Oz? x/jf pxf/
t}
sf/L hf;' x/jf pxf/ k}7Yof ..
k|:tt' uLtdf ozf]bf -hf;"_ /
Oz? -af;'b]j_ sf] aLrdf v]tLsf] ;DaGwdf ;+nfk /x]sf] 5 . o; a[xt cfVofg 8:of
-bz}_ df ufOg] …;VofÚ nf]ssfAodf cfpF5 .
yf hfltdf xf]L uLt klg k|l;4 5g\ .
xf]/Ldf o'jf o'jtL e]f x'g], /+u v]Ng] / gfRg] ufpg] ub{5g\ . h:t} M
nfnf
cR5L cR5L em'dsf, nfnf k}Fwt nfu] 8]/
xf]/L
v]ng 8] aluofd] .
yf¿ nf]suLtdf ka{uLtx?
k|z:t kfOG5g\ . o:tf uLtx?df kf}/fl0fs k|;+usf ;fy} at{dfgdf dflg;x?sf
ef]ufO{sf kIfx? klg cfpF5g\ .
$=@=!$ yf¿ nf]suLtdf
nf]sljZjf;
s'g}
klg hfltsf] cfkm\gf] nf]sk/Dk/f x'G5 . ToxL k/Dk/fnfO{ lgaf{x ug{] s|ddf
aiff{}b]lv Ps vfn] nf]slaZjf; dflgb} cfPsf] x'G5 . Tof] dfGotf Ps k':tfb]lv
lnP/ cg]sg k':tf;Dd /lx/xG5 . ;do;Fu} sltko s'/fdf dflg;x?n] km/s vfn] wf/0ff
agfPsf ePtf klg k/Dk/fut lrGtg kl/at{g x'g ;do nfUb5 .
yf¿
hfltdf cg]sg nf]slaZjf; kfOG5g\ . tL nf]slaZjf;x? uLtsf] ?kdf k|s6 ePsf x'G5g\
. yf¿x?df ;[li6 ;DaGwL cg]sg laZjf; x? kfOG5g\ . …u'af{fas hGdf}ltÚ gfdn]
k|rlnt …u'/}Ú k'hfdf u'?jfx?n] afrg ug{] ufyfdf ;[li6 ;DaGwL yf¿ bz{g AoSt
ul/Psf] 5 . [62]
o;sf]
cf/Dedf htftt} s'lx/f] AofKt ePsf] b]vOPsf] 5 . k[YjL cfuf]sf] uf]nf h:tf}
lyof] . o;af6 ;Dk"0f{ s'/fx? gi6 x'G5g\ . To; w'Fjfaf6 afn ag]/ a|DxfG8
hndUg x'G5 . To; hndf Pp6f k'?if / Pp6L dlxnfsf] hGdf x'G5 . h;nfO{ Ps5q /fhf,
Ps5q /fgL elgPsf] 5 . Ps5q /fgLn] hGdfPsf] c08faf6 ;"o{, rGb|df, kxf8,
ka{t, lza cflb pTklQ x'G5g\ . tL dWo]df Pshgf 1fgL k'?if …u'af{afÚ hGdG5g .
ltg} u'af{afn] u8\of}nf, u+u6f, 9's'/ cflbsf] ;xof]u lnP/ ynd08n agfpF5g\ .
k[YjL
uf]nf] lyof] eg] larf/ cfw'lgs a}1flgs larf;Fu ldNg] ePtf klg cGo s'/fx? df}lns
b]lvG5g\ .
xfF
xfF /] klxnt aif{ b'F6L s'xL/
cfa
8}of snh'u 3]/n dL/tL ejg .
xfF
xfF /] bf];t a/; sf]Onf s} /]v .
cf
ab}of=======
o;/L
;[li6 s;/L z'? eof] eGg] k|;+usf] p7fg o; …u'af{as hdf{}tLÚ df bzf{OPsf] 5 .
To;/L g} k|s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt
laZjf;sf] ;Gbe{df yf¿ hfltdf …u}of a]x|gfÚ, …u'/}Ú cflb laZjf;x? kfOG5g\ .
u}ofa]x|gf
d"ntM yf¿ nf]s dxfef/tsf] …;';df{ k}wf/Ú;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . ;';df{ k}wf/df
ch'{gn] a[xdnnfsf] 5bd e]ifdf h'g aL/tf zf}o b]vfPsf 5g\, To;}sf] k|lts[ltsf]
?kdf yf¿ ;dfhdf a}zfv h]i7sf] udL{df kfgL gkbf{ yf¿ o'jtLx? xftdf 5QL lbP/
cg]sg ;fxl;s sfo{ ub{5g\ . st} st} ;dodf kfgL gkbf{ nfdf] v8]/L kg{ uPdf yf¿
al7Gofx? /fqLdf lga{:q ufpFsf] uNnLdf xnf] hf]Tg] / 3/3/df ufP/ efF8f km6fpg],
kmnkm'n l6k]/ kmflnlbg] pkb|j u5{g\ . yf¿ ;d'bfodf o;f] ubf{ kfgL kg{] laZjf;
kfOG5 .
o;/L
g} yf¿ nf]shLjgdf k|rlnt …u'/}Ú k'Hf -k|s[lt ;DaGwL_ klg Ps k|rng xf] .
aif{]v]t cl3 / aif{] v]nt kl5 b'O{k6s ufpFsf] ;fd'lxs b]j:yndf k"hf u5{g .
dxtfjfF n] k'hfsf] cfof]hgf u5{g / u'?jfx?n] k"hfsf] g]t[Tj u5{g .
asL{df/
yf¿ nf]s dxfsfAo xf] . of] bz}sf] a]nf ufOG5 . yo;df dxfef/t;Fu ;DalGwt syfgs
kfOG5 . of] yf¿ nf]shLjgdf k|rlnt 5 .
/fhf
lh/L hf]wg sx ha nfu
z's'gL
dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{
sf}g
lalw df?F k~rf] efO====
/fhf
b'of{}wgn] zs'gL dfdfnfO{ s'g} pkfoåf/f kf08jx?nfO{ x6fpg] a'4L vf]Hg eg]sf]
k|;+u o;df cfPsf] 5 . dxfef/tsf syf¿ o;df >[+vnfa4 ?kdf cfPsf] kfOG5 .
To;/L g} ;lvofdf ufOg] uLtx?df klg
s[i0f rl/qsf] af/]df uLtx? ufOPsf] x'G5g\ . To:t} km"njf/df k'/f0fsf
k|;+ux? cfPsf] kfOG5 . o;df laleGg cWofox? /x]sf kfOG5 .
lzj
/ kfj{tLsf] hLjg;Fu ;DalGwt ufyfx? o;df cPsf] kfOG5 . km"njf/df kf}/fl0fs
/ yf¿ hfltsf] nf}lss ;+:s[ltsf] ;lDdng kfOG5 .
o;/L g} dx6Fjf, u'?jf cflbsf]
e"ldsf klg yf¿ ;dfhdf k|d'v /xG5 . dx6Fjf ufpFsf] k|v'd AolQm xf] eg]
u'?jf x?n] cfkm\gf] If]qleq ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts sfo{x? ug{] ub{5g\ . u'/}sf]
cj;/df u'?jfx?n] u'?afas hGdf}lt zLif{ssf] ;[li6 ufyf afrg ug{] u/]sf] k|rng
kfOG5 .
yf¿ ;dfhdf /fd ufyf klg k|rngdf
/x]sf] kfOG5 . o;df /fdsf] hLjgk|;+usf ;fy} /fdfo0fsf syfx? klg k|:t't ul/Psf]
kfOG5 .
cGg
a wg bz/y /fhf t} a/L ;'vL,
Ps
k'x'Q lagf g} a/L b'vL ..
cGg jf wg eP/ ;'vL ePtf klg Pp6f
klg k'q gePsf]n] bz/y /fhf b'MvL 5g eGg] s'/f o; uLtdf elgPsf] 5 .
v]tLkftLkl5
;fd"lxs ?kdf e]nf eP/ g[To / ufog ug]{ vf; kx'gf cfPdf p;sf] ;Ddfgdf uLt
k|:t't ug{] u/]sf] kfOG5 . To:t} u/L b]jL b]jtfsf] k"hf k"hfdf uLt
ufpg] k|rlnt klg 5 . lajfxsf ;do ;f]xL cg';f/sf] uLt ufOG5 .
o;/L
x]g{] xf] eg] yf¿ hflt uLt ;+uLtdf /dfpg] hflt xf] . aif{el/ dgfOg] laleGg
ka{sf ;fy} laleGg k/Dk/fut uLtx?df logLx?sf] laZjf; kfOG5 . cfWoflTds cf:yf,
k"vf{k|lt ;Ddfg, laleGg ;dodf ufOg] dgf]/~hgfTds g[To, uLtn] yf¿ hfltsf]
nf]s;+:s[ltnfO{ wlg agfPsf] kfOG5 .
$=@=!% yf¿ nf]suLtdf ;d;fdlos
r]tgf
;dfhdf
kl/at{g lg/Gt/ rln/xG5 . ;do;Fu} dflg;x?sf] ;f]rfO{df klg kl/jt{g eO/xG5 . x/]s dflg; cfkm\gf] hLjg ;'vL Pj\
;kmn ePsf] b]Vg rfxG5 . ;fdflhs k|rng, lzIff, ul/aL nufj cflb sf/0fx?n] ;dfhsf]
lasf;s|dnfO{ k|eflat t'NofPsf] x'G5 . ;dfhdf cfly{s Pjd\ ;fdflhs ?kdf x]g{]
c;dfgtfn] dflg;x?sf] r]tgfdf k|efj kfl//xg5 . cfkm" sdhf] x'gsf] kL8f,
cuf8L a9\g rfxg] tLa| pTs07f, ;kmntfsf nflu ul/g] k|of; cflbn] p;sf] hLjgnfO{
gofF dfu{sf] vf]hL tkm{ 8f]¥ofpF5 . s'g} s'/fsf] cefj af]w kl5 dfq To;sf]
k|flKtdf s;}sf] klg rfxgf Pjd\ pT;'stf /xFb}g . yf¿ ;d'bfosf uLtx?df cfkm\gf]
hftLo pTyfgsf] efu kfOG5 . sltko uLtx? k/Dkf/ut no l;h{gf u/]/ tof/ ul/Psf 5g
eg] sltko ;h{sn] cfkm\g} lsl;dn] l;h{gf u/]sf] kfOG5 . h] h:tf] ePtf klg of]
uLtx?sf] cWoogaf6 yf¿ ;d'bfosf] xfnfsf] cj:yf Pjd\ r]tgfsf] ;dfhzf:qLo sf]0faf6
;d]t x]g{ Pjd laZn]if0f ug{ d2t k'Ug] b]lvG5 . k/Dk/fut ?9Laf6 d'Qm eP/ :j:y
Pjd\ ;d'Ggt ;dfhsf] rfxgf /fv]sf oL uLtaf6 yf¿sf] ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts, z}lIfs
lasf;s|d a9\b} uPsf] / cfTd:jfledfgsf] k|Zgn] 7fpF kfpFb} u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{
eg] ;lsb}g .
;d;fdlos yf¿ nf]suLt
jt{dfgdf
yf¿ ;d'bfo cToGt ;r]t eP/ cfPsf] kfOG5 . cfkm\gf] xslxtsf s'/fx? , cfkm\gf
hLjgsf ;+3if{ ufyfx? o;n] af]Ng yfln;s]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] ;dfh ;'wf/]/ g]kfnL
/fli6«o PstfnfO{ cem ;'9[b agfpg] sfo{df yf¿ nf][suLtsf] dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf
b]lvG5 . yf¿ nf]suLtdf kfOg] ;d;fdlos r]tgfnfO{ o;/L b]vfpg ;lsG5 .
s_ lzIff ;DaGwL r]tgfd"ns
uLtx?
yf¿ ;d'bfodf lzIffsf] dxTjnfO{
klxn] eGbf a9L cg'e"t ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . lzIff lagf hLjg Aoy{ 5 eGg] efjsf
uLtx? ufOg yfn]sf 5g\ .
cfhsn
k9gf lnVgf, xf]jO{ 1fgs vfgL .
;Ss'
ldNs] n8sf k9fO{, agfO{ cfkg afgL ..
o; uLtdf cfhef]ln k9fO{ n]vfO{sf]
dxTj a9]sf] / k9]/ dfG5] 1fgL aGg] s'/f bzf{OPsf] 5 . ;a} ldn]/ 5f]/f5f]/L
k9fpg' kg{] / To;nfO{ cfk\mgf] afgLsf] ?Kdf lasf; ug'{ kg{] efj AoSt ul/Psf] 5
.
sf]O
k9\yf cfO= P=, la= P=, sf]O{ Pd= P= kf; .
xdf/
h'g 5fO{ 5fjf, v]Nyf h'jf tf; ..
c?sf 5f]/f5f]/Lx? w]/} k9g] n]Vg]
u/]sf] / xfd|f 5f]/f5f]/L h'jftf;sf] las[ltdf kmF;]sf] efj uLtdf cfPsf] 5 . o;df
klg lzIff ;DaGwL lrGtf AoSt ul/Psf] 5 .
v_ k|ultsf nflu nfUg'kg{] efj
cfkm\gf] hflt k5fl8 kl/;s]sf] / ca
r'k nfu]/ a:g' gx'g], k|ultsf nflu nflukg'{kg{] efj o; uLtdf cleAoQm 5 .
cfh
xd| yf¿ hft s}l;s lk5/n aftL .
larf/
s/L ;Ss'hg cf3 kfOnf ;f/L ..
yf¿
hflt k8fl8 k/]sf]df lrGtf / cl3 a9\g'kg{] efjgf o;df kfOG5 .
u_ k/Dk/fut wf/0fk|lt Ao+Uo
;d;fdlos yf¿ nf]suLtdf k/Dk/fut
wf/0ff k|lt Ao+Uo /x]sf] kfOG5 .
b]Vs]
;'gs] taf]km]g, r'k nfun /xgf xdf/ afgL af .
afgL
xdf/ b}aL zlQm g} xf] vfnL xdf/ cfn:o kg xf] .
o; nf]suLtdf b]v]/, ;'g]/ klg r'k
nfu]/ a:g] k|a[ltk|lt Ao+Uo ul/Psf] 5 . afFsL b}aL zlQm x}g h;n] ubf{ xfdL kl5
k/]sf xf}+ . To:t} xfd|f] cfn:okg klg xfd|f] lasf;sf] afws xf] eGg] efj AoSt
ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
3_ ;fdflhs c;dfgtfsf] lrq0f
yf¿ nf]suLtdf ;fdflhs c;dfgtfsf]
lrq0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 . lgDg au{sf lgldQ Gofo gePsf] s'/f bzf{Psf] kfOG5 .
loFxf
t s]jn wlg cf] lhDbf/ x] Gofo af .
Gofos
nfu cfjfh p7}af] sxn];]
xfyd]
xts8L nufs] h]ns] leQ/ k7}gf af .
oxfF wgL / hldGbf/nfO{ dfq Gofo 5,
Gofosf nflu cfjfh p7fPdf xftdf xts8L nfuP/ h]nleq k7fpF5g eGg] s'/f b]vfOPsf] 5
.
ª_ gf/Lsf] a]bgf lrq0f
yf¿ nf]suLtdf 5f]/Lx?sf] b'Mv
a]bgfnfO{ klg cleAoSt ul/psf] b]lvG5 .
sfs/
b]nf] bfO{ df]/ 5fOs fh/d .
lhGbuL
e/ latgf cfgs 3/d ..
cfdf, dnfO{ lsg hGd lbof} lhGbuL e/
csf{sf] 3/df uP/ hLjg ltlfpg' kg{] b'Mvsf] lrq0f o;df ul/Psf] 5 .
r_ sd}of hLjgsf] pGd'lQm rfxgf
yf¿ uLtx?df sd}of k|yf cGTosf]
sfdgf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . sd}of k|yf cGTo ePdf cfkm\gf] ;dfhsf][ enf] x'g] s'/f cl3
;fl/Psf] kfOG5 .
sd}of
k|yf cGt x'On;],
Djf/
;dfh km] cf}/ ;dfh xF; .
PSsfO;f}
ztfAbLd bf}8n] ;],
d}
s'5 ;Gtf]if n]t'F .
d}
x] 6'F, cg'ej st{F .
^_ ;fdflhs hfu/0fsf] rfxgf
yf¿ nf]suLtx?df 5f]/f, 5f]/Ldf
e]befj /fVg gx'g], bfOhf] k|yf x6fP/ lzIffdf a9L Wofg lbg'kg{] s'/fnfO{ hf]8
lbPsf] kfOG5 .
a]6f
cf] a]6Ld] e]b g/fv],
bgf]
s] b]x k7fO{ .
bx]hjf
s] k|yf b]x' x6fO{
lzIffs]
b]x'f a9fO{ ..
h_ lab|f]x r]tgf
yf¿ nf]suLtdf lab|f]x r]tgf klg
kfOG5 . clwsf/ dfu]/ x}g, n8]/ lng'kb{5 eGg] efj cleAoSt kfOG5 .
xf]
;sn laxfg cfa rnf] efO n8] hfO{ .
lbbL,
e}of, afa', ca zf]ifsg;] g8/fO{ .
ca
laxfg eO;Sof] ;a} efO ldn]/ n8\g hfpF . lbbL , a}gL, ca zf]ifsx?;Fu g8/fpF eGg]
efj o;df cfPsf] 5 .
o;/L
;d;fdlos yf¿ uLtdf kl/at{gsf] rfxgf cleAoSt ePsf] kfOG5 . oLt uLtx?n] yf¿x?df
a9bf] hfu?stf Pjd\ cfTdlge{/tfnfO{ b]vfPsf] 5 . lzIffsf b[li6sf, clwsf/sf
b[li6n] , k|ultsf b[li6n] yf¿ ;dfhdf b]vf k/]sf] hfu?stfnfO{ oL uLtx?n]
k|ltlaDag u5{g\ . Psflt/ cfkm" k5fl8 k/]sf] cGofodf k/]sf], cefjdf afFRg'
k/]sf] oyfy{af]w 5 eg] csf{]lt/ clwsf/sf nflu n8\g' kg{], ;+3if{ ug'{ kg{]
r]tgf klg lasf; eO;s]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;dfh ?kfGt/0fsf] s|ddf dxTjk"0f{
dxTjk"0f{ pknAwL dfq ;lsG5 .
hf]
lxhf] cfdf]bk|df]b / dlb/fdf r'n'{Dd b'a]sf lyP . c?;Fu af]Ng 8/fpFy] . cfkm\g}
;dfhdf dfq l;ldt lyP . pgLx? cfh cfkm" / cfkm\gf] ;Gtfgsf] elaiosf nflu
lrlGtt 5g\ . cfkm\gf] clwsf/ vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ eg] o;n] pgLx?df cfPsf] hfu/0fnfO{
b]vfpF5 . g]kfnL ;dfhsf] lasf;df yf¿ ;d'bfosf] klg dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg /xFb}
cfPsf] / elaiodf klg /xg] laZjf; /fVg ;lsG5 .
$=@=!^ kf}/fl0fs
cfVofgo'Qm yf? nf]s /fdfo0f /fdlau|xuf
yf?
nf]s uLtdf /fdelQm;Fu ;DalGwt km'6s/ /rgf dfq geP/ a[xt cfVofgo'Qm …/fd laxu|fÚ
klg k|rlnt 5 .
yf?
nf]ssljx?n] yf? nf]s/fdfo0fnfO{ d"n /fdfo0f h:t} laleGg pkcWofodf laeflht
u/]sf gePtf klg t'ngfTds cWoogsf nflu laleGg pkcWofodf afFl8Psf] kfOG5 .
cfof]Wof zx/df
q]tfo'udf -dbgdl0f lblIftsf cg';f/ &))) aif} klxn]_ OIjfs' a+zLof /fhf
bz/y /fHo ub{y] . pgsf tLgj6f /fgL lyP . h]7L sf}lzNof, dflxnL ;'ldqf, sfG5L
s}s]oL . /fhkf6 wg ;DklQ ;a} ePtf klg lg;Gtfg ePsf]n] /fhf /fgL ;a b'vL lyP .
o1sf] Aoj:yf u/]/ /fgLx?nfO{ o1sf] k|;fb vL/ vfg lbOG5 . vL/ vfPsf] s]xL lbg
kZrft tLgj6} /fgLx?nfO{ ue{ /x]sf] yfx x'G5 .[63] o;/L ue{ /x]sf] af/]df yf? nf]s
/fdfo0fdf o;/L elgPsf] 5 .
P xf} Û tLgf] /fgL ue{ ;'xfO{,
cfgGb s/6f xf] bz/y /fhf
P x] Û ;'kmn dg'xf/ ahgf ahfof],
lgt pxL bfg b]xt xf] /fhf !
P x] P];g dg ;f]x|] ls gfxL dgbfzf
zx/s nf]u a};fO{ rf}df;f
P xf] Û k~rf] sfldgL ldnL uf7} gf/L
k|f0f s/] cgsf/L @
afnsf08df
bz/ysf rf/ 5f]/fsf] hGd, laZjfldq;Fu /fd nId0fsf] ag k|:yfg, clxNof;Fusf] e]6,
hgsk'/df ;Ltfsf] lajfxsf] tof/L, /fd nId0f ToxfF k'Gu', ;Ltfåf/f >]i7 a/sf]
nflu dxfb]j kfa{tLsf] k"hf nufotsf 36gf /x]s 5g\ . /fdåf/f wg'if tf]l8Pkl5
hgsåf/f cfkm\gf c? 5f]/L elthLsf] lajfx e/t, nId0f, zq'3g;Fu u/]sf] / /fd ;Ltf
;'vk"a{s bfDkTo hLjg z'? u/]sf 36gfx? 5g\ .
cfof]Wof
sf08df bz/yåf/f /fdnfO{ /fHo lbg] of]hgf agfPkl5 s}soLåf/f cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] arg
k'/f ug{ bz/ynfO{ eg]sf] 36gf kfOG5 . ToxL sgy cg';f/ e/t /fh / /fdnfO{
rf}waif{sf] agaf; pgn] dfu ul5{g\ . /fhfn] arg k'/f ug{ Tof] s'/f dfGb5g\ . t/
To;nfO{ c? ;fd' cleAoQm ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . s}soLn] ;a}nfO{ af]nfP/ /fhfsf] cfb]z
eg]/ Tof] lg0f{o ;'gfpFl5g\ . cg]s ts{ lats{ kl5 /fd nId0f / ;Ltf ag k|:yfg
u5{g\ .
dGqL
;'dGt af6f]df k'¥ofpg hfG5g\ . pgL klg /fd;Fu hfg vf]H5g\ t/ /fdn] pgnfO{
kmsf{pF5g\ . /fd / lgifb/fh u'?sf] e]6 x'G5 . pgLx? aftf{nfk ub{} ubf{ ;'d]wf /
;Ltf aLr klg s'/fsfgL x'G5 . ToxfFaf6 pgLx? u'? kl/jf/;Fu labf lnP/ lrqs'6 ka{t
hfG5g\ .
cfof]Wof b/jf/df ;'dq k'u]/ u+ufhL;Dd
/fd nId0f ;LtfnfO{ k'¥ofP cfPsf] s'/f u5{g\ . bz/y laef/ eP/ pgsf] d[To' x'G5 .
dfdf3/af6 e/tnfO af]nfOG5 . /fHo;efåf/f /fHo u|x0f ug{ ul/Psf] k|:tfjsf] e/t
la/f]w u5{g . pgL /fsf] vf]hdf hfG5g\ . /fdnfO{ e]6]/ /fHo u|x0f ug{ eg]kl5 /fd
claisf/ u5{g . e/t pgsf] kfb'sf lnP/ kms{G5g\ . kfbsfnfO{ /fdsf] k|ltlglw dfg]/
l;+xf;gdf /fv]/ rf}w aif{ zf;g ug{] k|0f ub{5g\ .
c/0o
sf08df /fd nId0f ;Ltf agh+un df a;f]af; u/]/ / k~rjtL s''6Ldf a;]sf] kfOG5 .
h;af/] yf? nf]s/fdfo0f o;/L elgPsf] 5 .
pr sf]6 dxf Ps ;'Gb/ ;Ltf nu}nL
km"njf/L
px x] /fd Û ;Ltf nu}nL
km"njf/L ..[64]
z'k{0fvf /fd;Fu df]lxt eP/ laxf
k|:tfj /flV5g\ t/ cl:jsf/ ePkl5 nId0f;Fu cfslif{t x'Fbf nId0fn] p;sf] gfsd vt
agfOlbG5g\ . n8fO ePkl5 z'k{0fvf n+sf k|:yfg u/]sf] kfOG5g\ . z'k{0fvf n+sf uP/
/fj0f;Fu ;Nnfx ub{l5g\ .
;'gsf]
d[u s'6Ldf k|j]z , ;Ltfåf/f To;nfO{ k|fKt ug{ /fdnfO{ lnP/ cfpg cu|x u/]kl5 /fd
To;sf kl5 nfU5g\ . dfofaL d[uxf] eg] yfxf kfPkl5 To;nfO{ dfg{ vf]Hbf d[un] dfof
/rL …nId0f Û arfp========Ú elg s/fpF5 . ;Ltf /fdsf] /Iffy{ nId0fnfO{ k7fpg
vf]Hbf nId0f dfofsf] e|ddf gkg{ cfu|x u5{g t/ ;Ltf dflGbgg\ . nId0f /fd vf]Hg
uPkl5 hf]uLsf] e]ifdf cfPsf] /fj0fåf/f ;Ltfsf] ckx/0f x'G5 . dGbf]b/Låf/f
/fj0fsf] la/f]w, Ps aif{;Dd ;LtfnfO{ czf]s afl6sfdf a:g lbgkg{] dfu ul/G5 . Ps
aif{kl5 ;Ltfn] dfg] dfq /fj0fn] ;LtfnfO{ ckgfpg kfpg] s'/f 9[btf;fy /flvg\ .
of] s'/f dfg /fj0f afWo x'G5g\ . afnL ;'u|Ljsf emu8f kl5 ;'u|Lj agdf x'gdfg;Fu
3'ld/x]sf x'G5g\ . o; cj:yfdf /fd nId0f;Fu pgLx?sf] e]6 x'G5 . /fd ;Ltf ge]6\bf
Aolyt x'G5g\ . ;Ltfsf] vf]hdf nId0fnfO{ ;fy lbP/ pgL vfhLdf nfUb5g\ . o;}
k|;+unfO{ o;/L atfOPsf] 5 .
cf3' cf3' /fd kf5' n5'dg efO{ rnL
e}n ;Lts} pb]z
px /] /fd xf] Û rnL e}n ;Ltfs} pn]z
.[65]
;Ltfsf]
vf]hdf hfFbf za/L;Fu e]6 x'G5 . za/Lsf] ao/ /fd vfG5g\ / /fdnfO{ o'4df laleGg
aGohfltsf dflg;n] ;3fPsf] k|;+u o;df cl3 ;fl/Psf] 5 .
lslisGwf
sf08df /fd nId0f ;Ltfsf] vf]hdf lg:s] ;/o' t6df k'u]sf] a0f{g kfOG5 . r]v]jf
r]v]jL;Fu ;f]Wbf pN6f k|Zg ;f]w]sf] kfOG5 . cGTodf /fd nId0f lzj km"Njf/
k'u]sf] kfOG5 . ToxfF ef]sn] ;tfOPsf] nId0fn] cDaf vfg vf]Hbf xg'dfg;Fu o'4
x'G5 . o'4df /fd klg k/flht eP/ a]xf]; x'G5g\ . xg'dfgåf/f sf}lzNofnfO{ va/
k9fPkl5 7Ls kf5{g . kl5 xg'dfg;F pgLx?sf] ldqtf x'G5 . lzjsf] cfu|xdf /fd nId0f
To; If]qdf kfx'gf eP/ ;Ltfsf] vf]h hfG5g\ / xg'dfg klg pgLx?sf] ;xof]uL aGg k'Ug]
s'/f a0f{g ul/Psf] 5 . lajflns If]q eg]/ oxfF bfª pkTosfnfO{ elgPsf] 5 .
o;/L …/fd laxu|fÚdf /fdfo0f;Fu
;DalGwt laifox? Psflt/ p7fg ul/Psf] kfOG5 eg] csf{]lt/ yf? nf]shghLjgsf kIf klg
o;} ;Fu hf]l8Psf] kfOG5 .
ljleGg
hflt, hghfltdf /fdsyfnfO{ cfcfkm\g} 9+un] k:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . /fdsyf k|:t't
ug{] s|ddf cfkm\gf] :yflgo l/ltlyt, rfnrng, ;+:sf/, cf:yfsf s'/fx? klg o;}df
;dfa]z ul/Psf] kfOG5 . yf? nf]shLjgsf kIfnfO{ ;d]6]/ /f]rs Pjd\ 1fgaf]ws ?kdf
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] nf]s /fdfo0fn] yf? ;dfhdf Oltxf;sf k|;+ux? sf] hfgsf/Lsf ;fy}
at{dfgdf o;sf] dxTjsf ;fy} 1fgsf s'/f k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] s'/f lglj{jfb ;To 5 .
$=@= !& k'/f0fdf
cfwfl/t yf¿ nf]sefujt k'/f0f
yf¿ ;d'bfodf ljleGg rf8kj{x¿df
wfld{s ufyfx¿, k'/f0fx¿ eGg] rng rNb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . yf¿x¿ s[i0f hGdfi6dLnfO{
ljz]if ¿kdf dgfpg] ub{5g\ . j|tx¿ a:g'sf] ;fy} s[i0f rl/qdf cfwfl/t ufyfx¿ ;d]t
;'Gg] ;'gfpg] u5{g\ . cliDsL nfO{ yf¿ ;dfhdf ljz]if dxTj lbOG5 .
cliDsL
zAbsf] pTklQ ci6dL + l6sf] nufpg' af6 ePsf] xf] . h;sf]
cy{ efb| dlxgfsf] cli6dL ltlydf sfGxf -s[i0f_ hGd]sf]n] pgnfO{ l6sf] nufpg'
x'G5 eg] ;Vof zAbsf] lgdf{0f ;lv+ cf zAbaf6 ePsf] xf] . h;nfO{ ;du|
¿kdf ljZn]if0f ubf{ uf]s'nsf uf]kfns dlxnfx¿sf] hdftdf afNosfnb]lv g} sfGxf olt
nf]slk|o lyP ls uf]lkgLx¿n] sfGxfsf] ;Dk"0f{ hLjgLnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;f+:s[lts
hLjgsf] j}ej agfP . [66]
s[i0fsf]
hLjgLsf] ¿k yf¿ nf]ssfJo ;lvof Pjd\ k}ofFdf ;d]t ;dflji6 x'G5 . ;Vof efb|
s[i0ffi6dL kZrft Ps dlxgf;Dd dgfOG5 . /fte/ dlxnfx¿ ufpFn]x¿n] ahfPsf] dfbnsf]
tfndf gfRg], ufpg] ub{5g\ . k}ofFdf dfbn] / uf]lkgLx¿sf ¿kdf /x]sf gt{sLx¿
cfkm\gf] k/Dk/fut k/Dk/fnfO{ hLjGt /fVg] k|of;df nflu/xG5g\ .
cli6DsLdf
klxn] ;[li6k'/f0f;DaGwL ufyf j0f{g x'G5 eg] To;kl5 s[i0fsf dftflktfsf] kl/rosf
;fy} s[i0f ;DaGwL k|;ª\ux¿ ;d]t cfPsf 5g\ .
yf¿
nf]ssfJodf s[i0fsf] hGdb]lv d/0f;Ddsf cg]sf}+ ufyfx¿ j0f{g ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
yf¿
nf]shLjgdf s[i0frl/qdf cfwfl/t k'/f0fsf] dxTj 7"nf] 5 . o;df Psflt/ s[i0f
rl/qsf] af/]df g[To, ufog x'G5 eg] csf]{lt/ ;fd'lxs ¿kdf rf8kj{df dgf]/~hg ug]{
/ ;fd'lxs efj k|bz{g ug]{ sfo{ ;d]t ul/G5 .
$=# lgZsif{
;f+:s[lts
lx;fan] ;DkGg yf¿ nf]suLtdf laleGg kIfx? ;d]l6Psf] kfOG5 . laz]iftf Pjd\ k|j[ltsf
b[li6n] yf¿ nf]suLtdf cg]s efj ljrf/ Pjd\ b[li6sf]0f kfOG5 .
yf¿
nf]suLtdf gf/L k'?if dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . g[To / ufog b'a}
sfo{df gf/Lx? klg ;ls|o e"ldsfdf /xG5g\ . kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs, ;DaGwsf
lx;fan] cfdfsf] ?kdf , kTgLsf ?kdf, ;fyLsf ?kdf ,k|]ldsfsf ?kdf, a'xf/L, efph',
5f]/K, alxgLsf ?kdf gf/LnfO{ k|:t't ul/Psf] kfOG5 . k'/f0fdf afl0f{t gf/L kfqx?
pRrauL{o kl/jf;Fu ;DaGw /fVb5g\ eg] at{dfg hLjghut ;Fu ;DalGwt gf/L kfqx?
;fdfGo 3/kl/jfsf ;+3if{lzn kfOG5g\ . yf¿ nf]suLt km'6s/ b]lv dxfsfAofTds :t/sf
;d]t kfOG5g\ .
afnaflnsf;Fu
nf]suLtx? afnaflnsfnfO{ e'nfpg /rgf ul/Psf kfOG5g\ . yf¿ nf]shLjgdf 7"nf
7"nf cfVofgfTds /rgf klg kfOG5g\ . yf¿ nf]s dxfef/t als{df/ o:t} Ps
cfVofgfTds /rgf xf] . o;df dxfef/tsf 36gfb]lv lnP/ yf¿ hfltsf Oltxf;sf s'/fx?
;d]t ;d]l6Psf] kfOG5 .
lzj;Fu
;DalGwt ufyf lzj km'njf/ xf] . o;df lzj kfa{tLsf k|;+usf ;fy} yf¿ nf]s hghLjgsf
cg]s kIf ;d]t a0f{g ul/Psf] kfOG5 . yf¿ nf]s uLtdf /fd;Fu ;DalGwt uLtx? ;d]t
kfOG5g\ . /fd ;DaGwL k'm6s/ /rgfb]lv lnP/ v08sfao :t/sf /rgf ;d]t k|rngdf
/x]sf] kfOG5 .
yf¿
nf]suLtdf s[i0fufyf klg jl0f{t 5 . s[i0fsf] dlxgf ufg ug{] / s[i0f hGd b]lv
pgsf hLjgsf 36gfx? k|d'vtfsf ;fy p7fOPsf] kfOG5 . si0fsf] cfbz{ rl/qsf laleGg
kIfsf] pb\3f6g oL uLtx?df kfOG5 .
dfgj
hLjgdf cfOkg{] ;+:sf/x?df ufOg] uLtx? yf¿ ;dfhsf k|rngdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . hGd,
57L, lajfx, uLtx? yf¿ ;dfhdf rNb} cfPsf] kfOG5 .
laleGg
Ct'x?df df};d cg';f/sf uLtx? ufOG5g\ . yf¿ ;dfhdf klg Ct' uLtx? k|rngdf 5g\ .
Ct' a0f{g b]lv lnP/ dfgj hLjgsf laleGg kIfx? o:tf uLtx?df a0f{g ul/G5g\ . o;/L yf¿
nf]s uLtdf k|s[ltsf cg]s kIfx?sf] a0f{g ;d]t ul/psf] kfOG5 . ko{6lso If]qx?sf]
;'Gb/tfsf] af/]df klg uLt lgdf{0f ul/Psf] kfOG5 .
dfgj
hLjgdf ul/g] >d / l;h{gfsf kIfx?df klg yf¿ nf]suLtdf cfPsf] kfOG5 . s[lif;Fu
;DalGwt >dnfO{ o;df dxTj lbOPsf] x'G5 . v]tLkftLsf ;do ufOg] laleGg uLtx? yf¿
;dfhdf k|rngdf 5g\ . v]tL gx'Fbf u/La eP/ b'Mv kfPsf sd}ofsf] cj:yf ;d]t
uLtx?df cfPsf] 5 .
yf¿ nf]suLtdf g/ gf/Lsf dfofk|]dsf
efj klg kof{Kt kfOG5g\ . kf}/fl0fs kfqx?sf k|]d k|;+usf ;fy} ;fdfGo dflg;sf
dfoflk|ltsf uLtx? nf]sufosx? k|:t't u/]sf] kfOG5 . yf¿ hfltdf rf8ka{df cg]s
uLtx? ufOG5 . oL uLtx?sf] cfkm\g} dxTj 5 . oL uLtx? ufOg] sfd ;a} k':tfsf
dflg;x?n] u/]sf] kfOG5 .
k/Dk/fb]lv
yf¿ ;dfhdf k|rlnt nf]s laZjf;Fu ;DalGwt uLtx?n] k|d'vtf kfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ .
u'af{afs hGdf}tL ;[li6;Fu ;DalGwt ufyf xf] . To:t} u/L yf¿ nf]s dxfef/t asL{df/
, lzjkm'njf/, /fd laxu|f Oltxf; / ;Eotf;Fu ;DalGwt ufyfx? x'g\ . o;sf] dxTj
7"nf] 5 .
yf¿
nf]suLtdf nf]slaZjf;;Fu ;DalGwt wf/0ff dfq x}g, ;d;fdlos r]tgfn] klg 7fpF
kfPsf] 5 . r]tgfd"ns fefj, k/Dk/fut wf/0fk|lt Ao+Uo, ;fdflhs c;dfgtf, gf/L
Aoyf, hfu/0f Pjd\ lab|f]x efjgf;Fu ;DalGwt uLtx? /x]sf kfOG5g\ .
;'b'/
klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]s uLtdf Oltxf;b]lv at{dfg;Fu ;DalGwt laifox? kfOG5g\ . ;d[4
Oltxf; Pjd\ ;:s[lt ePsf] yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf] lasf;df oL uLtx?n] dxTjk'0f{
e"ldsf v]Ng] laZjf; /fVg ;lsG5 .
kl/R5]b kfFr
pk;+xf/
%=! lgZsif{
;'b'/
klZrdf~rn lasf; If]qsf s}nfnL s+rgk'/ lhNnfdf yf¿x?sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] kfOG5 . yf¿
hflt ;f+:s[lts lx;fan] ;d[4 hflt xf] . nf]s;flxTo If]qdf yf ;dfh cToGt ;DkGg 5
. yf¿ nf]s ;flxTosf] k|d'v lawf nf]suLt xf] . ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf] yf¿ nf]suLtsf
af/]df xfn;Dd s'g} cg';Gwfg ePsf] 5}g . s}nfnL lhNnfdf kfOg] 8+uf}/f, /fgf,
s7l/of / s+rgk'/df kfOg] 8+uf}/f / /fgf yf¿x?sf] nf]suLtdf cfkm\g} nf]s
k/Dk/fsf laleGg kIfx? ;d]lPsf] kfOG5 . df}lns ;+:s[lt, rfnrng, nf]s laZjf;sf
kfIfx? ;do;Fu} x/fpg yfn]sf 5 . ldl>t ;dfhsf a;f]af;, ;x/Ls/0f, klZrdL
;+:sf/k|ltsf] cfsif{0f / cfw'lgstfsf] k|efjsf] rfkdf yf¿ nf]suLt klg k/]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf] k':tfdf /x]sf] nf]suLtx? lnlka4 ug{] / ;+/If0f ug{] sfo{ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g
. To;sf] laZn]if0f ug{] sfo{ klg ug'{ kg{] b\]lvG5 .
k|:t't
zf]wkq kfFr kl/R5]bdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . klxnf] kl/R5]bdf zf]w kl/ro /x]sf] 5 .
o;df zf]zLif{s, zf]w k|of]hg, laifo kl/ro, ;d:of syg, zf]wsfo{sf p2]Zox? ,
k"a{sfo{sf] ;dLIff, zf]wsf] cf}lrTo, zf]sf] l;df+sg, zf]wlalw /
zf]wlalwsf] ?k/]vfaf/] rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
bf]>f]
kl/R5]bdf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ;+sng k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . 8+uf}/f, /fgf / s7l/of yf¿x?sf
nf]suLtx? o; v08df k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . s}nfnL s+rgk'/ lhNnfsf] kl/rosf ;fy} yf¿
hfltsf] kl/ro ;d]t o; kl/R5]bdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
t];|f]
kl/R5]bdf ;'b'/ klZrdf~rn If]qsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] auL{s/0f u'g{sf ;fy} o; If]qdf
ePsf cWoog sfo{sf] ;"rgf ;d]t k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
rf}yf]
kl/R5]bdf ;'b'/ klZrdf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] laZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . laleGg
sf]0faf6 yf¿ nf]suLtsf] laZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . yf¿ nf]s ufyf b]lv lnP/ at{dfgdf
k|rlnt yf¿ nf]suLtsf laz]iftfx? sf] d'Nof+sg ul/Psf] 5 .
…;''b'/
klZrf~rnsf yf¿ nf]suLtsf] cWoogÚ zLif{ssf] o; cg';Gwfgaf6 lgZsif{x?nfO{ lgDg
cg';f/ k|:t't ug{ ;lsG5 .
s_ yf¿ nf]s;flxTosf] k|d'v ljwf
nf]suLtsf If]qdf ;''b'/ klZrdf~rn If]q wgL 5 .
v_ 8+uf}/f, /fgf, s7l/of yf¿x?sf]
hLjgz}nL / efiffdf leGgtf ePtf klg uLtx?df kfOg] ;Gb]z Pjd\ efjdf eg] ;dfgtf
kfOG5 .
u_ kf}/fl0fs ufyfb]lv lnP/ km'6s/
/rgfx? ;d]t kfOg] yf¿ nf]suLtsf] ;+/If0f cfjZos 5 . k'/fgf] k':tfdf /x]sf
uLtx?sf] ;+sng, juL{s/0f Pjd\ ljZn]if0f ;dod} gx'g] xf] eg] x/fpg] ;Defjgf a9L
/x]sf] 5 .
3_ ;+3;:yf Pjd\ ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 yf¿
nf]s ;+:s[ltsf lasf;sf lgldQ sfo{s|d Nofpg' cfjZos 5 .
%=@ ;Defljt zf]w zLif{sx?
s_ ;'b'/ klZrdf~rn If]qsf yf¿
nf]suLtsf] ;dfhzf:qLo cWoog
v_ /fgf yf¿ nf]suLtsf k|a[lt
u_ s7l/of yf¿ nf]suLtsf k|a[lt
3_ yf¿ kf}/fl0fs ufyfx?sf] cWoog
ª_ yf¿ nf]suLtsf hghLjg
kl/lzi6 Ps
yf¿ hfltsf nf]sufyf
tyf nf]ssfJo
lbg lbg si6 cj:yf xf]O, /x;/+u wf/n
tf]x wf]O .
tf]x lgv'/ kb ;fwn a'men dDd{
tf]xf/ .
st st sa /f]lo b'Mv aLbf s/x' xdf/
.
xds] k'x'dL hLt} of/f, dxxL rflxs]
clt al/of/f .
xd gfzxL xd ;To 58fjlx, xd df/lx xd
eLif dufjlx .
v]nt vft h] s/o d+bfO{ , xd;} HL
sjg rt'/fO{ .
xd tf} cF;l ;f]jfjlx xd b]vfjlx qf;
.
hf]u h'u'lt h] hfg] tfs/ lgZrn bfu
.
Plx ;+;f/ ;a} /; ;L7f, Ps zDe' o}
;a vg dL7f .
s] sf s/o Plx ;+;f/f, ckg ;'s[tl/
hfloo kf/f .
lk8 /xn] tf]xs] ;'v xf]O, tg' 5f]8]
en af]n g sf]O{ . P
lx lhEof /; nflu ls s/o dGb Aojxf/
.
kf5] cju'0ff xf]vO, ;f]emg a'em
jdf/ .
Uofg uf]i7 s} ;dg a'emjf, hf]u
;dflw dd{ da kfjf .
hKof] d+q 5n 5nf p8O OGb|k'/L ta
a}zn hfO{ .
b]jx' ;} bz{g ef] gfxf, s]o k|0ffd
dfn] lxo dfxf .
OGb|b]j k'lg e]6\of] s/ uxL c+s
dnfa .
ck j] ;] pk] jn} sLGx Cifo sfjfj .
cfh' lai0f' z+s/ hgL cfjf, cfh' /fh
d} lglZrt kfjf .
dfy] h6fh'6 ljs/f/f, sfgGx d'b|f
gog /tgf/f .
hf]u hf]uf}6L a}zf 5fnf, /ft a:q
s07] hkdfnf .
s'z k}tL jlozfvL xfyf, bx lbz jf/
ef h; vfjf -ufyf_ .
sfv sjf/ ;f]x j/ ;foL , b]lv pjf{;L
x+;d'x ufO{ .
j8 x'8g xz; k~h/ las6 la?lkt e]z .
OGxx' ;fw gfr s/ pltdf b]j g/]z .
kfoGx sfh/ 3f3/ dfy], s5gL u/ dfg
xl; xfy] .
hf3g, afw k'x'ks/ dfnf, pn6g kn6g
;fh ;df/f .
jfh d[bË zÎ w'lg tf/f, p7 k/t sLGx
o} ;f/f .
tf/ dfgxL r's} snf g a'em} kf/
OGb|;ef ;e ;ax;L Cifo k¥of} ckef/f
.
p7 l/;fP 5fnf rnf ;f/L, n]l; pa{zL
cfk xdf/L .
kz' ;dfg dlt hfg] df]/L, d[To' nf]s
hDdl; t} 3f]/L
lbk;lx 3f]/L /flt cj gf/L, st g
dl/x tf]lx b]lv lkuf/L .[67]
;|f]t M of]uL g/xl/ gfy
-Oltxf; k|sfz_
u'?afafls hGdf}lt -s]xL c+z_
xfF xfF /] kxnt aif 9'F9L s'xL/ .
cfa 8}of snh'u w]/n dL/tL ejg ..
xfF xfF /] bf];/t a/if sf]Onf s}
/]v .
cfj8}of======
xfF xfF /] ;f]gs} emns6fcfj cuLpg
s} /]v ..
h/L/ w/tL xf]On cFuf/ ..
xfF xfF /] rL/L r'/u'g dg'jf h/L/
xf]On/ cF3f/
xfF xfF / ?k la/vaf6 xf]O/ cfFuf/
hl/ hl/ w/tL xf]O/ cFuf/ ..
xfF xfF /] OGb/ /fgL OGb/ /fhf
ef}gf 3'df ..
rL/} e} 3'dnL dL?tL ejg rfl/sf]g
kL/ydL vv/ phf/ ..
xfF xfF / Ps 5t/ /fhf /fgL v]n xF;
s/L ..
df;'s wf]wf/ /sts} a'Fb ..
xfF xfF /] Ps dlxgfjf u'af{af gflx
;k'{g ..
b'O{ dflxgfjf s] rL/} hnd xf] .
xfF xfF / tLg dlxgfjf u'af{af gfxL
;k'{g ..
tLg dlxgfs} s's'/ la/fn xf]O hf ..
xfF xfF / rf/L dflxgf u'af{af gfxL
;k'{g ..
rfl/ dlxgjf s} efn' hnd xf] ..
xfF xfF / kfFr dlxgf u'af{af gxL
;k'{g ..
kfFr dlxgfs} e]/L hnd xf] .
xfF xf/f /] 5f} dlxgf u'af{af gflx
;k'{g ..
5f} dlxgf s] 5]u/L hnd ..
xfF xfF / ;ft dlxgf u'af{af gfxL
;k'{g ..
;ft dlxgf s} xgf{ hnd xf] .
xfF xfF cf7 s} af3 hnd xf] ..
xfF xfF gf} dlxgf u'af{af gfxL ;'kgf ..
gf} dlxgfs} ufO{ hnd xf] .
xfF xfF bz dlxgf u'af{af gfxL ;'k{g
..
bz dlxgfjf s} dfg'if hnd xf] .
xfF xfF Uof/f] dlxgf u'af{af gfxL
;k'{g ..
Uof/f] dlxgf s] uwf hnd xf] .
xfF xfF af/f] dlxgf u'af{af gxL
;k'{g af/f] dlxgf s} 3f]/L hnd xf] .
xfF xfF t]/f] dlxgf u'af{af gxL
;k'{g .
t]/f] dlxgjf s}/ pF6 hnd xf] .
xfF xfF rf}w] dlxgfjf s] afaf gfxL
;k'{g .
rf}wf] dlxgfjf s} xfyfL hnd xf] ..
xfF xfF / kGb|f] dlxgf u'? afaf
n]xn cf}tf/ .
s'x/s ag u'? afaf n]xn cf}tf/ .
xfF xfF /] b]x s} b]x nf]/ afaf
b]O{ gflx ;s]nf] ..
b]vs gfxL cfFv ;'gs gflx sfg ..
;fF; lnxs gfs gfxL vfOs d' gfxL ..
vfOs xfy gfxL g]+us gfxL kfp .
xfF xfF /] cflvs x+;f cfvL a}7f] hf
.
5lQ; tLy{/ x+;f tlx b]lvof ..
xfF xfF /] sfgs x+;f sfg a}7L hf ..
xfF xfF d'xs x+;f d'xs} x+;f d'x
a;Lhf ..
tLt dL7 x+;f txL larf/ ..
xfF xfF /] xfy s} x+;f xfy a;Lhf .
rLh ksjf/ x+;f xfy a;Lhf ..
rLh ksjf/ x+;f txLF /;n] ..
xfF xfF /] uf]/ s} x+;f uf]/ a;Lhf
..
5lQ;} 3+3/f Ujf/ txLnf ..
xfF xfF /] hj u'af{af xf]On ;+k{g
cDd/ df6L dbflug dfuL/ k7f ..
cDd/df6L –
xfF xfF /] prt s'c/Lof d8flug s}n/
xFsf/ ul]u6f e}uOn 7f/ .
xfF xfF /] sf}g xL sfh u'af{f s}nf]
xFsf/ .
xfF xfF / sfh gLlt/ shxL k/f]hg
cDd/ df6L / e}of j]u' nfgL 8] .
xfF xfF / k}7f/ u]u6f l;s/L ktfn .
af;'s cfu / u]u6f e}uOn 7f/ .
xfF xfF /] sf}g sfh u]u6f sf}g xL
k/f]h hpg cyjf / u]u6f sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF / dfO{ 6 d8flug cDd/ df6L
dfu .
hpg cy{jf af;'b]j sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF / s'5 g vfcf] / e}of d'/
a'emLn] .
dfO{ dblug cDd/ df6L 8] .
xfF xfF /] s'5' 6f] v}nf]/ u]u6f
d'/ af]emLn] .
cO{ 8; dO 8; u]u6f rfnLg e}n .
xfF xfF / ;f]/f] ;] rpFls sf]O{
gxLF 8]v .
sgjf b}tjf e}of a]u' 8]lvn] .
xfF xfF /] Pa j b'O{ wfjg nfv cfOn
df6L/ d}of a]u'/ 5LgL n] .
xfF xfF / pxfF ;] u]u6f/ rlngf eOn
.
dfO{ d8flug cfu e}u}n 7f/ .
xfF xfF / 8'/lx;] 8]vnL d8flug
u]u6f cfO6 .
8f/L tf] 8]x nL e8flug pFr l;wfd
kf6 .
xfF xfF /] o] kf6 j} u]u6f sxf]
s'zn af6 .
hf}g c/yjf/ u]u6f sxf] s'zn af6 .
hf}g c/yjf/ u]u6f sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF / k]6 e/ v}nf] d8flug pFr
l;3fd kf6 .
xfF xfF /] o] kf6 j} u]u6f sxf]
s'zn af6 .
hf}g c/yjf/ u]u6f sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF / k]6 e/ v}nf] d8flug d'/
af]lem n]p .
df/Lg lk6L cDd/ df6L n]xL 5Lg ..
xfxf/ plrtf] s'l/of d}8flug kf/ nfu
xfs .
cluxf s]r'jf e}of a]u' rnLcf .
xfF xf / pxf ;] s]r'jf rlng eOn .
dfO{ d8flug cfu e}u}n 7f/ .
xfF xfF /] sf}gxL sfh d8flug sf}g}
/ k/f]h .
hpg cyjf d8flug sxf] c/yfO{ .
xfF xfF /] sfh gLlt s]r'jf s}g'/
k/f]h .
cd/df6L e}of a]u' nfgL 8] .
xfF xfF /] k7n s]r'gf l;sf/L ktfn .
jf;'s cfu s]r'g e} uOn 7f/ .
xfF xfF /] saf] gfxL sfh s]r'gf cOn
df]/ kf; .
hpg c/7jf s]r'gf sxf] ;d'emf .
xfF xfF /] sfh gLlt af;'b]j cOg'
tf]/ ;fk .
cd/df6L d8flug dfuL/ k7f .
xfF xfF /] k]6 e/ v}af]/] s]r'gf
d'/ af]emLn] .
;f]/f];] rpsL/ rnfO{/ k/fO{
xfF xfF /] ;f]/f] ;] rpFsL d} 8]lv
cfOg' .
nf}l6s s]r'gf d8flug cfu} 7f/ .
xfF xfF /} 8'/xL ;] 8]vnL d8flug
s]r'gf gxL cfO6 .
cd/df6L / e}of a]u'/ 3'l/ 8] .
xfF xfF /] 8'/xL ;] 8]vnL s'l/of
d8flug k/n xfs b'lw s]r'gf e}of a]u'/ rlncf .
xfF xfF /] jxfF ;] s]r'gf rlngf
rlngf eo dfO{ d8flug cfu e} uOn 7f/ .
xfF xfF /] sf}gfxL sfh d8flug sf}g/
k/f]h .
hf}g / c/yjf d8flug sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF /] sfh gLlt s]r'jf s}g]/
xsf/ .
cd/df6L e}of nfug' df]xL 8] .
xfF xfF /] k}7n s]r'gf l;sf/L ktfn
.
cd/ df6L e}of e} uOn 7fx .
fxF xfF /] k]6 e/ v}n; s]r'gf d'/
af]lem n] .
n]6 k]6 s]r'gf rlngf eonf .
xfF xfF / ;f]/f] ;} rjsL sf]O gfxL
8]v .
sgjf 8}6'/jf e}of a]u' 8]lv n] xfxf/ h}7g df/g nfu h}7g
6'6 .
dflo d8flug cfu e} u}n 7f/ .
xfF xfF / ;f]gs] s6f}/fd d8flug
8]xn cfu 9} .
l;sjfs 8f]e cd df6L wf] .
xfF xfF / ;'gsL 8l/ofjf d8flug cd/
df6L wf]
l;sfjf]s d8flug ufjf]g 8] .
xfF xfF /] hjtf] w/tL u]n ul/of .
5lQ; sf]6 l8pF6f n]n cf}tf/ .
xfF xfF / klxn tf] l;/hn ;'/sL d}/L
hjtf] l;/LhL u}n jl/ s'zbf/ .
xfF xfF / hjtf] l;l/hf] u}n cGg
k'?if 5lQ; sf]6 b]ptf n]xn km'ns af; ..
xfF xfF / hjtf] ;]d/f n]xn cf}tf/
..
dfO{ d8flug 8f/f} anfo] .
xfF xfF / sf}g dfh d8flug s}nf] /
xsf/ hpg c/yjf d8flug sxf] ;d'emf .
xfF xfF / d'n's k|u+gf ;]d/f b]lv
b]lvcf .
b]lv s} ;]d/f/ sxf] ;d'emfO{ .
xfF xfF / o]s sf]; u}n ;]dtf/ sf];
b'O rf/ .
xfF xfF / b]xL tf]/ l5l5nL l5 lk+8/
agf .
df}lg b}of d8flug b]xn p7f .
xfF xfF / 6]x w/d lwcfl/of /f]af]gf
nfu .
dfO{ d8flug n]xnL lxb{ nufO{ .
xfF xfF / sf]5 ;'u'{jf{af n]xn hj
5f]/ .
df/L ldlh u'af{af lk+8/ agf .
xfF xfF / lk+8 agfO{ u'af{af b]xn
6f]kfO{ .
w/d wxl/of p7nL xxf/fO{ .
xfF xfF / hj u'af{af tf] kfjn]bf/ .
5lt; sfn u'af{af s6a' 6'xf/ .
xfF xfF / hfO{ b'O{ alt lar e}u}nL
7f/ .
d}lgs sf6 u'af{af u}n 7lx|ofO{ .
xfF xfF / dflgsf6 6} cfulg cxf/ .
w/d lwcfl/ s} gfp/ atfp .
xfF xfF / hfOkm] w/d lwcl/ u}ln 7f?
df]lx tf]s u}n cugL cxf/ .
xfF xfF / ckgtf] ;/lt a/lt d} rln
hfp .
w/d lwcfl/tf] gfl3 en hfO{ .
xfF xfF / hj u'af{af rlngf eo .
hfO{ hd' sft u'af{af eO u}n 7f/ .
xfF xfF / sf]x'sn ?j k}7 d'xjf] lgs
hfOs w/d lw/l kx'r hfO{ .
xfF xfF slx b]jf] e}of u'? afaf s] px k}/ hfO6 .
df]lx6f] slx u}n cugL cxf/.
xfF xfF / sf]xn sn ?jf/ k}7 d'xcf]/
lgs/ .
e]l66f] 8f/n lwofl/ jl/ u'af{af .
xfF xfF / pxf] v]n gfxL lrQ a'emjn
df]/ .
cugL lr/L u'af{af b]xn kmsfO{ .
xfF xfF / ;/tL j/tL lwof/L lnxn
p7fO{ .
emf/L em'/L klx/n lwof/L e]8nL
cw/fg ..
xfF xfF / ha u'af{af / 3/ 3'ldcf ..
v]ntL x;lt lwof/L cfu cfu cf .
xfF xfF / 8'/lx;] b]vln d8flu{ w/d
lwof/L cfO6 .
bfl/tf] b]xln d8flug plr l;+3f;g
kf6 .
xfF xfF / pxfF;] u'af{af lwof/L
sxf] s'zn aft .
s'zlns nul/of lwof/L sx' c/yfoL .
xfF xf / pxfF;] u'?jfaf 3/ cfO{ k'u
.
a}7L 6f] u} u'af{af cf;g df/ .
xfF xfF / k]ns v]ng} lwof/L v]n
gfxL+ hfg' 5lQ; km"nf lwof/L df]/ kfp/L k'hf .
xfF xfF / cfn x/ lwof/L rn}
km"njf/ .
sf}g rLh d} n} km'njf/ .
xfF xfF / cf/ cf3f] /y g x]vf
3f]lof knfg .
h]lx rl/h}a'F lwof/L af/Lkm'njf/ .
xfF xfF / ;f]gsL cfuf/L/ ;f]gsL
k5f/L .
?ksL nf]s l;of lwof/L n]xs sfv rfFk
.
xfF xfF / 56sLs w/d lwof/L e}ln
c;jf/ .
v]nlt x;lt lwof/L df]/} rn}
km"nfj/ .
5'5l/ w}lnof alxgL cfu 7xl/of
nf]l6s w/d lwof/L 3/ 3'ldcf .
xfF xfF / lhgL alxgL x//}/ lhlg lrt
w/}/ lwofg .
xfF xfF / 56sLs w/d lwof/Lof e}ln cf;jf]/ .
v]ntL x;tL lwoff] rn} km"njf/
.
xfF xfF / os jg gf3n lwof/L jg b'O{
rf .
shl/s agjf lwof/L e} u}ln 7f/ .
xfF xfF / b]lv tf] 8f/n lwof/L
sf]xf]/f s} km"n .
km"nf b]lv lwof/L tf] afFw
lwof/L a]n}/ aa'/ .
sf/Lsdfl/of lwof/L 8f/}/ la5fO{ ..
xfF xfF / xfyjfgf lnxn lwof/L
df]gsL nf]s;L ..
km'njf st g lwof/L /p/ nhfO{ .
b]vn km"njf/ eml/ s'ldnf ..
xfF xfF / e'ln u}g' r'ls u}g' ;|/gf
tf]xf/ .
s'5 df]lx alxgL b]j/L ;/fk ..[68]
/fd–nId0f -s]xL c+z_+
c/] bz/y /fhs ltgx'F /lgof,
ltg'xF /lgos psf]g} kqf .
Ps56 /fhs ltgx' /lgof,
ltgx' /lgofs Psf]g} k'qf ..
cGg j wg bz/y /fhf t} a/L ;'vL ,
Ps k'x'qf lagf t} a/L b'vL ..
n]j n]j bz/y /fhf ;]jfs} kf;
Pl/ofn] g]+un bz/y /fhf, k/uL e'Oof
bf/n
7fj 7fj bz/y /fhf ;]jf s} kf; ..
sf}g sxfh lglt P]nf] bz/y /fhf sf}g
k/f]h] P]nf] df]/ kf;,
b'vs aft sxf] ;d'emfO{ ..
Ps 56 /fhs Ps k'x'qf lagf d} a/L
b'vL,
s}soL, ;'ldqf /fgL sf}zNof
/fgL ;'ldqs Psf]g} ktf ..
oxfF gxL k}af] / bz/y /fhf n/ss
kmn.
hfjxf] bz/y /fhf eujfgs} kf; ..
cGg j wg Ps k'x'qf lagf d} a/L b'vL
.
s}s]O, ;'ldqf /fgL sf}zNof Pssf]
gxL k'q ..
n]j n]j bz/y /fhf s/xLs dbLof,
hfj xf] bz/y /fhf eujfgs} kf; ..
g]+un bz/y /fhf k/ufg df/n ..
Pu;'/ g]+un bz/y /fhf k/uL e'Oof
bf/n,
k'uLu}n bz/y /fhf eujfg s} kf; ..
sf}g sxfh lglt P}nf] bz/y /fhf sf}g
k/f]h P]nf] df]/ kf;,
b'vs aft sxf] ;d'emfO{ ..
Pu;'/ g]+un bz/y /fhf k/tL e'Oof
bf/n,
k'uL u}n bz/y /fhf s'Dxf/ s} kf; ..
pQ/s sf]gjf/Laf6 bz/y /fhf cd?t s}
kmn,
jx cd?t kmn bz/ky /fhf t'/Lg nfgf]
..
ltgx' /lgof/L axf6L r'6L v}n,
/fgL s}sOsd /fd nId0f u/e v}n,
/fgL s}sOsd /fd nId0f u/e /xLu}n ..
Ps dlxgfs} gfxL/] ;/k'g,
bf]O{ dlxgjf gfxL/] :yL/ ..
ltg dlxgf s} gfxL/] ;/k'g,
rf/ dlxgfjf gfxL/] ;/k'g
5f} dlxgfjf gfxL/] :yL/ ..
;ft dlxgfjfs} 5fqLg hnd,
cf7 dlxgfs} bf]ifL g hnd,
gf} dlxgfs] x'OnL ;k'g,
bz dlxgfs] n/sf h/d ..
lbg lbg n/sf x'ON /] ;ofg,
lbg blg n/sf axf/g nfu..
lbg lbg n/sf x'On /] ;ofg .
lbg lbg n/sf s/n uf]dxGof ..
lbg lbg n/sf s/n uf]dxGof
lbg lbg n/sf x'On/] ;ofg ..
lbg lbg an'vf dr'jf ks/n
lbg lbg an'vf yfd y'd s/n ..
lbg lbg an'vf k/ufg df/n,
lbg lbg anvf uf]nL b08f v]nxL ..
l;/L/L hgsk'/ /fh, ;f}dg wg'iff gf}
dg sf/L,
h]t p7fO{ ;Ltf x/L n}hfO{ laofO{ ..
rf]nf] hfO{ /fd bfbf l;/L/L hgsk'/
/fh,
;f}dg wg'iff gf} dg sf/L p7fO{
;Ltfxl/ n}hfO{ laofO{ ..
a/L a/L /fhf P]n, a/L a/L eujfg
P}n,
ta x}g] ;]sn ;f}dg wg'iff gf}dg
sf/L p7fo .
t'xf/ sf;]saf]n/ss kmn ..
/fd j n5dg ox b'g' efO,
;f}dg wg'iff ox n]j p7fO{ ..
t'x'ht] f]O{ tf]/ a/L uejfg,
t'/ t x'Otf]/fd n5dg ..
t't h] x'O tf]/ a/L eujfg,
t'/t h] x'Otf] a/L k/d]Zj/ ..
hfjt'x' /fd bfbf ;f}dg wg'iff,
nf]dg sf/L b]j/ p7fO{ ..
;f}dg wg'iff / nf}dg sf/L,
/fd bfbf n]xn p7fO{ ..
;f]dg wg'if b]xn p7fO{,
nf}dg sf/L b]xn xf] 5f] ..
t'/t h] x'Otf] a/L eujfg ..
/fd j n5Ldg ox b'g efO,
l;tf / hgsL jfj/ lacfO{ ..
lrqfno sf]6L dxfos ;'Gb/,
;'Gb/ nu}n ox km"njf/L ..
;f]gs} d[uf labf; km"njfL,
df? d[uf arfpm km"nfjf/L ..
prxL;] tfsn d[uf vfn xf]OhfO{,
vfnxL;] tfsn d[uf pr xf]OhfO{,
prxL;] gfsn d[uf vfn xf]OhfO{ ..
P]l;g d[uf labfz km'njf/L,
;f]gs} d[uf r'Gbn km"njf/L,
3'//f t/sL ef}hL le5Lof hLg b]xf],
P]xL /fj0f n}hxL p/fO{ ..
:jfgs d[uf
labf;========km"njf/L ..
prxL=========vfn xf]OhfO{ .
3gLt xf] d[uf 5fks, 3gLt d[uf /xn
56st,
gfxL t d[uf /] /fj0f xf}Ot /fj0f h]
P}L / hf]uL ;dfg ..
cfON /fj0f hf]uL ;dfg, a]gjf s'bL
kmfbn,
w/n /fj0f e]z hf]uL ;dfg ..
P]n t /fj0f hf]uL g} nxn ..
;Ltf x/L n}u] kjg /y p/fO{ ,
n+sf / 5f]/L kn+sf x/L n}u] ..
r'nLg cfuL uu/g} kfgL , afwn t'?+g
3f]/g 3f;,
nfgf] e}of ns/L km'ssf] ch/f/,
sxfu}n hgsL s'jf/L ..
hgsL hgsL uf]x/}g' /fd bfz sx'g}
b]vg' hgsL s'jf/L,
hfj e}of n5dg km"njf w'dL cfj
;Ltfs} b]xn, xf]Ot jx km"njf/L
..
hgsL====s'jf/L ..
hfj e}of n5eg s'Oof/ 3'dL cfj,
sxfu}nL hgsL s'jf/L ..
s'Oof 3'dL 3'dL uf]x/}g' hgsL s'jf/L,
tj x'g b]vg' hgsL s'jf/L
hfj e}of n5d'g ulGbn 3'ldcfj,
sxfFu}nL hgsL s'jf/L ..
gjsL hgsL uf]x/}g' /fd jfbf, sxf]g
b]vg' hgsL s'jf/L,
hfj e}of n5'dg e]/L r?Oxg k'5,
b]vnf] sL gfxLF ;Ltfs} ?j?k ..
xd|g} hGtL ;Ltf j dLtf, xd| t af6L
v]nxLs lrGtf,
Pu;' af6 u}of r?Oof ..
hfa e}of n5'dg 5f]u/L r?Oog k'5,
b]vn sL gfxL ;Ltf s} :j?k ..
tf]xLd} k'5'/] e}of 5]u/L r?Oof,
b]vnf] sL gfxL l;tf s} bz ..
P/ / e}of u}of r?Oof,
oxf kGy' b]vnf] ls gfxL l;tfs} :j?k
..
xd| g}b]vAnL l;tfs} :j?k, xd| t
af6L uf]nL b08f Vofnt,
Pu;'/ af6 xfly r?Oof ..
hfa e}of n5'dg, kl5 ha cfa,
b]vn sL gfxL ;Ltf ls ;?k ..
P/ / e}of xfly r?Oof,
b]vnf] sL gfxL ;Ltf l;tfs} ;?k ..
xd|g} b]VnL ;Ltfs} ;?k,
xd|t x'OtL xfyL r?Oof ..
cfu' n5'dg, kf5' /fd,
b'gx' efO rnn agaf; ..
tL ag gfª3n, rf/ jg rfkn[69]
;|f]t M a]emnfn rf}w/L
;f}l8of/
yf¿ hfltsf nf]ssfAo
;Vof
sxfFdg af6 xf] hf;" n'xsL
s'//Lof
;vL / sxfFdg af6 nf}xs} a;nf
Ox n]xf] O;? n'xs} s'//Lof,
;vL / Oxn]xf] Oz? n'xs} a;nf
xfF7xL 6 n]cf] Oz? nf]xs} a;'lnof
;vL / sFl9of 9/}xf] Oz? nf]xs}
a';lnof
;vL / xfF7xLF 6 n]cf] Oz? n'xs}
a;nf
ca 6 cfOn Oz? v]tLkftLs l8g
;vL / rnL e}n Oz? x/jf pxf/ .
Ox n]cf] Oz? cfkg eft e6f}/f
;vL / rnL hfcf] Oz/ x/jf pxf/
le6/;] lgs/n Oz? dGem\of/L e}n 7f
;vL / dGem\of/L;] lgs/n Oz? ax/L
e}n 7f/
;vL / dGem\of/L;] lgs/n Oz? ax/L
e}n 7f/
ax/L;] lgs/n Oz? PFu'gf e}n 7f/
;vL / Pu'gf;] lgs/n Oz? ulnof e}n
7f/
cfcf] hfO{ ufjFlnof e}of]======
;vL / d}6 u}g' x/jf pxf/
;ft' efO cfxfu' / ;ft' efO kfxf5' /
;vL / d}6 rnL h}a' hf;' x/jf pxf/
;f6'efO cfxfu' / ;ft' efO kfxf5' /
;vL / dfem' 7fpF Oz? k/ufg 8f/n /
;vL / k'uL 6 u}n Oz? s}nfsL nl0of
df e}n /] 7f/
klxn 6 9/n Oz? nxsL s'/xf/
;ax'F a/gjf h] Oz? s'Nnf/L s/Ln]
vn/dn Oz? xf7d'v 9f]On /
;vL / 8'9c; kfgL Oz? s'Nnf/L s/Ln]
v/dn Oz? xf7d'v 9f]On /
;vL / 6Lgx'F vfOn Oz? k]6jf e/f
vfOlkO ;]sn Oz? xfF7d'v kf]5n /
;vL / b'9c; kfkgL Oz? s'nnf /L s/L
n]
;f]gsL lv/rLof h] Oz? 8fF6 lv/rfOn
/
;vL / kfg ;'kf/L Oz 8fF6 rfFkLn]
klxnf 6 lnxn Oz? n'xsL s'/x/Lof /
;vL / 8f];/ 6 lnxn Oz? n'xsL a;nf
ofcf] hfO{ ufFsL ufjFnLof e}of x/jf
pxf/ /
;vL / d}6 h}a' ufjFsL ufjFnLof e}of
xf]
;vL / s}nL n8Lof nf}sf 6/ xf]
;vL / rnL h}aL xd/ e]of x/jf pxf/
ofu' ;'? g]un Oz? s}nflu/L ka{t
e}uOn 7f/
p6/L lr6fOn Oz? 8lvg lr6fOn
;vL dfem'7fpF 8\ofvn Oz? kfF9gs]
?v]
6/ 5fOF df/n Oz? pk/ ;f]emL x]/n /
;vL / ?vjf 6 9nn h] agjf 6 k/n c//f
jf/ kf5 5fF6n Oz? dfem UofF/f lxn /
;vL / lgslgs x/jfh] Oz? 6fxfF 5 /
p6/L lr6fOn Oz? 8lvg lr6fOn /
;vL / dfem' 7fpF 8\ofvn Oz? ;Fvjf
s] ?v
lgslgs UofF/f h] Oz? x/jf 6fF5n /
;vL / P];f x/jf 6fF5n Oz? df5L /L
la5'nf
lgslgs UofFF/f h] Oz? xl/; 6 6fF5n
/
;vL / P];f , xl/; 6fF5n Oz? df5L /L
la5'nf .
lgslgs UofF/f h] Oz? h'jf 6 6fF5n /
;vL / P];f h'jf 6fF5n Oz? df5L /
la5'nf
p6 lr6fOn Ox? 8lvg lr6fOn /
;vL / dfemL 7fpF 8\fofvn Oz? a'/fOn
ags;L /
x/jf g h'jf h] Oz? sf6n sf6L ha
:ofsn /
;vL / 8'a9L sf7s Oz? ;}n u6f
8'9L sf7s Oz? ;}n u6f/ /
;vl / ef]08f afF;sf6L Oz 6/f}rL
u6f/
pQ/ lr6fOn Oz? 8lvg lr6fOn /
;vL / dfem' 7fpF 8\ofvn Oz? lgslgs
nx/f
lgslgs n/f Oz? sf6n sf6L ha :ofsn /
;vL / lgslgs nx/f Oz? 8/n 5'6f .
n6/k6/ h] Oz? e/jf g afF9n /
;vL / ca 6 h] Oz? ;ax'F a/gjf e/jf
d 9/n /
cfkg e/jf h] Oz? sfFl9of w/n /
;vL / rnL e}n Oz? 3/xL b'jf/
sfFlwof 6 9f/n Oz? cfkgf e/jf
;vL / xf7jf 6 lnxn Oz? cfkg k}gf
cfcf] hfO{ ujFsL / e}of] 3/xL 8'jf/
;vL / d} 6 rnL h}a'F 3/xL 8'jf/
;ft'efO cf3' / ;f6'efO kf5'
;vL / dfem' 7fpF Oz? 8ns6L /]
cfu' ;'? g]+n Oz? k/ufg /] df/
cfu' ;'? g]+u Oz? k/ufg 8f/n /
;vL / k'uL 6 u}n Oz? s}nfsL nl8of
e}u}nf 7f/
sfFwLofsL e/jf Oz? e'Oof w/L b]xn /
;vL / ca 6 h] Oz n] xf] la;f
ca 6 h] Oz? la;fOn la;f ha :ofsn /
;vL / d'l7ofs] lhpgf Oz? n] xf]
/lhof
uf/L gfxLF l8xg' xf] Oz? l8xg'
cfl;s /
;vL / lhhf]uL h}af] Oz? nfv a/Lv
cfkg e/jf Oz? sFl9of w]/} xf] /
vL / sonL n8Lof Oz? nf}s6L cfcf]
cfu';'? g]un Oz? k/ufg 8f/n
;vL / rnL e}n Ox? 3/xL b'jf/
9/xL;] 8]vn hf;" Ox? g cfO6 /
;vL / k'uL 6 u}n Oz? ckgL 3/xL
b'jf/
sxfFdg 9? hf;" x/jf g h'jf
;vL / sxfFdg 9f?F hf;" XofFuf
/ xl/;
sxfFdg 9? hf;" nf]xsL s'//Lof
nf]xs} a;nf /
;vL / 3f/Ls} sf]gjf 9/xf] x/jf j
h'jf
;vL / pO/ lk7fO{ 9/}xf] x/jf j h'jf
;vL / pO/L lk7fO{ 9/}f] Oz? XofFuf
xl/;
5Fl3of 9/}xf] Oz? ckgL k}gf
;vL / Ox n]xf] Oz? ;';sL la;f
Ox n]xf] Oz? ;f]gs} emf/L ?kg nfu}
6f]+6L
;vL / d'l7of s lhpgf Oz? n]cf] lhof
ca 6 h] cfON Oz? v]tLktLs lbg
;vL / rnL e}n Oz? nf]x/f b'jf/
Ox n]cf] Oz? cfkg kmf/, cfkg km/jf
;vL / h} xf] xf] Oz? nf]xf/s b'jf/
cfu';'z/ g]un Oz? k/ufg 8f/n /
;vL / nL e}n Ox? nf]x/f b'jf/
8"/xL ;] 8]vn Oz?g cfO6 /
;vL / a}7s l8xn nf]x/f s'zf;lgs kf5
.
l;x/n Oz? ;';sL la;fOn /
;vL / 8'c xfF7 hf]/n nf]x/f d7xL
g]jf/n
sf}g sfh, sf}g k/f]h P]nf] xd/L
8'jf/
;vL / ca6 cfOn nf]x/f v]tLkf6Ls lbg
k/xjf lk6fP cOg' t'xf/ 3/
cqf arg h] nf]x/f ;'gn ;'gL ha kfOn
/
;vL / ca 6 h] nf]x/f 8f]sfg nuf .
Psxf]F/ nf]x/f km/jf /L lk6fOn
Ox n]xf] Oz? cfkg km/jf pn6L kfn6L
x]/L n]cf]
;vL / km/jf 6 Xof/n Oz? x]/L ha
:ofsn /
;vL / Ox /L km/jf nf]x/f dglrt gxLF
lnxn /
Psf]F nf]x/f ef6L g wf}sn /
;vL / Psxf]+/ nf]x/f kmf/ /L lk6fOn
/
Ox n]xf] Oz? cfkg kmf/ pn6L kfn6L
;vL / kmf/ 6 Xof/n Oz? x]/ ha :ofsn
/
;vL / Ox /L km/ nf]x/f dglrt gxL
lnxn /
Psxf]F/ nf]x/f ef6L g wf}Fsn /
;vL / Psxf]/ nf]x/f cFl;of lk6fOn
Ox n]xf] Oz? cfkg xFl;of pn6L kfn6L
x]/L n]cf]
;vL / xFl;of 6 Xof/n Oz? c]/L ca
:ofsn /
;vL / Ox /L cFl;of nf]x/f dglrt gxL
lnxn /
Psfxf]/ nf]x/f xFl;of lk6fOn
Ox n] xf] Oz? cfkg xFl;of dglrt
lnxn
;vcL / ;x' a/gjf lk6n nf][x/f lk6L
ha :ofsn /
;vL / ;ax' a/gfjfn] s] 3/xL rnL cOn
cfu';'? g]un Ox rnL e}n 3/xL b'jf/
8'/xLF;] 8\ofvn hf;" Oz? g
cfO6 /
;vL
a}7s l8xn hf;" rgg lk?sf
sxfdg 9?F hf;" nf}xs} kmf/,
nf}ss} km/jf
;vL / 5Fl9of 9/}xf] nf]xs} kmf/,
sf]/gf 9/} xf] nf}xs} km/jf
ca 6 h] cfON Oz? v]tLkftLs lbg
;vL / rnL e}n Ox? xjf g Hjft
klxn t 5f]/n Oz? a;fxf a/wf
sFlwof w/fOn Oz? x/jf j h'jf
;vL / xfFyd n]n Oz? gfwf, k}g, kmf/
cfu';'? g]un Oz? l;ksL ;]8'¥of a/wf
;vL / 8f];/ 6 g]un a;fxf a/wf
cfu';'? g]un Oz? kOufg 8f/ /
;vL / k'uL t u}n Oz? pOx? v]tjf vlnof
sxfF dg w/}a' hf;" x/jf g h'jf
;vL / sxfFdg w/}a' hf;" gfwf,
k}gf, kmf/
vlnof 9/}xf] Oz? x/jf j h'jf
;vL / 8'dgf 9/}xf] Oz? gfwf k}gf ,
kmf/
k}n 6 9/n Oz? gfwf, k}gf, kmf/
;vL / 8f];/ 6 dRofOn Oz? a;fxf a/wf
k'?j klZrpF h] Oz? ;]pkmn hf]tn /
;vL lp6/ blvg Oz? kfgL l9u'nf
pt/ blvg Oz? kfgL l9Fu'nfOn /
;vL / k'?j kl:rpF h] Oz? emflnd
So"gs wgjf
8'dgf a'jfOaf] Oz? p/bL dlupFgs 8fn
;vL / d]/jf a'jfOaf] Oz? n/}rs ;fu
sxfdg af6 xf] ;f;" k6;'6 a]//f
sxfFdg af6 ;f;" /fO{ vl/of /
;vL / sxfFdg af6 ;f;" ;f]gsL
s6f}/f /
xfF7xL / lnxn hf;" /+uLr+uL
3}nf /
;vL / d'/Lof w/fOn hf;" k6k'6
a]+//f
sxfFdg af6 xf] ;f;" wf}/L
lk5f}/L n'uf
;vL / dOt h}a' ;f;" l6n/ª 36jf
Ox n]xf] hf;' h] cfkg wf}/L lk5f}/L
/
;vL / cfkg wf}/L lk5f}/L sfv/L
rfFkL n]
d'/of 9/fOn hf;" /+uLr+uL 3}nf
/
;vL / rnL e}n hf;" pxL l6n/+u
36jf
ax/L;] lgsn/ hf;" c+ugf e}n
7f/ /
;vL / rnL e}n hf;" pxL /L
l6n/+u 36gf
;fxf6' alxgL cfu' ;fxf6' alxgL
kfxf65 /
;vL / dfem" 7fpF hf;"
8ns6L u}n
cfu';'? g]un hf;" k/ufg 8f/n /
;vL / k'uLu}n hf;' l6n/+u 36jf d
eOu}n 7f/
d'/Lof s 3Onf/L hf;" afn'/] 6
9/fO;
;vL / 3Onf/L hf;" pxL afn'/] 6
9/fO;
;vL / k6;'6 a+]//f hf;" dlpnf
9/f
lgslgs n'uf /L hf;" pxL l9sjf
/ 9/f
;vL / tax'F u/gaf/L hf;" 9/L
;]sn
sf}gf o; dg'if /L la/rLsf ?vjf r/L
;vL / la/x'n al;of ah}7f]
gf x'F d} agsxL e't gf x'F d} agsxL
8't
;vL / Ps6 k'qf lagf b'lvof /f]Og'/L
dfem'8fg
sf 6} sfgl;/L dfo/ vl/of lehfP
a}n}7\of
;vL / xfd/L dfUof}gf g} s'5' /] xf
x/ gf 6 / xfF7sL d'8/Lof
;vL / rnL cfcf] v/Lof lelhfP
sf 6} sfgl;/L dfo/ v/Lof lehfP
an}7\of
;vL / xfd/L dUof}gf g} s'5' /] xfF
x/gf 6 x/a'Fbf] b'O7f] hf]jg
;vL / rnL cfcf] v/Lof lehfP
gf x'F d} agsxL e't gf x'F d}
8"t /
;vL / Ps 6 k'qf lagf blvof /f]Og'/L
dfem' 8fg
x/gf 6 x/a'F xfk] cFlwof / hFl3of
;vL / rnL cfcf] v/Lof / lehfP
c6/f arg ha ;'gL ha kfOn /
;vL / xF;6L d';6L v/Lof lehfP
Psxf]/ v/Lof lehfPn /
;vL / Psxf]/ 8'O7f] / snz 5'x gxL /
of
Psxf]/ ;f]gsL s6f}/f d v/Lof lehfOn
/
;vL / Psf]/ cFlwof / hFl3of 5xgxL+
/ of
Psn¶f ufF7/L hf;" 5f]/n 5f]/
gxLF :ofsn /
;vL / kl/u}n hf;" b'On¶f /]
ufF7
8'cn¶ ufF7/L hf;" 5f}On 5f]/
gxL :ofsn /
;vL / kl/u}n hf;" tLgn7\7f /]
ufF7
bz n7\7f /L hf;' 5f]/n 5f]/L 5f]/L
e'd sf/n /
;vL / bzn7\7f ufF7 hf;"
5f]/n/L e'dsf
Psxf]/ / hf;" d'/Lof nxfOn /
;vL / Psxf]/ dx/f cf] dxf/fgL v]nn
wdf/
nfxfvf]/ kf/n hf;" ;}sL ha
8f/n /
;vL / cfkg wf}/Llk5f}/L hf;:"
n[]xn nuf
vn/ dn/L hf;" /+uLr+u 3}nf
vNsfOn /
;vL / ;f]gsxL s6f}/fn] kgLof e/f
d'/Lof 9/}xf] /L hf;" k6k'6 a]+//f /
;vL / h]s/ pk/ /+uLr+uL 3}nf xfF7xL
6 lnxn /
;vL / ksL 6 k}7n hf;" cfkg
3/xL
sxfFdg 9/a' xf][ ;f;" /+uLr+uL
3}nf /
;vL / ;F3/f 9/}xf] hf;" k6;'6
a]//f
sf 6} ax'cf h] a8gf ah}7\of axfgf
5k}7of/L
;vL / 6xL 6 h] x'OAof axxf PunL
l5gf
gf x'F d} agsxL e'tgf x'F d} agsxL
8"6
;vL / Ps kqflagf /f]Og' /L dfem'8fg
pxfF 6 h] ;f;" xf] /}gL d5/Lof
kfgL l9u'nfOn /
;vL / 6L 6 h] x'OAof ax'sf PunL
l5gf
pxfF 6 h] ;f;" cpF/fs kf6 6'/L
kfgL e/}g' /
;vL / px6 sf/g' ;f;" /xg'
o6La]/
sxfFdg af6 xf] ;f;" a/sf
s;f}8f /
sf]l7of d af6 hf;" a8sf s;f}8f
/
;vL / lhxL d a;}xf] hf;"
emflnd Sogs eftjfs c8gf 8f];f
sf]7Lof;] lemsn hf;" s;f}8f /
;vL / lhxL 8f];} xf] hf;" p/bL
dlupgs bnLof c9gf
sf]l7of;] lemsn hf;" /Gnf
s;f}8f /
;vL / lhxL d 8f];} xf] hf;"
3/nf]s k/f}gs df;
sf]l7of;] lemsn hf;" vGnf
s;f}8f /
;vL / lhxL d l/em}xf] hf;"
n/}rs ;fu
sxfFdg af6 xf] ;f;" ;f}jg
8]njf
;vL / sxfFdg af6 / ;f;" ;f]gsL
3f]/Lof
5gLof d af6 / hf;" ;f}jg 8]njf
;vL / ;Fw/L d af6 /L hf;"
;f]gsL 3f]/}of
;f]gsL 3f]/}ofn] ;f}jg 8]njf
lemsfO{n /
;vL / ;f]gd'7 a/gLn] ;f}jg 8]njf
em/f
xfF7gL 6 n]xn hf;" ;f}jg 8]njf
/
;vL / rlne}n hf;" ;ujf 6'/
p6/s ;fu /L hf;" p6/ kmFsfOn /
;vL / 8lvg s ;fu 8lvg aufOn .
;vL / k'/jsL ;fu k'/ja aufOn
;vL / dfem' 7fpF 8\ofvn hf;"
lgslgs n/}rfs ;fu
dfem' 7fpF 6'/n hf;" lgslgs
n/}rfs ;fu
;vL / ;f}jg 8]njf e/f
u8/en/ hf;" ;f}jg 8]njf e/f
cfu';'? g]un hf;" k/ufg 8f/n /
;vL / lgslgs ;f}jg 8]nf s ;fu
hf;" sf]g6L 9/f
lgslgs ;fujf h] hf;" sf]g6L
9/fOn /
;vL / s6jf s] ;fu hf;" le6/
9/f
a/sf s;f}8f /L hf;" emflnd
So'gs etjf l/emfOn /
;vL / demnf s;f}8f /L hf;"
p/bLs dlupFgs bnjf l/emfOn
/Gnf s;f}8f /L hf;" n/}rs ;fu
l/emfOn /
;vL vGnf s;f}8f /L hf;"
/f}x|jf d5/Ls d'/Lof l/emfOn
5f]6sf s;f}8f /L hf;" n/}rs un/e;/ l/emfOn/
;vL / 5f]6sL s;f}8f /L hf;"
ub/e;/ l/emfOn
s5jf sL ;fu hf;" 5'g'/d'g'
lglwn]
;vL / ;ax'F a/gjf /L hf;"
6fO/L 6f]kLn]
sxfFdg af6 xf] ;f;" ;f]gsL
7/Lof /
;vL / sxfFdg af6 ;f;" ;fg]sL
s6f}/f
sf]7Lof d af6 /L hf;" ;f]gsL
7/Lof /
;vL / sf]7Lof d af6 ;f]gsL s6f}/f
;f]gsL 7/Lof d hf;" emflnd
So"gs eft k/f];n /
;vL / ;f]gsL s6f}/f d p/xL dlupgs
8njf k/f];
;f]gsL s6f}/f d p/8L dlupgs 8njf
k/f];g' /
;vL / s]xLd lbpF n/}rnsxL / ;fu
sf]7Lof df af6 /L hf;" ;f]gsL
s6f}/f /
;vL / lhxL d k/f];n hf;"
n}/rfs /fu
Ps nf/f vfOn hf;" b'O{ nf/f
vfOn /
;vL / tLgx'F nfnf vfON hf;"
df5L c; a]6jf u/e/L /xL hf
OxfF 6 h] dx/f dx/Lgs] a]6jf u/ef
/lxuOn /
;vL / ca 6 d] dx/f k6;'6 kn+ujf
eFuf
c6/f arg dx/f ;'gn ;'gL ha :ofsn /
;vL / ca 6 h] xF;6L kn+uf eFuf
;vL / k6;'6 kn+uf d n]xf] / aFO7
k6;'6 kn+uf a}7n a}7L ld5fOn /
;vL / h'/L h'/L 9/6L u}n/ ;wf
h'/L h'/L 9/6L /] hf;' a}7L a}7n
ld5fOn /
;vL / g/+uL lah'/f hf;" u}n/
;wf
n/+uL lah'/f h] hf;' vfO6L vfO6L
ld5fOn /
v: / agds cpF/f uOn / ;wf
OxfF 6 h] h] dx/f, dx/Lgs] a]6jf
u/e /xL uOn /
;vL / rlne]n dx/f r]/Lof anf
uf]/xL 6 3fnn dx/f vrdr kg xf]
;vL / xfF7xL 6 lnxn x/}of u'F8a]t
8"/xL;] 8\ofvn r]/Lof dx/f g
cfOn /
;vL / spg sfhg]6L eO/] cpdg
3/xL 6 r]l/of/L alxgL dx/Lgs] a]6jf
u/e /lxuLn
;vL / 6]njf k]/gg]6L s/g' xFsf/
c6/f arg k'gn ;'gL ha kfOn /
;vL / rlne}n r]/Lof dx/f 8'jf/
8'/xL;] 8\ofvn dx/Lg r[]/Lofs cfO6
/
;vL / a}7n l8xn rgg /L lk?sf
spg sfh spg k/f]h s/nf] xfFsf/
;vL / spg sfh g]6L Pg' 6'Fxf/ 8'cf/
6]njf k}/gg]6L s/g' xFsf/
;vL / 6]njf k]/gg]6L s/g' xFsf/
sxfFdg af6 h] lgslgs nlxof /[70]
;|f]t M cf:dfgL rf}w/L -^) aif{_
nIdLk'/ ufla; ( bfª
asL{df/
;d/f}6L -;Dxgf{_
k'?j d} ;fld/f} ;'?h e/f/, kl5pF d}
;fld/f} b]jL / cp6f/
pt/ d} ;fld/f} xl/slnf;, n+sf/L kjg
;fld/f} xg'dfg
pQ/ d} ;fld/f} Ho"sf/ Hoflt,
;'gf] dftf lktf Ps lrg6L df/
k08f] syf sxfF / n}hfp, hxfF ;'gfpF
hfxfF ;fa's gfu
eudf]tL z/g lnxa'F 6f]/ gfd, b]jL
w/d b]jL aGwg af
;/:jtL ;fld/f} uf]lxof ;Fu ;fyL,
rf}/f;L sf]On/ ;fld/f} wgcd/fO{
;jf/L nfv uf]lxof v]n v]nf, eudf]tL
z/g lnxa'F 6f]/ gfd
hfu uf]/v ;fld/f} a'|L b]j, pFx/L
a}7f] xl/slanf;
eudf]tL z/g lnxa'F 6f]/ gfd, b]aL
w/d b]jL aGwg af
kfFr kf08jb]j ;fld/f}, xd/L d]//Ls
sxf] /Iffkft
e"tb"t nfu hLgL 8]cf]
eudf]tL z/g lnxa'F 6f]/ gfd
h6L 8]j hgg' d} lnxa' / gfd ;ax'F l8lpF6fs]
gfd gfxL hgg'
;ax'F l8pF6f ldnL ;]jf n]cf],
eudf]tL, z/g lnxa'F 6f]/ gfd
asL{df/
/fhf hL/L hf]wg sx ha nfu, ;s'gL
dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{
;s'gL dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{, sf}g lalw
df? kf~rf] efO
/fhf h'lhi7t w/d;] rn kfFrf] kf08f]
/fh cf}tf/
;s'gL dGqL dGqfnos hf]/, /fhf
hL/Lhf]wg ;/; g} af]n
kf08f] df/L 7f]/ pkfO{, nifsL
niffuL/ d 8L 8fu
/fhf hL/Lhf]wg sx ha nfu, ;'g] /
;s'gL / ;s'gL dfdf kfgs aL/f xfF7 8L a}7f
g]j6L n} cfgf] kf~rf] pg;] af6
dGqfnos af6
kfFr efO nifuL/d k}+7 e}of 8';f;g
8jf/ HjfFhfw'df
/fhf h'lhli7n w/d;] rn kfFr k08f]
/fh cf}tf/
afpF c+u eLjfF efO afrfo, 8flxg c+u
e}of vDdf pFvf/
vDdf pFvf/L k}7 / kftfn, vDdf pFvf/L k}+7/
kftfn
;f]gs d?nf l;n xfF7 cf]/, dfo/
gs'/f kfgL e/ rnLhf
8}hfxf 8}6'/jf kf/n xfFs, kfFr ldnL
Ps nfuL / xdf/
gs'/f 8]7'F efOlagf x'O7' ;lxb]j
8]7'F h'g kl08t lagf x'O7'F
d} h}7'F /fh d+u xf], /fhf h'lhi7n
w/d;] rn kfFr k08f] /fh c}tf/
dfem 8fg /fhf v]s6f af]n, jx ;'g
eLjfF 6f]/ gfpF
;} ls/f v}g' 8/g' krfO{, Ox ls/f Ps
8f?F krfO{
k'/a hnd s/g' / w/d, ;f][ w/d df]/
cfu' cf
kfFr k'6f df]/ 'Onf] Ps 7fpF , kfFr
k'6 df]/ x'Onf] / Ps 7fpF
8]z 8]z /fhf h};L anfof], rf}8
hf]hg e'OofF / ;f]rf
;f]rL ;f]rL e'OofF s/ Ps 7fpF ,
h]xLd u/fcf] /fhf p6Ld 6f/
/fpa]w n} cfg h}/L gfp wg/hL xf]
/fp?kL /fhf klxrfgL, /fgL b'k{6L/L
8]vg rnL hf
;/u pk/ 6Ls / lg;fgf, h] /fpdf/L
klxnfjfg
/fpa]w b'k{6L n} cfg , h}/L gfp?
wg/hL xf]
e/n snz df]/ lxof g} ;dfj] d} a?
/xa'F slgof s'jfF/
af/f] a/; /xL h}g' slgof s'jfF/ ,
cfd dxL sf]OgfxL k'5
;O ;'gL eLjfF /xn l/;fO{, dxx'g
hfO6nfuL a]/
8f8's c1Lo kfpF d}, nj8f df/L 8]pF
uL/f
/fpe]w b'k{6L n} cfg', h}/L gfpF
wg/hL xf]
kfgL 5fxfF rL6fO aL/, rL6fO aL/ ls
a]wn z/L/
a]wn ls eLjfF /n 7lx|of, a]ws /fp
/xn 7lx|of
/fpa]w b'k{6L n} cfg, h}/L gfpF
wg/hL xf]
kfFr k'6f df]/ krx'Fdf]lxtf, kfFr
k'tf df]/ sf]OgfxL tLtf
kfFr k'6f df]/ afF6L r'6Lvf, /fpa]w
8'k{6L n} cfg h}/L gfpF wg/hL xf]
;s'gL dfdf hf]/f] pkfO{, sf}g lalw
df? kf~rf] efO
6f] af]nL p7n hL/Lhf]wg /fh, ;'gf]
h'lhi7Ln /fh
6Nx's xf]vL / Ho"gf/, 6Nx's
v]nL / kf;f ;f/
;ax' d'n's d} nu}a' / emf/, ;a'
d'n's 6} nu}Aof / emf/
x/L kf;f v]n6L h'/ kfgL kLaf]
h] hL6L x;gfk'/ h}6fk'/ /fh vfO{
h] xf/L af/f] a/; aglaf; vfO{[71]
km"njf/ -s]xL c+z_
lzpkm"njf/
x/] hnaLr /] dfem hxfF /] dxf8]j
lnxn cf}tf/
6]6\6L; sf]6Ls l8pF6f ldng /L cfj}
b]/Lof 9';'+u'/ hf]uL ca hf]uL v]nn
gf
agdfxf a}7f] x/L tk;L afnfO{, r/L
kfFrL r]nf;Fu df] /] xfF
x/] vfn 6f]/ afFw/] ejfgL tf]/ dfO{
lgt p7L s}/] eFuxLg cp6f/L 5F8nfO{
x/] d7lxg ;f]x] uf]dg ;kjf /]
cfFªsL cª\ulxg ;f]x] l8/xLg ;Fkjf
/]
x]/ hfdfs] 6]gL xf]OhfO{ cgu/ ;Fkjf
/]
kmfF/sL s6f/L xf]OhfO{ ;'ug ;Fkjf
/]
saf{ km"njf/
x/] vfn 8fF/ / lxpF6f hLg a'Oxf]
skf;
afFemL l6/Lof hLgL / lao} xf]
x/] afFemL l6/Lof h] lxpF6f hLgL /
lao} xf]
Pslbg lxpF6f x'Oaf] agLaf;
x/] c6/f arg /L ha ;'gn lxpF6L
rlne}n lxpF6L ckgL dlG8n]
c/] c/ c/ e}of 3f]/7g x]/jf
df]/nfu eojf Ps 3f]/jf knf+uf]
x/] lzj/+u 3f]/jf / 8f]x/L nufd
v}rLsg afF9; e}of df]/ ;f]jgf k]6f/
x/] k}+/L nf6 /L lxpF6L rx| ha nfun
rlne}n lxpF6L a/L agLaf;
x/] kmfF/d;] sfx|n lxpF6L ;f]gd'7
5'l/of
sf6L kmfF/L 8f/n emf+uLg kf6f
x/] gf df]/ b'Mv /] x/gL gf df]/
;'v
dfo/ df]/ sxn sf]vL e/}xf]
x/] 3'df]3'df] lxpF6L 3/ 3'dL hfcf]
6f]x/L sf]vLOf h] lnxa'F cf]tf/
x/} r}9 dlxgjf h] wd{s lwo/Ls hnd
lxpF6s 3/ lujf/L n]xnL cf}tf/
x/] 6]l§; sf]6Ls l8pF6f 8]vgf
rlncfO{
6]l6\6;sf]6Ls l8pF6f 8]xn cflzif
x/] xfFs 6 kf/n ufpFs} sf]6jnLof
gu/Ls nf]u p7n xx/fO{
x/] ko/L nf6 / l9of/L rx|xLg h nunL
56sn l9o/L 3f]/jf ;jf/
x/] Ox n]cf] l9of/L ;f]jg 8]njf
hfcf] /L lwo/L wgL / km"nfj/
3g km"njf/
x/] km6sn lwo/L 3f]/xL ;jf/
8f}/n 3f]/jf cfF9L / 9'G9L
/} pk/ 6 lr6fOn ckgL 6 3f]/Lof wd{s
lwo/Ls ?O6
Ox s/lgof lehn /]zs} s]z
x/] 8f}/n 3f]/jf cfF9L 9'G9L
k'uL 6 u}n l0o/L a]n a]a'/L 6L/
x/] kmfF/d;] sx|nL l9of/L ;f]gd'v
5'/Lof
kmfF/L 6 8/nL ao/sxL a]x/f
x/] k+7nL l9o/L 3gL /
km"njf/Lof
pk/ 6 s'On/ 5f]/n 6'x'sf/
x/], l/;sfO{ df6n l9o/L nfn xf]Ohf
afpFxf7 lnxnL l9of/L u'?6fs} df/
x/] xf]vg xf]v l9o/Ls uf]nLof
3gL / km'n/Lof k/n a/L df/
x/] em'sn l9o/Ls uf]nL ;/u dG8/f
/fhf lxpF6s cf3 k/n 9'/Lof
x/] em'sn l;;fs} uf]nL ;/u dG8/f
8]ah'u l8pF6f k/n w'l/of
x/] lx+re/ 6fgn l9o/L ane/ 5f]/n
sf/L s'On/ 8/nL lu/fO{
x/] pxfF;] wd{s l9o/L rnL gf e}n
rlne}n l9o/L k}7/L rnL gf e}n
rlne}n l9o/L rnL gf e}n
rlne}n l9o/L k}7/L kftfn
x/] 8'/xLF;] 8]vn af;' ua/Ls cfO6
nfnL kn+ujf af;' 8]xn la5f
x/] kfgs aL/f af;' NofgL 8]
k'5 nfun af;' /] dfdf s'zn s} af6
x/] shxL lgl6of /] dfdf shxLF k/f]h
sf/Ls'On/Lof h] d} 8/g' / df/
x/] 8]xs 8]x7'F /L e}gL cd[6 la/jf
3/L Ps l9o/L n]cf] la;/fd
x/] ;f]/x'F efhgjf af6 5l6\6;
kl/sf/
;f]/x'F lhpgf/ af;' l8xn k/f];
x/] a]lgof 8f]nfOn l9o/L xG;f 3'df
cDd/ la/jf / l9o/L 8]xnL ;'Fwf
x/] a}6s 8G8f 7f]sL / hu}nL
d'cn s'On/Lof p7n xx/fO{
bxkm'njf/
x/] pxfF;] wd{s l9o/L rnL gf e}n
8"/xL;] 8]vn l9o/L 8x
km"njf/
x/] p6/ lr6fOn l9o/L 8lvg lr6fOn
p6/s sf]gjf k}+7n km"njf/
x/] dglr6 lnxn l9o/L xhf/Ls}
km"n
sf/L glugLof 5f]/n km"kmsf/
x/] laif 6f]/ xf]O{ wd{s l9o/L
l8xnL jxf
laif r'xL n]xn l9o/L ks/n df7
x/] ;ax'F km"nf /] l9o/L l56gL
e/}nL
rlne}n l9o/L ckgL dlG8n]
x/] hfx' hfx' /] Clifof gf/8
x]pF6fs} kf;
hf}g /] vj/Lof sxL ;'gL 8]
x/] 6'xfF/ h] ;'g6L x]pF6f uj/L
s'jfF/L
h]xL /] dxfb]j dFu7 laofxL
x/] 8'u 8'u d'/Lof xLn d'Fx gfxL
8fF6
df]/ xLof /xxLF uj/L s'jfF/
x/] s/d 6 lnvn lxpF6L d]6L gfxLF
hfO{
Ps7f] /L slgof uFj/L 8]xf] / L
;Fu;fy
x/] lbg 6f] ;'lbg Clifof] 6'x'F 6
;f]rL 8]x xf]
sf}g lbgjf nug xdf/
x/] c+ugf;] lgs|n 8'nfx zx/ e}n
7fx|
nfuL hfcf] ls ufjFsL ujFlnfo
df]/;Fu;fy
x/] l9p/sg lnxf] xf] 8'nfx e'hf
/f]6L lk;fg
nuaL xf] 8'nff 6f]xf/ ;Fu;f7
x/] h};en pd/n df]/ sf/L /L a8/Lof
a};en pd/n df]/ ;hnf a/f6
x/] ;6/+u uf]G8/L 8]xn la5fO{
5]sL 6 8f/n ufpFs} ujnLof
x/] cfem's lbg hfO6L wgL / laxfo
sflNxs lbgjf nf}6L 3/ cOaL
x/] NofgL8f/f] rjF/s} hf]/ dxfb]j
cOn uf}/L laxfo
NofgL 8f/f] uxgfsL hf]/ dxfb]j cOn
uf}/L laxfo
x/] nfgf]nfgf] df]/ ;f]gsL
l;nf]6Lof
nfgf] /L do/L x/8Ls uF7jf
x/] nfgf] nfgf] do/L df]/ 6]njf
nfgf] /L do/L ;k6f l;+uf/
x/] ?O{ nUnL do/L df]/ emGv nUnL
em'/nUnL
g}gf 9k'?s cfF; vl/u}n df]/ l9of
k/fO{ x'On
d/] dx6fjfF 8fon 8f/g cfcf]
x/] P]nx afF;sf/L 8f]nL / agfcf]
h]xL 8f]lnof p7fO{ sxf/ k'?a d'Fx
hfa]
eojf h] nfun pl7g lal7g /f]P
d+;L k'mnjf/
x/] eFluof 6f] v}n dxfb]j e}n lgb
df/L
km'';'g km';'g ;'6n dxfb]j uf}/Ls}
sf]/f
x/] c; laif v}n dxfb]j v}n laifs
ifFf/f
p7sO uf}/L l56n dxfb]p s} h'/ kfgL
x/] gu/L 6f] a;fcf] dx6fFjf 6'/
u'nhf/
dlgof 6f] u}n dx6fjfF a/La/L
8"/
x/] ;f]gsO{ sFsxL dufOn uj/L
6]n nufOn uj/L lzps} s]z
x/] sfF9 lnxn dxfb]j emf]/L /
d+6f/f
xfF7 lnxn eifs s} emf]l/of
x/] ca ;''gf] ;f;" /L
d} 6 9/a'F hf]uLofs} e]if
x/] Ps ag gfF3n hf]uL 8f];/ ag
rfFkn]
6L;n ag hf]uLof 9'lgof nuf
x/] pxfF;] l9o/L rnL e}u}n 7fx|
pxfF;] l9of/L rnL gf e}n
s}nflu/L ka{6jf l9o/L e}u}n 7fx|
x/] ;jfsf]; d+;L;/jf 8f/} / lx/f]/
dsr'g kf/n uj/L 3f]+3L / ;]jf/
x/] rf]nf] rf]nf] uj/L d}of la/js
6/
ca gfxL v]nL uj/L ;'g lr6 nfu
lx/8;] dfgn ;] uj/L dxfb]js} af6
x/] 8'gx'F l8p6jfF a}7n ulx/f ulDx/
8'gx'F l8p6jf / xfF; l7§f df/
x/] gfxL /L 5f]/a'F l9o/L ef]u /
lanf;
8'9L al3lgof ;'gL /x} /] nhfO{
x/] d} 6 5f]/a'F dxfb]j dxfb]j
ejfgLsO{ ?k
8'gx'F xf]OhfO{ rsOs k
x/] 8'gx'F l8pF6jf /L v]n
8x/f8km"n
k]6 u/eL /lxu}n s6s} a'F8
x/] Ps rf] 5nn dxfb]j 5nn x'O rf]6L
kfFr k/d]Zj/ uj/L 5n6L e]6f
x/] gf/8 Clifof /jfnfv k/j6 rfFk6
rlnhf
cfkg hnds} s/L / larf/
x/] hfO 7x¥ofOn gf/8 dxfb]j s} kf;
k'5 nfun gfb dxfb]j ;] af6
x/] /fh dxfb]j 3'dL rnL cOg'
d} rlncOg' xl/slanf;
x/] ha p7L 5f]/ dxfb]j l8pF6fs} ?k
p7Ls n]xn dxfb]j ejF/fs} ?k
x/] hfO{ k}+7n dxfb]j d+;L km"njf/
8'/xL ;] 8]vn dxfb]j aa'/ s} k]/
x/] ;f]g lzj/+uL 3f]/jf /] 8]v
km"njf/
w/ds l9o/L 8]vn /L 6fn
x/] hf] 6'F /fhdxfb]j s/7f] v]ns08
n6O dxfb]j 5f]/f] ejF/f s} ?k
x/] ;f6f] c08f w/ds lwo/L u/e /lxhf
cfkg 6 e}nL uj/L l8p6Ls ?k
lr6ǻ km'njf/
x/] ;f]gs} cFuLof nf8n l9o/L
3f]/jfs} lk7
?ksL k5f/L l9o/L uf]/f 7f]s
x/] nf]s} s}Ghf nufOn 3f]/jfs d'v
uhfxf d'Fu}/f nf8n 3f]/jfs} lk7
x/] ;f]/x'F ;ahjf nf8n 3f]/jfs} lk7
pk/ 6 nf8n uj/L /]zds} vfz
x/] km6sn l9o/L 3f]/jf ;jf/
afpFxfF7 ks/n l9o/L 3f]/jf nufd
x/] 8flxg rnfOn uj/L ;f]jg s} ;f]6f
lzj/+u 3f]/jf /L rnn lrqª
km"njf/
x/] k}7n l9o/L aLr km"njf/
km'njf nf]x|L nf]x|L sf]5 e/fO{
x/] a]n 6 a]a'/L 6/ l9o/L n]xn
la;/fd
;f]jg 8]njf l9o/L km"nf 9/ nfu
.
x/] nf? 6f] njfFu s} /; kmf]/L
kmf]/L vf
8"9c; kfgL l9o/L s'Nnf s/Ln]
x/] pxfF;] l9o/L rnL gf e}n
gf} / c76« km"njf rx|}a'F /
hfO{
x/] rdsL rdf}6f 9f]ns l9o/L 3f]/jfs
df7
rdsL rdf}6f 9f]sn l9o/L 3f]/js df7
rdsL rdf}6f nufOn dxfb]j 8f]x/L
nufd
x/] km"njf/];] lgs|n l9o/L
afxf/ 8lx¥ofO{
56\6L; c+u l9o/L p7fOn c3/fg
x/] 6]l6\6;sf]l6s l8pF6f l8x cflzif
;ax'F algL 8]xn / cflzif
x/] ;o km"n /L alxgL u'af{as
kfp /] rx|f
a]n a]a'/L ejfgL 6'x'F /L af]nf
x/] pxfF;] l9o/L rnLg e}n
;f]x|;f} ;vLoflar e}n 7fx| .. [72]
;|f]t M czf]s yf¿, bfª
kl/lzi6 rf/
Yff¿ g[To tyf ;+:s[lt;Fu ;DalGwt kmf]6f]x¿
 |
 |
;Gbe{ u|Gy;"rL
cfrfo{, uf]ljGb, /fKtL
nf]s;flxTo, sf7df08f} . k}/jL k|sfzg, @)^# .
cf]emf, b]jL k|;fb, ;'b"/klZrdf~rndf
;flxTo / ;flxTosf/x?, s+rgk'/ M ;'b'/klZrdf~rn ;fdflhs
;]jf tyf cg';Gwfg ;ldlt, @)^) .
sfk8L,
…e|d/Ú /fd e/f];, d}ynL nf]s ;+:s[lt,
hgsk'/, hgsk'/ nlntsnf k|lti7fg, @)^^
lu/L , lhj]Gb| b]j, g]kfnL nf]s
;flxTodf hghLjg, sf7df08f} M Pstf k|sfzg, @)^& .
rf}w/L, nSsL, ltx'jf/,
s}nfnL M >LdtL uLtf rf}w/L, @)^# .
hf]zL, …k|eftÚ kb\d/fh, ;'b"/
klZrdf~rnsf] ;dfh nf]s ;+:s[lt Ps emns, wgu9L
M ;f}/fO{
k|sfzg, @)^$ .
yf?,
czf]s, yf? nf]s;flxTodf Oltxf;, snf /
bz{g, bfª M kl/at{gsf ;Dafxsx?sf] d~r, @)^# .
blxt, uf]kfn, yf? g]kfnL c+u|]hL
zAbsf]if, -bf]=;=_ alb{of M ;fd"lxs o'jf Snj, @)^! .
======================, yf? nf]s;flxTo kl/ro sf]z, nlntk'/M cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o
k|lti7fg, @)^@
e§,
k'is//fh, ;'b"/ klZrddf dft[efiff–;flxTo,
sfe|] M hgdt k|sfzg, @)^% .
e§/fO{, 1fg]Zj/, a[xt 1fgsf]z,
sf7df08f} M cfzLif k':ts e08f/, @)^% .
efO;fa, jf;'b]j, 8f]6L k|b]zsf]
nf]sjfªdo sf]z, sf7df08f} M ;femf k|sfzg, @)^^ .
======================, yf?
nf]s;flxTo kl/ro sf]z, s+rgk'/ M af;'b]j efO;fj, @)^% .
ofqL, o1/fh cGo -;Dkf=_, ;flxTosf/
kl/ro sf]z, s}nfnL M ;'b'/ klZrdf~rn ;flxTo ;dfh,
@)^) .
zdf{, df]xg/fh / vu]Gb| k|+;fb n'O6]n, zf]wljlw, sf7dff08f} M ;femf k|sfzg, @)^@ .
zf]wkq
cflbTo
rf}w/L, bfª lhNnfsf] b]pv/Ldf k|rlnt yf¿
nf]suLtsf] cWoog, :gfQsf]Q/ g]kfnL zf]wkq - sLlt{k'/ M g]kfnL s]Gb|Lo ljefu, @)^%_
[1] b|f]0fk|;fb
/hf}l/of, e"ldsf yf¿ g]kfnL
c+u|hL zAbsf]if - alb{of, o'lgs g]kfn M @)%$_ k[=ª .
[2] s}nfnL lhNnfsf] j:t'ut ljj/0f,
-sf7d08f} M g]kfn ;/sf/ /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;lrjfno, s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu,
@)^& _ k[= ! .
[3] 1fg]Zj/ e§/fO{, a[xt 1fgsf]if -sf7df08f} M cfzLif k':ts e08f/, @)^%_ k[= @%) .
[4] P]hg,
k[= (( .
[5] lhNnf
kfZjlrq, -s+rgk'/ M lhNnf lasf; ;ldltsf] sfof{no, @)^%_ k[= ! .
[6] P]hg, k[= ! .
[7] P]hg, k[= ! .
[8] 6]sgfy
uf}td, yf¿ hfltsf] Oltxf; tyf ;+:s[lt,
-bfª M ;'zLn s'df/ uf}td, @)$$_ k[= !% .
[9] /fd/tg
/fgf;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t .
[10] c+u|hL
dxtf];Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t .
[11] la/dnfn
rf}w/L;Fusf] s'/fsfgL .
[12] uf]kfn
blxt, yf¿ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro,
- nlntk'/M cflbjf;L hghflt pTyfg /fli6«o k|lti7fg, @)^@_
[13] P]hg,
k[= !#$ .
[14] uf]laGb
cfrfo{, /fKtL nf]s;flxTo, -sf7df08f}
M k}/aL k|sf;g, @)^#_ k[=@($
[15] P]hg,
k[= @($–@(% .
[16] P]hg,
k[= @(% .
[17] P]hg,
k[= @(% .
[18] P]hg,
k[= @(%–@(^ .
[19] P]hg,
k[= @(^ – @(& .
[20] P]hg,
k[= @(* .
[21] P]hg,
k[= @(* .
[22] P]hg,
k[= @(* – @(( .
[23] P]hg,
k[= #)) .
[24] P]hg,
k[= #)) – #)! .
[25] P]hg,
k[= #)! .
[26] P]hg,
k[= #)! – #)@ .
[27] P]hg,
k[= #)@ .
[28] P]hg,
k[= #)@ .
[29] P]hg,
k[= #)# .
[30] P]hg,
k[= #)# – #)$ .
[31] P]hg,
k[= #)$ .
[32] P]hg,
k[= #)$ – #)& .
[33] P]hg,
k[= #)& .
[34] P]hg,
k[= #)& – #)* .
[35] P]hg,
k[= #)* – #)( .
[36] P]hg,
k[= #)( – #!) .
[37] P]hg,
k[= #!! – #!@ .
[38] uf]kfn blxt, k"j{jt, k[= !#% .
[39] P]hg,
k[= !#%–!#^ .
[40] P]hg,
k[= !#^–!#& .
[41] P]hg,
k[= !#& .
[42] P]hg,
k[= !#&–!#* .
[43] P]hg,
k[= !#*–!#( .
[44] P]hg,
k[= !$) .
[45] P]hg,
k[ = !$! .
[46] P]hg,
k[ = !$!–!$@ .
[47] P]hg,
k[= !$@ .
[48] P]hg,
k[= !$# .
[49] P]hg,
k[= !$# .
[50] P]hg,
k[= !$$ .
[51] P]hg,
k[= !$^ .
[52] P]hg,
k[= !$^ .
[53] sfhLdfg
sGbªjf, g]kfnL hg;flxTo, -sf7df08f}
M /f]on g]kfn Ps]8]dL, @)@_ k[= !) .
[54] wd{
/fh yfkf / x+;k'/] ;'a]bL, g]kfnL nf]s
;flxTosf] ljj]rgf -sf7df08f}M kf7\os|d ljsf; s]Gb|, lq= la=, @)$!_ k[= ($ .
[55] ;Todf]xg
hf]zL, xfd|f] nf]s ;+:s[lt,
-sf7df08f} M /Tg k':ts e08f/, @)$!_ k[= !$% .
[56] sfnL
eSt kGt, xfd|f] ;f+:s[lts Oltxf;,
bf];|f] ;+:s/0f -:ofª\hf M n]vs :jod\, @)$#_ k[= !$*–!%) .
[57] r'8fdl0f
aGw', g]kfnL nf]s;flxTo, -sf7df08f}
M Pstf a'S;, @)%*_ k[= !@$ .
[58] s[i0f
k|;fb k/fh'nL, g]kfnL nf]suLtsf] cfnf]s
, -sf7df08f} M aL0ff k':ts k|sfzg, @)%*_ k[= !$*–!$( .
[59] czf]s
yf¿, nf]s;flxTodf Oltxf;, snf / bz{g
- bfªM kl/jt{gsf ;Djfxsx¿sf] d~r, g]kfn, @)^#_ k[= @*# .
[60] czf]s
yf¿, nf]s;flxTodf Oltxf;, snf / bz{g
- bfªM kl/jt{gsf ;Djfxsx¿sf] d~r, g]kfn, @)^#_ k[= $% .
[61] uf]ljGHb
cfrfo{, /fKtL nf]s;flxTo - sf7df8f}M
k}/jL k|sfzg, @)^#_ k[= ^! .
[62] uf]ljGHb
cfrfo{, /fKtL nf]s;flxTo - sf7df8f}M
k}/jL k|sfzg, @)^#_ k[= @@$ .
[63] czf]s
yf?, yf? nf]s ;flxTodf Oltxf;, snf /
bz{g -bfª M kl/at{gsf ;Dafxsx?sf] d~r g]kfn, @)^#_ k[= !*( .
[64] P]hg,
k[= @@* .
[65] k"a{jt,
k[= @#& .
[66] czf]s
yf¿, yf¿ nf]s;flxTodf Oltxf;, snf /
bz{g, -bfª M kl/jt{gsf ;Djfxsx¿sf] d~r, g]kfn, @)^#_ k[= @%) .
[67] uf]ljGb
cfrfo{, k"j{jt, k[= #^)–#^% .
[68] P]hg,
k[=#^%–#&! .
[69] P]hg,
k[ #&!–#&$ .
[70] P]hg,
k[= #&%–#(^ .
[71] P]hg,
k[= #(^–$)@ .
[72] P]hg, k[= $)@–$)* .
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